Ecosystem Restoration MCQs

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1. . What is the primary goal of ecosystem restoration?
(A) Increase biodiversity
(B) Return an ecosystem to its original state
(C) Reduce carbon emissions
(D) Promote urban development

2. . A common technique used in ecosystem restoration is:
(A) Soil erosion control
(B) Urbanization
(C) Pollution
(D) Industrial expansion

3. . Restoration of wetland ecosystems is called:
(A) Reforestation
(B) Reclamation
(C) Wetland rehabilitation
(D) Afforestation

4. . Which ecosystem has dense trees and a closed canopy?
(A) Desert
(B) Grassland
(C) Tropical rainforest
(D) Tundra

5. . Why are native species planted in restoration projects?
(A) Increase agriculture
(B) Enhance biodiversity and ecological balance
(C) Reduce soil fertility
(D) Support invasive species

6. . Removing invasive species is known as:
(A) Restoration planting
(B) Habitat fragmentation
(C) Invasive species management
(D) Soil contamination

7. . A keystone species is one that:
(A) Has little environmental impact
(B) Is restored first
(C) Maintains ecosystem structure
(D) Competes with all species

8. . Ecological succession refers to:
(A) Gradual ecosystem change over time
(B) Immediate restoration
(C) Species extinction
(D) Introduction of non-native species

9. . A key goal of river restoration is:
(A) Increase sedimentation
(B) Improve water quality and habitat
(C) Decrease biodiversity
(D) Promote industry

10. . Role of riparian zones:
(A) Provide habitat for aquatic species
(B) Increase erosion
(C) Reduce filtration
(D) Promote urbanization

11. . Buffer zones are created to:
(A) Increase human activity
(B) Protect restored areas
(C) Reduce restoration size
(D) Enhance erosion

12. . Example of habitat restoration technique:
(A) Controlled burns
(B) Urban expansion
(C) Chemical pollution
(D) Soil depletion

13. . Main challenge in coral reef restoration:
(A) High temperature and ocean acidification
(B) Nutrient reduction
(C) Urbanization
(D) Low biodiversity

14. . Reintroduction of native species is called:
(A) Rewilding
(B) Afforestation
(C) Urban planning
(D) Industrialization

15. . Biodiversity is important because it:
(A) Complicates restoration
(B) Enhances ecosystem resilience
(C) Reduces effectiveness
(D) Eliminates invasives

16. . A restoration baseline is:
(A) Current ecosystem state
(B) Future ecosystem state
(C) Historical reference condition
(D) Final restoration step

17. . Soil erosion can be prevented by:
(A) Installing sediment traps
(B) Construction expansion
(C) Vegetation removal
(D) Pesticide use

18. . Role of seed banks:
(A) Store seeds for future restoration
(B) Increase fertility
(C) Manage invasives
(D) Create new species

19. . Restoring forests by planting trees is:
(A) Reforestation
(B) Desertification
(C) Urbanization
(D) Aquaculture

20. . Benefit of using natural processes:
(A) Cost-effective and sustainable
(B) Faster restoration
(C) No monitoring needed
(D) Increased pollution

21. . Monitoring in restoration helps to:
(A) Assess effectiveness and adapt management
(B) Increase costs
(C) Limit stakeholders
(D) Reduce biodiversity

22. . Restoration focused on agriculture is:
(A) Agroecological restoration
(B) Urban restoration
(C) Coastal restoration
(D) Forest restoration

23. . Climate change affects restoration by:
(A) Having no impact
(B) Altering species distribution and functions
(C) Improving outcomes
(D) Simplifying planning

24. . Restoration involving local communities:
(A) Community-based restoration
(B) Top-down restoration
(C) Industrial restoration
(D) Government-only restoration

25. . Restoring degraded farmland involves:
(A) Crop rotation and cover crops
(B) More pesticides
(C) Monoculture expansion
(D) Reduced organic matter

26. . Indicator of successful wetland restoration:
(A) Increased sedimentation
(B) Improved water quality and diversity
(C) Reduced plant growth
(D) More pollution

27. . Natural regeneration means:
(A) Ecosystem recovery without intervention
(B) Planting non-native species
(C) Soil-only restoration
(D) Increased deforestation

28. . Grassland restoration requires:
(A) Removing invasives and planting natives
(B) Increased grazing
(C) Urban expansion
(D) Reduced fertility

29. . Ecological models are used to:
(A) Predict outcomes and guide decisions
(B) Increase costs
(C) Replace fieldwork
(D) Avoid monitoring

30. . Restoring natural processes focuses on:
(A) Process-based restoration
(B) Species-specific restoration
(C) Structural restoration
(D) Habitat-specific restoration

31. . A reference ecosystem is:
(A) A model ecosystem for restoration
(B) Pollution-free ecosystem
(C) Highly polluted ecosystem
(D) Fully restored ecosystem

32. . Challenge in arid ecosystem restoration:
(A) Limited water availability
(B) Excess rainfall
(C) Dense vegetation
(D) Low temperature

33. . Goal of riparian restoration:
(A) Improve water quality and aquatic habitats
(B) Increase urban growth
(C) Reduce flow
(D) Promote erosion

34. . Using local knowledge in restoration is:
(A) Traditional ecological knowledge
(B) Industrial restoration
(C) Remote sensing
(D) Global standards

35. . Habitat fragmentation refers to:
(A) Breaking habitats into isolated patches
(B) Merging habitats
(C) Creating diversity
(D) Enhancing connectivity

36. . NGOs in restoration:
(A) Lead community projects and awareness
(B) Focus on economics only
(C) Discourage participation
(D) Limit funding

37. . Benefit of coastal ecosystem restoration:
(A) Increased flooding
(B) Better fish habitat and water quality
(C) Reduced biodiversity
(D) Less tourism

38. . Ecological assessments are done to:
(A) Identify ecosystem health and needs
(B) Reduce costs
(C) Increase awareness only
(D) Simplify restoration

39. . Community involvement improves restoration by:
(A) Providing local knowledge and support
(B) Increasing bureaucracy
(C) Reducing funding
(D) Delaying decisions

40. . Impact of invasive species:
(A) Disrupt ecosystems and outcompete natives
(B) Always increase biodiversity
(C) No ecosystem impact
(D) Improve soil quality

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