Environmental Toxicology MCQs

1. What is the study of the effects of toxic substances on living organisms in their environment? a) Environmental Chemistry b) Environmental Toxicology c) Environmental Biology d) Environmental Physics Answer: b) Environmental Toxicology 2. What term describes the concentration of a toxic substance in an organism relative to its concentration in the environment? a) Bioaccumulation b) Biomagnification c) Biotransformation d) Biodegradation Answer: a) Bioaccumulation 3. What is the term for the process by which the concentration of a toxic substance increases as it moves up the food chain? a) Bioaccumulation b) Biomagnification c) Biotransformation d) Biodegradation Answer: b) Biomagnification 4. What is the term for the study of the effects of chemicals on human health and the environment? a) Toxicology b) Pharmacology c) Environmental Science d) Ecology Answer: a) Toxicology 5. What term refers to the dose of a toxic substance that causes the death of 50% of a test population? a) LD50 b) LC50 c) ED50 d) TD50 Answer: a) LD50 6. What is the term for the measurement of the concentration of a chemical in a biological system? a) Biomonitoring b) Bioassay c) Toxicokinetics d) Toxicodynamics Answer: a) Biomonitoring 7. What is the term for the study of how toxic substances move through the environment and affect living organisms? a) Environmental Toxicology b) Ecotoxicology c) Epidemiology d) Risk Assessment Answer: b) Ecotoxicology 8. What is the term for the process by which a toxic substance is broken down in an organism? a) Biotransformation b) Bioaccumulation c) Biomagnification d) Biodegradation Answer: a) Biotransformation 9. What is the term for a substance that causes cancer? a) Teratogen b) Carcinogen c) Mutagen d) Neurotoxin Answer: b) Carcinogen 10. What is the term for a substance that causes birth defects? a) Carcinogen b) Teratogen c) Mutagen d) Endocrine disruptor Answer: b) Teratogen 11. What is the term for a chemical that interferes with the normal function of hormones in the body? a) Endocrine disruptor b) Carcinogen c) Teratogen d) Mutagen Answer: a) Endocrine disruptor 12. What term refers to the study of the effects of toxic substances on plant life? a) Phytotoxicology b) Ecotoxicology c) Teratology d) Environmental Chemistry Answer: a) Phytotoxicology 13. What is the term for the process by which organisms convert toxic substances into less harmful compounds? a) Biotransformation b) Bioaccumulation c) Biomagnification d) Biodegradation Answer: a) Biotransformation 14. What is the term for a toxic substance that affects the nervous system? a) Neurotoxin b) Hemotoxin c) Hepatotoxin d) Nephrotoxin Answer: a) Neurotoxin 15. What is the term for a chemical that affects the liver? a) Hepatotoxin b) Nephrotoxin c) Neurotoxin d) Hemotoxin Answer: a) Hepatotoxin 16. What is the term for a chemical that affects the kidneys? a) Nephrotoxin b) Hepatotoxin c) Neurotoxin d) Hemotoxin Answer: a) Nephrotoxin 17. What is the term for the concentration of a toxic substance that causes adverse effects in 50% of a population? a) LC50 b) LD50 c) ED50 d) TD50 Answer: a) LC50 18. What term refers to the amount of a chemical that causes no observable adverse effect? a) NOAEL b) LOAEL c) LC50 d) LD50 Answer: a) NOAEL 19. What is the term for the level of exposure to a toxic substance that causes observable adverse effects? a) LOAEL b) NOAEL c) LC50 d) LD50 Answer: a) LOAEL 20. What term describes the variation in susceptibility to a toxic substance among different individuals or populations? a) Toxicokinetics b) Toxicodynamics c) Individual susceptibility d) Dose-response relationship Answer: c) Individual susceptibility 21. What is the term for the study of the effects of pollutants on ecosystems? a) Ecotoxicology b) Environmental Toxicology c) Environmental Chemistry d) Environmental Biology Answer: a) Ecotoxicology 22. What is the term for the process by which a toxic substance is absorbed into the body? a) Absorption b) Distribution c) Metabolism d) Excretion Answer: a) Absorption 23. What is the term for the elimination of a toxic substance from the body? a) Excretion b) Absorption c) Metabolism d) Distribution Answer: a) Excretion 24. What is the term for the alteration of a toxic substance in the body that makes it less harmful? a) Biotransformation b) Biodegradation c) Bioaccumulation d) Biomagnification Answer: a) Biotransformation 25. What is the term for the process by which toxic substances are converted into less harmful compounds in the environment? a) Biodegradation b) Biotransformation c) Bioaccumulation d) Biomagnification Answer: a) Biodegradation 26. What is the term for a substance that causes genetic mutations? a) Mutagen b) Carcinogen c) Teratogen d) Endocrine disruptor Answer: a) Mutagen 27. What is the term for the measure of a chemical’s potential to cause harm to living organisms? a) Toxicity b) Potency c) Hazard d) Risk Answer: a) Toxicity 28. What is the term for a chemical that is persistent in the environment and can accumulate in the food chain? a) Persistent organic pollutant b) Biodegradable pollutant c) Nonpersistent chemical d) Volatile organic compound Answer: a) Persistent organic pollutant 29. What is the term for the harmful effects of a toxic substance on aquatic life? a) Aquatic toxicity b) Terrestrial toxicity c) Human toxicity d) Environmental toxicity Answer: a) Aquatic toxicity 30. What is the term for the measure of the likelihood that a chemical will cause an adverse effect? a) Risk b) Hazard c) Toxicity d) Exposure Answer: a) Risk 31. What is the term for the ability of a toxic substance to cause harm at low concentrations? a) Potency b) Toxicity c) Hazard d) Risk Answer: a) Potency 32. What is the term for a chemical that can cause reproductive harm? a) Reproductive toxin b) Carcinogen c) Teratogen d) Neurotoxin Answer: a) Reproductive toxin 33. What is the term for the study of the effects of toxic substances on the development of organisms? a) Developmental toxicology b) Environmental toxicology c) Ecotoxicology d) Human toxicology Answer: a) Developmental toxicology 34. What is the term for the process by which an organism’s internal environment is altered by a toxic substance? a) Toxicodynamics b) Toxicokinetics c) Biotransformation d) Bioaccumulation Answer: a) Toxicodynamics 35. What is the term for the process by which a toxic substance is distributed throughout the body? a) Distribution b) Absorption c) Metabolism d) Excretion Answer: a) Distribution 36. What is the term for the study of the effects of environmental contaminants on human health? a) Environmental Health b) Toxicology c) Epidemiology d) Risk Assessment Answer: a) Environmental Health 37. What is the term for the degree to which a substance can cause an adverse effect after exposure? a) Potency b) Toxicity c) Hazard d) Risk Answer: b) Toxicity 38. What is the term for chemicals that are released into the environment and can be harmful to human health and the ecosystem? a) Pollutants b) Contaminants c) Toxicants d) Hazards Answer: c) Toxicants 39. What is the term for a chemical that has the potential to cause harm at a specific dose? a) Toxicant b) Hazard c) Risk d) Exposure Answer: a) Toxicant 40. What is the term for the study of how environmental factors influence the risk of disease? a) Epidemiology b) Environmental Health c) Toxicology d) Biostatistics Answer: a) Epidemiology

Environmental Toxicology MCQs

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