Psychology of Learning MCQs

1. Which theory of learning emphasizes the role of rewards and punishments in shaping behavior? a) Cognitive Theory b) Behavioral Theory c) Humanistic Theory d) Constructivist Theory Answer: b) Behavioral Theory 2. According to Pavlov’s classical conditioning, what is the term for the learned response to a previously neutral stimulus? a) Unconditioned Response b) Conditioned Response c) Unconditioned Stimulus d) Conditioned Stimulus Answer: b) Conditioned Response 3. In Skinner’s operant conditioning, what is the term for increasing the likelihood of a behavior by following it with a pleasant consequence? a) Positive Reinforcement b) Negative Reinforcement c) Positive Punishment d) Negative Punishment Answer: a) Positive Reinforcement 4. What is the term for a type of learning in which an individual learns by observing the behavior of others? a) Classical Conditioning b) Operant Conditioning c) Observational Learning d) Insight Learning Answer: c) Observational Learning 5. Which concept refers to the process of associating a neutral stimulus with a naturally occurring stimulus to produce a new response? a) Classical Conditioning b) Operant Conditioning c) Social Learning d) Insight Learning Answer: a) Classical Conditioning 6. In Bandura’s social learning theory, what is the term for the process of imitating the behavior of a model? a) Modeling b) Shaping c) Chaining d) Scaffolding Answer: a) Modeling 7. Which type of reinforcement involves removing an aversive stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior? a) Positive Reinforcement b) Negative Reinforcement c) Positive Punishment d) Negative Punishment Answer: b) Negative Reinforcement 8. According to Vygotsky, what is the term for the support provided by a more knowledgeable person to help a learner accomplish a task? a) Scaffolding b) Shaping c) Modeling d) Reinforcement Answer: a) Scaffolding 9. What is the term for the mental process of organizing and making sense of new information in the context of existing knowledge? a) Assimilation b) Accommodation c) Scaffolding d) Generalization Answer: a) Assimilation 10. Which type of learning occurs when a learner achieves understanding by insight or sudden realization? a) Classical Conditioning b) Operant Conditioning c) Insight Learning d) Observational Learning Answer: c) Insight Learning

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