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Environmental Geology MCQs

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1. What is the study of the relationship between geological processes and the environment called?





2. Which of the following is a primary source of natural groundwater contamination?





3. What type of rock is formed from the accumulation and compaction of sediment?





4. What geological process is responsible for the formation of mountains?





5. Which of the following is a common method of mitigating landslides?





6. What is the term for the process by which rocks are broken down into smaller particles by physical or chemical means?





7. Which type of rock is formed by the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?





8. What is the term for the zone where groundwater is stored and transmitted through porous rock or sediment?





9. Which of the following processes is a significant factor in the formation of sinkholes?





10. What is the name for the geological phenomenon where rocks are folded or faulted due to tectonic forces?





11. Which of the following is a common method used to prevent soil erosion?





12. What type of geological hazard involves the rapid movement of rock and soil down a slope?





13. Which rock type is characterized by layers or bands of minerals that have been changed by heat and pressure?





14. What is the primary cause of groundwater depletion?





15. What is the name for the underground layer of rock or sediment that holds and transmits water?





16. Which geological hazard is often associated with volcanic activity and involves the flow of molten rock?





17. What is the term for the boundary where two tectonic plates meet?





18. Which of the following is a method used to assess soil contamination?





19. What is the primary factor causing coastal erosion?





20. Which of the following is a common source of non-point source pollution?





21. What type of geological formation is characterized by a dome-shaped structure created by the upward movement of magma?





22. Which type of fault involves horizontal movement of rock layers?





23. What is the term for the geological study of the Earth’s past climates and environments?





24. Which of the following is a common method for stabilizing slopes and preventing landslides?





25. What geological process is responsible for the formation of sedimentary rock layers?





26. What type of rock is formed from the accumulation of organic materials, such as plant debris?





27. What is the term for the gradual wearing away of the Earth’s surface by wind, water, or ice?





28. Which of the following processes can contribute to the formation of a sinkhole?





29. What type of geological hazard involves the sudden shaking of the ground due to tectonic activity?





30. What is the term for the geological study of the Earth’s internal structure and the processes that shape it?





31. Which of the following is a consequence of excessive groundwater extraction?





32. What is the term for the study of the Earth’s physical features and processes, including landforms and soil?





33. Which of the following is a method for managing and mitigating flood risk?





34. What is the primary source of pollution from mining activities?





35. What type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of molten magma below the Earth’s surface?





36. Which of the following is a major factor influencing coastal erosion?





37. What is the term for the process by which rocks are transformed from one type to another through heat and pressure?





38. What is the name for the geological process that involves the sinking of the Earth’s crust into the mantle?





39. Which of the following can be an environmental impact of quarrying?





40. What is the primary factor that drives the movement of tectonic plates?





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