Ecology MCQs

40 min Score: 0 Attempted: 0/40

1. Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?
(A) Solar energy
(B) Fossil fuels
(C) Wind energy
(D) Hydroelectric power

2. The greenhouse effect is caused primarily by which gas?
(A) Oxygen
(B) Nitrogen
(C) Helium
(D) Carbon dioxide

3. Which layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
(A) Troposphere
(B) Stratosphere
(C) Mesosphere
(D) Thermosphere

4. What is the main cause of global warming?
(A) Increase in greenhouse gases
(B) Decrease in carbon dioxide levels
(C) Increase in oxygen levels
(D) Decrease in greenhouse gases

5. Acid rain is primarily caused by the emission of which gases?
(A) Carbon dioxide and methane
(B) Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides
(C) Oxygen and hydrogen
(D) Argon and neon

6. Which of the following is a biodegradable waste?
(A) Paper
(B) Glass
(C) Plastic
(D) Metal

7. Deforestation leads to which of the following?
(A) Increased wildlife population
(B) Increased rainfall
(C) Decreased global temperatures
(D) Soil erosion

8. The primary source of water pollution is:
(A) Animal waste
(B) Wind erosion
(C) Natural disasters
(D) Industrial waste

9. The term “biodiversity” refers to:
(A) The variety of life forms in a habitat
(B) The number of different ecosystems
(C) The number of endangered species
(D) The genetic uniformity of species

10. Which of the following is an example of an invasive species?
(A) Dodo bird
(B) Kangaroo
(C) Panda
(D) Zebra mussel

11. What is the primary purpose of the Kyoto Protocol?
(A) To reduce greenhouse gas emissions
(B) To protect endangered species
(C) To promote renewable energy
(D) To prevent deforestation

12. Eutrophication is caused by an excess of:
(A) Oxygen
(B) Sulfur
(C) Nutrients
(D) Pesticides

13. The largest source of methane emissions is:
(A) Livestock
(B) Rice paddies
(C) Fossil fuels
(D) Landfills

14. What is the major cause of ozone layer depletion?
(A) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
(B) Methane
(C) Carbon dioxide
(D) Sulfur dioxide

15. Which of the following is a major contributor to acid rain?
(A) Methane
(B) Nitrous oxide
(C) Sulfur dioxide
(D) Carbon monoxide

16. What is the main consequence of overfishing in oceans?
(A) Increased biodiversity
(B) Depletion of fish stocks
(C) Improved water quality
(D) Decreased carbon dioxide levels

17. Which type of energy is derived from the Earth’s heat?
(A) Solar energy
(B) Wind energy
(C) Geothermal energy
(D) Nuclear energy

18. Which of the following is an example of a non-point source pollution?
(A) Factory discharge
(B) Oil spill
(C) Industrial waste
(D) Runoff from agriculture

19. What is the primary cause of desertification?
(A) Excessive rainfall
(B) Deforestation
(C) Sustainable farming practices
(D) Reforestation

20. Which of the following is considered the most sustainable form of energy?
(A) Solar
(B) Oil
(C) Coal
(D) Natural gas

21. Biomagnification refers to:
(A) The increase in pollution levels in water
(B) The accumulation of pollutants in organisms higher up the food chain
(C) The increase in biomass in an ecosystem
(D) The process of recycling organic material

22. Which country is the largest emitter of carbon dioxide?
(A) United States
(B) Russia
(C) India
(D) China

23. What is the main environmental problem caused by the overuse of chemical fertilizers?
(A) Eutrophication
(B) Global warming
(C) Acid rain
(D) Ozone depletion

24. Which of the following is the best practice for reducing waste?
(A) Incineration
(B) Recycling
(C) Landfilling
(D) Dumping in oceans

25. The term “carbon footprint” refers to:
(A) The physical size of carbon deposits
(B) The total carbon dioxide emissions produced by an individual or organization
(C) The measurement of carbon content in soil
(D) The effect of carbon on global temperatures

26. Which of the following is a consequence of global warming?
(A) Reduced rainfall
(B) Decreased global temperatures
(C) Decreased greenhouse gases
(D) Rising sea levels

27. The Montreal Protocol is an international agreement to phase out which substance?
(A) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
(B) Methane
(C) Carbon dioxide
(D) Nitrous oxide

28. Which of the following is not a greenhouse gas?
(A) Methane
(B) Nitrous oxide
(C) Carbon dioxide
(D) Oxygen

29. Which of the following is a renewable resource?
(A) Coal
(B) Wind energy
(C) Natural gas
(D) Oil

30. Which of the following best describes the term “sustainable development”?
(A) Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
(B) Development that solely focuses on economic growth
(C) Development that uses only non-renewable resources
(D) Development that ignores environmental impacts

31. Which of the following practices helps in conserving water?
(A) Flood irrigation
(B) Deforestation
(C) Uncontrolled runoff
(D) Drip irrigation

32. What is the term for the variety of living species on Earth?
(A) Habitat
(B) Population
(C) Biodiversity
(D) Community

33. Which of the following is an effect of deforestation?
(A) Soil conservation
(B) Habitat destruction
(C) Increased air quality
(D) Climate stabilization

34. What does “biodegradable” mean?
(A) Harmful to the environment
(B) Resistant to decomposition
(C) Made of synthetic materials
(D) Capable of being decomposed by bacteria or other living organisms

35. Which is the largest ecosystem on Earth?
(A) Ocean
(B) Desert
(C) Rainforest
(D) Tundra

36. What is the main consequence of ozone layer depletion?
(A) Increased UV radiation reaching the Earth
(B) Global cooling
(C) Decrease in greenhouse gases
(D) Reduced air pollution

37. What is the primary source of energy for the Earth’s climate system?
(A) Geothermal energy
(B) Wind energy
(C) Solar energy
(D) Tidal energy

38. What does “sustainable agriculture” involve?
(A) Maximizing short-term yields without concern for environmental impact
(B) Exclusive reliance on monoculture
(C) Intensive use of pesticides and fertilizers
(D) Reducing chemical inputs and promoting biodiversity

39. Which of the following is a major consequence of melting polar ice caps?
(A) Increased biodiversity
(B) Rise in sea levels
(C) Decreased sea levels
(D) Reduced global temperatures

40. What is “desertification”?
(A) The conversion of deserts into farmland
(B) The increase in desert temperatures
(C) The process by which fertile land becomes desert
(D) The restoration of desert ecosystems

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