Biostatistics MCQs January 8, 2026August 13, 2024 by u930973931_answers 50 min Score: 0 Attempted: 0/50 Subscribe 1. What is the term for a measure that describes the central value of a dataset? (A) Variance (B) Range (C) Standard deviation (D) Mean 2. Which measure of central tendency is most affected by extreme values or outliers? (A) Mode (B) Median (C) Mean (D) Variance 3. What is the term for the middle value in a dataset when it is ordered from smallest to largest? (A) Mean (B) Range (C) Mode (D) Median 4. What measure of central tendency is defined as the value that appears most frequently in a dataset? (A) Mean (B) Mode (C) Median (D) Variance 5. What is the term for the measure of dispersion that represents the average squared deviation from the mean? (A) Interquartile range (B) Standard deviation (C) Range (D) Variance 6. What is the square root of the variance called? (A) Range (B) Mean (C) Standard deviation (D) Median 7. What is the term for the difference between the highest and lowest values in a dataset? (A) Variance (B) Standard deviation (C) Range (D) Interquartile range 8. What is the term for the measure that divides a dataset into four equal parts? (A) Percentiles (B) Deciles (C) Quartiles (D) Median 9. What is the term for a dataset where the distribution is symmetrical and bell-shaped? (A) Exponential distribution (B) Skewed distribution (C) Uniform distribution (D) Normal distribution 10. What is the probability distribution used to model the number of successes in a fixed number of trials? (A) Normal distribution (B) Binomial distribution (C) Poisson distribution (D) Exponential distribution 11. What is the term for the probability of a given outcome occurring in a dataset? (A) Probability (B) P-value (C) Confidence interval (D) Risk 12. What is the term for the probability of observing a result as extreme as or more extreme than the one observed, given that the null hypothesis is true? (A) Power (B) Confidence interval (C) P-value (D) Significance level 13. What is the term for the range within which a population parameter is expected to lie with a certain level of confidence? (A) Confidence interval (B) Hypothesis test (C) P-value (D) Effect size 14. What is the term for the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true? (A) Power (B) Type II error (C) Type I error (D) Significance level 15. What is the term for the likelihood of failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is false? (A) Type II error (B) Type I error (C) Power (D) Significance level 16. What is the term for the probability of correctly rejecting a false null hypothesis? (A) Type I error (B) Significance level (C) Power (D) Type II error 17. What is the term for a statistical test that assesses whether there is a significant difference between the means of two groups? (A) Regression analysis (B) Chi-square test (C) ANOVA (D) T-test 18. What is the term for a statistical test used to compare the variances of two or more groups? (A) Chi-square test (B) T-test (C) F-test (D) Z-test 19. What is the term for a statistical test used to determine if there is a significant association between two categorical variables? (A) T-test (B) Chi-square test (C) ANOVA (D) Regression analysis 20. What is the term for a measure that assesses the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two variables? (A) Confidence interval (B) P-value (C) Correlation coefficient (D) Effect size 21. What is the term for a statistical model that describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables? (A) Regression analysis (B) ANOVA (C) Chi-square test (D) T-test 22. What is the term for the proportion of total variability in the dependent variable that is explained by the independent variable(s) in a regression model? (A) Beta coefficient (B) P-value (C) R-squared (D) Standard error 23. What is the term for the statistical technique used to test the significance of the relationship between variables? (A) Exploratory data analysis (B) Descriptive statistics (C) Hypothesis testing (D) Data mining 24. What is the term for the statistical measure that indicates how much individual data points differ from the mean? (A) Standard deviation (B) Variance (C) Range (D) Interquartile range 25. What is the term for the average of the squared deviations from the mean in a dataset? (A) Range (B) Standard deviation (C) Variance (D) Mean 26. What is the term for a graphical representation of the distribution of a dataset? (A) Histogram (B) Scatter plot (C) Box plot (D) Bar chart 27. What is the term for a graphical representation that shows the relationship between two continuous variables? (A) Histogram (B) Scatter plot (C) Box plot (D) Pie chart 28. What is the term for a statistical technique used to assess the differences between more than two group means? (A) Chi-square test (B) T-test (C) ANOVA (D) Regression analysis 29. What is the term for the measure of the average distance of each data point from the mean? (A) Range (B) Variance (C) Standard deviation (D) Interquartile range 30. What is the term for a hypothesis test where the null hypothesis is rejected only if the test statistic is beyond a certain critical value? (A) One-tailed test (B) Two-tailed test (C) Chi-square test (D) T-test 31. What is the term for the range of values within which a population parameter is expected to lie, with a specified level of confidence? (A) P-value (B) Hypothesis test (C) Confidence interval (D) Effect size 32. What is the term for the proportion of variance in a dependent variable that is accounted for by an independent variable in a regression model? (A) P-value (B) R-squared (C) Beta coefficient (D) Standard error 33. What is the term for the process of selecting a subset of individuals from a population to estimate characteristics of the whole population? (A) Data mining (B) Sampling (C) Hypothesis testing (D) Regression analysis 34. What is the term for a measure of the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two variables? (A) P-value (B) Correlation coefficient (C) Confidence interval (D) Effect size 35. What is the term for the statistical technique used to determine if the differences between groups are statistically significant? (A) Descriptive statistics (B) Hypothesis testing (C) Exploratory data analysis (D) Data mining 36. What is the term for the range of values within which a population parameter is expected to lie with a certain level of confidence? (A) Effect size (B) Hypothesis test (C) P-value (D) Confidence interval 37. What is the term for the statistical test that assesses the goodness of fit between observed and expected frequencies in categorical data? (A) Chi-square test (B) T-test (C) ANOVA (D) Regression analysis 38. What is the term for a measure that summarizes the center of a dataset? (A) Central tendency (B) Dispersion (C) Distribution (D) Correlation 39. What is the term for the degree to which two variables move in relation to each other? (A) Correlation (B) Regression (C) Variance (D) Distribution 40. What is the term for a graphical display of the five-number summary of a dataset? (A) Bar chart (B) Histogram (C) Scatter plot (D) Box plot 41. What is the term for a statistical test used to compare the means of three or more groups? (A) T-test (B) ANOVA (C) Chi-square test (D) Regression analysis 42. What is the term for the analysis that describes the data without making any conclusions? (A) Descriptive statistics (B) Inferential statistics (C) Exploratory data analysis (D) Predictive modeling 43. What is the term for the statistical error that occurs when the null hypothesis is rejected when it is true? (A) Power (B) Type II error (C) Type I error (D) Significance level 44. What is the term for the statistical error that occurs when the null hypothesis is not rejected when it is false? (A) Type I error (B) Type II error (C) Power (D) Significance level 45. What is the term for the likelihood of correctly rejecting a false null hypothesis? (A) Power (B) Significance level (C) Type I error (D) Type II error 46. What is the term for a hypothesis test that evaluates whether a parameter is greater than or less than a certain value? (A) One-tailed test (B) Two-tailed test (C) Chi-square test (D) T-test 47. What is the term for a hypothesis test that evaluates whether a parameter is significantly different from a certain value? (A) Two-tailed test (B) One-tailed test (C) Chi-square test (D) T-test 48. What is the term for a statistical model that predicts the value of one variable based on another variable? (A) T-test (B) ANOVA (C) Chi-square test (D) Regression analysis 49. What is the term for a measure of how closely data points cluster around a central value? (A) Correlation (B) Central tendency (C) Dispersion (D) Variability 50. What is the term for a measure of the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two variables? (A) Effect size (B) P-value (C) Confidence interval (D) Correlation coefficient