Geographical Information Systems (GIS) MCQs January 8, 2026August 13, 2024 by u930973931_answers 40 min Score: 0 Attempted: 0/40 Subscribe 1. What does GIS stand for? (A) Geographic Information System (B) Global Information System (C) Geographic Integrated System (D) Geographic Interface System 2. Which of the following is a primary function of GIS? (A) Data collection (B) Data analysis (C) All of the above (D) Data storage 3. What type of data is represented as discrete objects in GIS? (A) Vector data (B) Raster data (C) Temporal data (D) Network data 4. What type of data is represented as a grid of cells or pixels in GIS? (A) Network data (B) Vector data (C) Temporal data (D) Raster data 5. What is the term for the process of converting real-world features into a digital format for GIS? (A) Classification (B) Georeferencing (C) Data entry (D) Digitization 6. What is the purpose of georeferencing in GIS? (A) To visualize data (B) To classify data (C) To assign geographic coordinates to spatial data (D) To store data 7. Which GIS data model represents geographic features as points, lines, and polygons? (A) Raster (B) Vector (C) Grid (D) Network 8. Which GIS data model represents geographic features as a grid of cells or pixels? (A) Vector (B) Network (C) Raster (D) Temporal 9. What is a shapefile in GIS? (A) A type of raster data (B) A type of georeferencing technique (C) A type of database (D) A type of vector data format 10. Which coordinate system is commonly used in GIS for mapping global locations? (A) Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) (B) State Plane Coordinate System (C) Latitude and Longitude (D) Albers Equal Area 11. What is the term for the projection method that preserves shape but distorts area? (A) Conformal projection (B) Equal-area projection (C) Equidistant projection (D) Azimuthal projection 12. What is the term for the projection method that preserves area but distorts shape? (A) Equidistant projection (B) Conformal projection (C) Equal-area projection (D) Azimuthal projection 13. What is the name of the GIS operation that involves combining multiple layers of spatial data? (A) Overlay (B) Buffering (C) Clipping (D) Dissolving 14. What is the term for the GIS process of creating a new layer that represents areas within a specified distance from a feature? (A) Dissolving (B) Clipping (C) Merging (D) Buffering 15. What is the purpose of data interpolation in GIS? (A) To digitize data (B) To classify data (C) To visualize data (D) To estimate unknown values based on known values 16. What GIS tool is used to extract data based on spatial queries? (A) Query tool (B) Buffer tool (C) Clipping tool (D) Analysis tool 17. What is a geodatabase in GIS? (A) A type of spatial data file (B) A type of coordinate system (C) A type of projection (D) A type of database designed to store, query, and manage spatial data 18. What is the term for the GIS process of removing or modifying parts of a layer based on a specified boundary? (A) Buffering (B) Merging (C) Clipping (D) Dissolving 19. What is the purpose of a legend in a GIS map? (A) To indicate the map projection (B) To display geographic coordinates (C) To show the map scale (D) To provide information about the symbols and colors used on the map 20. What is the term for the GIS process of combining adjacent polygons into a single polygon? (A) Merging (B) Buffering (C) Clipping (D) Dissolving 21. What is the term for the process of creating a visual representation of data in GIS, such as a map or chart? (A) Analysis (B) Visualization (C) Geocoding (D) Digitization 22. What is a raster layer in GIS typically used to represent? (A) Continuous data (B) Discrete data (C) Categorical data (D) Temporal data 23. What is the term for the process of assigning geographic coordinates to an image or map in GIS? (A) Classification (B) Digitization (C) Georeferencing (D) Analysis 24. Which GIS tool is used to find the shortest path between two points? (A) Overlay tool (B) Buffering tool (C) Clipping tool (D) Network analysis tool 25. What is the purpose of the “attribute table” in GIS? (A) To display non-spatial information associated with spatial features (B) To show the map legend (C) To visualize data (D) To store raster data 26. What is the term for the process of determining the geographic location of an address or place in GIS? (A) Georeferencing (B) Geocoding (C) Digitization (D) Classification 27. What is a “DEM” in GIS? (A) Digital Environmental Map (B) Data Encoding Model (C) Digital Elevation Model (D) Database Engineering Method 28. What is the term for the spatial relationship between features in GIS, such as adjacency or connectivity? (A) Classification (B) Projection (C) Georeferencing (D) Topology 29. What is the purpose of the “scale” on a GIS map? (A) To indicate the coordinate system (B) To provide information about the map legend (C) To display the map projection (D) To show the ratio between map distance and real-world distance 30. What is a “layer” in GIS? (A) A map projection (B) A type of coordinate system (C) A single dataset that can be overlaid with other datasets (D) A geocoding method 31. What is the term for the GIS operation that calculates the area of features within a specified boundary? (A) Buffer analysis (B) Overlay analysis (C) Zonal statistics (D) Spatial join 32. What is the purpose of a “spatial join” in GIS? (A) To merge attributes from different tables (B) To combine data from two layers based on their spatial relationship (C) To create a new raster layer (D) To digitize new features 33. What is the term for the GIS process of analyzing the visibility of features from a specific point? (A) Network analysis (B) Viewshed analysis (C) Buffer analysis (D) Spatial interpolation 34. What is the term for the process of changing the scale of a map in GIS? (A) Georeferencing (B) Reprojecting (C) Rescaling (D) Classifying 35. What is the purpose of “cartographic design” in GIS? (A) To digitize spatial data (B) To create effective and visually appealing maps (C) To perform spatial analysis (D) To manage GIS databases 36. What is the term for the practice of converting analog maps to digital format in GIS? (A) Georeferencing (B) Digitization (C) Rasterization (D) Vectorization 37. What is the term for the method of visualizing data values on a map using color gradients? (A) Dot density mapping (B) Choropleth mapping (C) Proportional symbol mapping (D) Heat mapping 38. What is the term for a GIS database that is designed to store spatial data in a structured format? (A) Attribute table (B) Shapefile (C) Raster dataset (D) Geodatabase 39. What is the term for the error that occurs when spatial data is inaccurately represented on a map? (A) Measurement error (B) Attribute error (C) Geometric error (D) Sampling error 40. What is the term for the analysis technique that predicts future events based on historical data in GIS? (A) Predictive modeling (B) Spatial analysis (C) Descriptive analysis (D) Data mining