Environmental Toxicology MCQs

1. What is the study of the effects of toxic substances on living organisms in their environment?
a) Environmental Chemistry
b) Environmental Toxicology
c) Environmental Biology
d) Environmental Physics
Answer: b) Environmental Toxicology

2. What term describes the concentration of a toxic substance in an organism relative to its concentration in the environment?
a) Bioaccumulation
b) Biomagnification
c) Biotransformation
d) Biodegradation
Answer: a) Bioaccumulation

3. What is the term for the process by which the concentration of a toxic substance increases as it moves up the food chain?
a) Bioaccumulation
b) Biomagnification
c) Biotransformation
d) Biodegradation
Answer: b) Biomagnification

4. What is the term for the study of the effects of chemicals on human health and the environment?
a) Toxicology
b) Pharmacology
c) Environmental Science
d) Ecology
Answer: a) Toxicology

5. What term refers to the dose of a toxic substance that causes the death of 50% of a test population?
a) LD50
b) LC50
c) ED50
d) TD50
Answer: a) LD50

6. What is the term for the measurement of the concentration of a chemical in a biological system?
a) Biomonitoring
b) Bioassay
c) Toxicokinetics
d) Toxicodynamics
Answer: a) Biomonitoring

7. What is the term for the study of how toxic substances move through the environment and affect living organisms?
a) Environmental Toxicology
b) Ecotoxicology
c) Epidemiology
d) Risk Assessment
Answer: b) Ecotoxicology

8. What is the term for the process by which a toxic substance is broken down in an organism?
a) Biotransformation
b) Bioaccumulation
c) Biomagnification
d) Biodegradation
Answer: a) Biotransformation

9. What is the term for a substance that causes cancer?
a) Teratogen
b) Carcinogen
c) Mutagen
d) Neurotoxin
Answer: b) Carcinogen

10. What is the term for a substance that causes birth defects?
a) Carcinogen
b) Teratogen
c) Mutagen
d) Endocrine disruptor
Answer: b) Teratogen

11. What is the term for a chemical that interferes with the normal function of hormones in the body?
a) Endocrine disruptor
b) Carcinogen
c) Teratogen
d) Mutagen
Answer: a) Endocrine disruptor

12. What term refers to the study of the effects of toxic substances on plant life?
a) Phytotoxicology
b) Ecotoxicology
c) Teratology
d) Environmental Chemistry
Answer: a) Phytotoxicology

13. What is the term for the process by which organisms convert toxic substances into less harmful compounds?
a) Biotransformation
b) Bioaccumulation
c) Biomagnification
d) Biodegradation
Answer: a) Biotransformation

14. What is the term for a toxic substance that affects the nervous system?
a) Neurotoxin
b) Hemotoxin
c) Hepatotoxin
d) Nephrotoxin
Answer: a) Neurotoxin

15. What is the term for a chemical that affects the liver?
a) Hepatotoxin
b) Nephrotoxin
c) Neurotoxin
d) Hemotoxin
Answer: a) Hepatotoxin

16. What is the term for a chemical that affects the kidneys?
a) Nephrotoxin
b) Hepatotoxin
c) Neurotoxin
d) Hemotoxin
Answer: a) Nephrotoxin

17. What is the term for the concentration of a toxic substance that causes adverse effects in 50% of a population?
a) LC50
b) LD50
c) ED50
d) TD50
Answer: a) LC50

18. What term refers to the amount of a chemical that causes no observable adverse effect?
a) NOAEL
b) LOAEL
c) LC50
d) LD50
Answer: a) NOAEL

19. What is the term for the level of exposure to a toxic substance that causes observable adverse effects?
a) LOAEL
b) NOAEL
c) LC50
d) LD50
Answer: a) LOAEL

20. What term describes the variation in susceptibility to a toxic substance among different individuals or populations?
a) Toxicokinetics
b) Toxicodynamics
c) Individual susceptibility
d) Dose-response relationship
Answer: c) Individual susceptibility

21. What is the term for the study of the effects of pollutants on ecosystems?
a) Ecotoxicology
b) Environmental Toxicology
c) Environmental Chemistry
d) Environmental Biology
Answer: a) Ecotoxicology

22. What is the term for the process by which a toxic substance is absorbed into the body?
a) Absorption
b) Distribution
c) Metabolism
d) Excretion
Answer: a) Absorption

23. What is the term for the elimination of a toxic substance from the body?
a) Excretion
b) Absorption
c) Metabolism
d) Distribution
Answer: a) Excretion

24. What is the term for the alteration of a toxic substance in the body that makes it less harmful?
a) Biotransformation
b) Biodegradation
c) Bioaccumulation
d) Biomagnification
Answer: a) Biotransformation

25. What is the term for the process by which toxic substances are converted into less harmful compounds in the environment?
a) Biodegradation
b) Biotransformation
c) Bioaccumulation
d) Biomagnification
Answer: a) Biodegradation

26. What is the term for a substance that causes genetic mutations?
a) Mutagen
b) Carcinogen
c) Teratogen
d) Endocrine disruptor
Answer: a) Mutagen

27. What is the term for the measure of a chemical’s potential to cause harm to living organisms?
a) Toxicity
b) Potency
c) Hazard
d) Risk
Answer: a) Toxicity

28. What is the term for a chemical that is persistent in the environment and can accumulate in the food chain?
a) Persistent organic pollutant
b) Biodegradable pollutant
c) Nonpersistent chemical
d) Volatile organic compound
Answer: a) Persistent organic pollutant

29. What is the term for the harmful effects of a toxic substance on aquatic life?
a) Aquatic toxicity
b) Terrestrial toxicity
c) Human toxicity
d) Environmental toxicity
Answer: a) Aquatic toxicity

30. What is the term for the measure of the likelihood that a chemical will cause an adverse effect?
a) Risk
b) Hazard
c) Toxicity
d) Exposure
Answer: a) Risk

31. What is the term for the ability of a toxic substance to cause harm at low concentrations?
a) Potency
b) Toxicity
c) Hazard
d) Risk
Answer: a) Potency

32. What is the term for a chemical that can cause reproductive harm?
a) Reproductive toxin
b) Carcinogen
c) Teratogen
d) Neurotoxin
Answer: a) Reproductive toxin

33. What is the term for the study of the effects of toxic substances on the development of organisms?
a) Developmental toxicology
b) Environmental toxicology
c) Ecotoxicology
d) Human toxicology
Answer: a) Developmental toxicology

34. What is the term for the process by which an organism’s internal environment is altered by a toxic substance?
a) Toxicodynamics
b) Toxicokinetics
c) Biotransformation
d) Bioaccumulation
Answer: a) Toxicodynamics

35. What is the term for the process by which a toxic substance is distributed throughout the body?
a) Distribution
b) Absorption
c) Metabolism
d) Excretion
Answer: a) Distribution

36. What is the term for the study of the effects of environmental contaminants on human health?
a) Environmental Health
b) Toxicology
c) Epidemiology
d) Risk Assessment
Answer: a) Environmental Health

37. What is the term for the degree to which a substance can cause an adverse effect after exposure?
a) Potency
b) Toxicity
c) Hazard
d) Risk
Answer: b) Toxicity

38. What is the term for chemicals that are released into the environment and can be harmful to human health and the ecosystem?
a) Pollutants
b) Contaminants
c) Toxicants
d) Hazards
Answer: c) Toxicants

39. What is the term for a chemical that has the potential to cause harm at a specific dose?
a) Toxicant
b) Hazard
c) Risk
d) Exposure
Answer: a) Toxicant

40. What is the term for the study of how environmental factors influence the risk of disease?
a) Epidemiology
b) Environmental Health
c) Toxicology
d) Biostatistics
Answer: a) Epidemiology

Environmental Toxicology MCQs

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