Biodiversity and Conservation MCQs

1. What is biodiversity? A) The variety of life forms on Earth B) The amount of water in ecosystems C) The distribution of soil types D) The climate of different regions Answer: A) The variety of life forms on Earth 2. Which of the following is a primary benefit of biodiversity? A) Enhancing ecosystem resilience B) Increasing pollution levels C) Reducing soil fertility D) Decreasing water availability Answer: A) Enhancing ecosystem resilience 3. What is the term for a species that is at risk of extinction in the near future? A) Endangered B) Extinct C) Vulnerable D) Critically Endangered Answer: A) Endangered 4. Which international agreement aims to protect biodiversity and ensure sustainable use of its components? A) Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) B) Paris Agreement C) Kyoto Protocol D) Montreal Protocol Answer: A) Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) 5. What is ‘conservation biology’? A) The scientific study of protecting and managing biodiversity B) The process of creating new species C) The study of soil chemistry D) The analysis of economic impacts of ecosystems Answer: A) The scientific study of protecting and managing biodiversity 6. Which term refers to the loss of a species from a particular habitat? A) Extirpation B) Extinction C) Overexploitation D) Endangerment Answer: A) Extirpation 7. What is ‘habitat fragmentation’? A) The process where large habitats are broken into smaller, isolated patches B) The increase of habitat size C) The restoration of natural habitats D) The conservation of entire ecosystems Answer: A) The process where large habitats are broken into smaller, isolated patches 8. Which of the following is an example of an invasive species? A) European starlings in North America B) Native oak trees in Europe C) Giant pandas in China D) African elephants in Africa Answer: A) European starlings in North America 9. What does the term ‘endemic species’ refer to? A) Species that are native to a particular region and found nowhere else B) Species that are found in multiple continents C) Species that have become extinct D) Species that migrate seasonally Answer: A) Species that are native to a particular region and found nowhere else 10. Which of the following is a major cause of biodiversity loss? A) Habitat destruction B) Increased conservation efforts C) Sustainable land use D) Protected areas Answer: A) Habitat destruction 11. What is ‘ecosystem service’? A) The benefits humans receive from ecosystems B) The financial cost of conserving biodiversity C) The process of creating new ecosystems D) The measurement of species richness Answer: A) The benefits humans receive from ecosystems 12. What is ‘overexploitation’? A) The excessive use of resources leading to depletion B) The balanced use of natural resources C) The protection of endangered species D) The restoration of habitats Answer: A) The excessive use of resources leading to depletion 13. Which of the following is a key factor in conservation planning? A) Identifying critical habitats B) Expanding urban areas C) Increasing pollution D) Ignoring climate change Answer: A) Identifying critical habitats 14. What is ‘sustainable use’ in the context of biodiversity conservation? A) Using resources in a way that does not deplete them for future generations B) Exploiting resources as quickly as possible C) Increasing resource extraction D) Ignoring environmental regulations Answer: A) Using resources in a way that does not deplete them for future generations 15. Which organization is known for its work in protecting endangered species and their habitats? A) World Wildlife Fund (WWF) B) World Health Organization (WHO) C) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) D) International Monetary Fund (IMF) Answer: A) World Wildlife Fund (WWF) 16. What does ‘biological magnification’ refer to? A) The process by which toxins become more concentrated at higher trophic levels B) The increase in species diversity over time C) The expansion of natural habitats D) The process of photosynthesis Answer: A) The process by which toxins become more concentrated at higher trophic levels 17. What is ‘genetic diversity’? A) The variety of genes within a species B) The number of species in an ecosystem C) The different types of ecosystems D) The range of habitats in a region Answer: A) The variety of genes within a species 18. Which of the following is a method of in-situ conservation? A) Establishing protected areas such as national parks and wildlife reserves B) Breeding endangered species in captivity C) Restoring degraded habitats D) Creating seed banks Answer: A) Establishing protected areas such as national parks and wildlife reserves 19. What is ‘ex situ conservation’? A) The conservation of species outside their natural habitats B) The protection of ecosystems in their natural environments C) The restoration of polluted habitats D) The expansion of natural reserves Answer: A) The conservation of species outside their natural habitats 20. What does ‘biome’ refer to? A) A large ecological area with specific climate and plant/animal life B) A small-scale habitat C) An artificial ecosystem D) A type of genetic diversity Answer: A) A large ecological area with specific climate and plant/animal life 21. Which of the following is a ‘keystone species’? A) A species that has a disproportionately large effect on its environment B) A species that is the most numerous in an ecosystem C) A species that migrates between different habitats D) A species that is endangered Answer: A) A species that has a disproportionately large effect on its environment 22. What is ‘ecosystem restoration’? A) The process of returning a degraded ecosystem to its natural state B) The expansion of urban areas C) The removal of invasive species D) The creation of artificial habitats Answer: A) The process of returning a degraded ecosystem to its natural state 23. Which of the following is an example of a conservation strategy for marine biodiversity? A) Establishing marine protected areas B) Increasing fishing quotas C) Polluting coastal waters D) Reducing marine reserves Answer: A) Establishing marine protected areas 24. What is ‘biological diversity’ in agriculture? A) The variety of plant and animal species used in farming B) The amount of water used in agriculture C) The types of farming equipment used D) The size of agricultural land plots Answer: A) The variety of plant and animal species used in farming 25. What is the ‘Red List’? A) A list of threatened and endangered species maintained by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) B) A list of non-endangered species C) A list of invasive species D) A list of extinct species Answer: A) A list of threatened and endangered species maintained by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) 26. What is ‘ecosystem fragmentation’? A) The division of a habitat into smaller, isolated patches B) The expansion of a habitat area C) The increase in species diversity D) The restoration of natural habitats Answer: A) The division of a habitat into smaller, isolated patches 27. Which of the following is a major threat to coral reefs? A) Ocean acidification B) Increased biodiversity C) Coral conservation D) Marine protected areas Answer: A) Ocean acidification 28. What is ‘biodiversity hotspot’? A) A region with a high level of species richness and endemism that is under threat B) An area with low species diversity C) A region where biodiversity is increasing D) A protected area with limited human activity Answer: A) A region with a high level of species richness and endemism that is under threat 29. Which organization is primarily responsible for assessing global biodiversity status and trends? A) International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) B) United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) C) World Health Organization (WHO) D) Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Answer: A) International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) 30. What is ‘wildlife trafficking’? A) The illegal trade of wildlife and wildlife products B) The conservation of endangered species C) The legal trade of wildlife D) The monitoring of wildlife populations Answer: A) The illegal trade of wildlife and wildlife products 31. Which of the following practices can contribute to conservation? A) Reducing, reusing, and recycling materials B) Expanding agricultural land C) Polluting natural water sources D) Increasing habitat destruction Answer: A) Reducing, reusing, and recycling materials 32. What is ‘ecological succession’? A) The gradual process by which ecosystems change and develop over time B) The sudden replacement of one ecosystem by another C) The permanent alteration of an ecosystem D) The decline of species in an ecosystem Answer: A) The gradual process by which ecosystems change and develop over time 33. Which of the following is a benefit of protecting biodiversity? A) Providing essential ecosystem services B) Increasing pollution C) Decreasing food security D) Reducing economic opportunities Answer: A) Providing essential ecosystem services 34. What role do pollinators play in ecosystems? A) They help in the reproduction of flowering plants B) They destroy crops C) They reduce plant diversity D) They have no ecological role Answer: A) They help in the reproduction of flowering plants 35. What is the main cause of climate change that impacts biodiversity? A) Greenhouse gas emissions B) Increase in biodiversity C) Restoration of habitats D) Conservation efforts Answer: A) Greenhouse gas emissions 36. Which of the following is an approach to sustainable agriculture? A) Integrated Pest Management (IPM) B) Monoculture farming C) Excessive chemical use D) Habitat destruction Answer: A) Integrated Pest Management (IPM) 37. What is ‘conservation genetics’? A) The study of genetic variation within species for conservation purposes B) The creation of new genetic modifications in species C) The analysis of genetic disorders in wildlife D) The study of the economic impacts of conservation Answer: A) The study of genetic variation within species for conservation purposes 38. What is the role of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES)? A) To regulate international trade of endangered species B) To promote the use of endangered species C) To protect only terrestrial species D) To ban all species trade Answer: A) To regulate international trade of endangered species 39. Which type of agriculture focuses on preserving biodiversity? A) Agroecology B) Industrial agriculture C) Monoculture farming D) Factory farming Answer: A) Agroecology 40. What does the term ‘sustainability’ refer to? A) Meeting the needs of the present without compromising future generations’ ability to meet their own needs B) The depletion of natural resources C) The overexploitation of ecosystems D) The increase in greenhouse gas emissions Answer: A) Meeting the needs of the present without compromising future generations’ ability to meet their own needs

Biodiversity and Conservation MCQs

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