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Environmental Microbiology MCQs

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1. What is the term for microorganisms that thrive in extreme environmental conditions?





2. What is the primary role of microorganisms in biogeochemical cycles?





3. Which type of microorganism is involved in nitrogen fixation in soil?





4. What is the process by which microorganisms break down organic matter in the environment?





5. Which microorganism is commonly used in the treatment of wastewater due to its ability to degrade organic pollutants?





6. What is the role of mycorrhizal fungi in the ecosystem?





7. What is the term for microorganisms that are adapted to high salt concentrations?





8. What is the term for the microorganisms that live in extreme temperatures, such as hot springs?





9. Which type of microorganism is primarily involved in the breakdown of cellulose in the environment?





10. What is the term for the process where microorganisms convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia?





11. What is the process of converting ammonia into nitrites and nitrates in the soil?





12. What is the term for the conversion of nitrates back into atmospheric nitrogen by microorganisms?





13. Which microorganism is commonly used in bioremediation to degrade oil spills?





14. What is the term for microorganisms that break down organic material in composting processes?





15. What is the role of cyanobacteria in the environment?





16. What is the primary role of microorganisms in the soil ecosystem?





17. What type of microorganism is used to clean up oil spills in bioremediation?





18. What is the term for microorganisms that can live in extremely acidic environments?





19. Which microorganism is often used in the production of antibiotics?





20. What is the term for the study of microorganisms in natural and man-made environments?





21. What is the primary function of bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?





22. What is the term for the microorganisms that thrive in cold temperatures?





23. Which microorganism is involved in the fermentation process of dairy products?





24. What is the term for microorganisms that are used to degrade pollutants in the environment?





25. What is the role of fungi in nutrient cycling?





26. What is the term for the process where microorganisms convert organic matter into methane and carbon dioxide?





27. What is the primary role of microorganisms in composting?





28. Which microorganism is essential for the breakdown of lignin in plant material?





29. What is the term for microorganisms that are involved in the breakdown of pollutants in contaminated environments?





30. Which microorganism is used in the production of ethanol from plant materials?





31. What is the term for microorganisms that can survive in environments with very low pH?





32. What is the term for microorganisms that can survive in environments with very high pH?





33. What is the term for microorganisms that are used to break down toxic chemicals in contaminated environments?





34. What is the term for the process where microorganisms are used to remove contaminants from water or soil?





35. Which type of microorganism is used in the production of vinegar?





36. What is the term for the process where microorganisms are used to enhance soil fertility?





37. What is the term for microorganisms that help in the breakdown of organic matter in landfills?





38. What is the term for microorganisms that live in environments with high levels of radiation?





39. Which microorganism is used to produce antibiotics such as penicillin?





40. What is the term for the study of microorganisms in relation to human health?





41. What is the primary role of bacteria in the carbon cycle?





42. Which type of microorganism is often found in extreme environments, such as hydrothermal vents?





43. What is the term for microorganisms that can survive without oxygen?





44. Which microorganism is known for its role in producing lactic acid during fermentation?





45. What is the term for the process by which microorganisms convert sugar into alcohol?





46. What is the primary function of yeast in bread making?





47. Which microorganism is responsible for the spoilage of food?





48. What is the term for microorganisms that can cause disease?





49. What is the primary role of microorganisms in the nutrient cycle?





50. Which microorganism is commonly used in the production of yogurt?





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