Physiology of animals MCQs
1. Which organ system is responsible for regulating and coordinating body activities?
a) Muscular system
b) Nervous system
c) Respiratory system
d) Digestive system
Answer: b) Nervous system
2. What is the primary function of the respiratory system in animals?
a) Transporting nutrients
b) Maintaining water balance
c) Exchanging gases
d) Regulating body temperature
Answer: c) Exchanging gases
3. In mammals, gas exchange occurs primarily in which structure?
a) Lungs
b) Gills
c) Skin
d) Tracheae
Answer: a) Lungs
4. Which of the following is NOT a function of the circulatory system?
a) Transporting nutrients and oxygen
b) Removing metabolic wastes
c) Producing hormones
d) Regulating body temperature
Answer: c) Producing hormones
5. Blood is pumped away from the heart by which vessels?
a) Veins
b) Capillaries
c) Arteries
d) Lymphatic vessels
Answer: c) Arteries
6. What is the function of red blood cells?
a) Transporting oxygen
b) Fighting infections
c) Producing antibodies
d) Carrying nutrients
Answer: a) Transporting oxygen
7. Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood glucose levels in animals?
a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Cortisol
d) Thyroxine
Answer: a) Insulin
8. The process by which food is broken down into smaller molecules that can be absorbed is known as:
a) Digestion
b) Respiration
c) Circulation
d) Excretion
Answer: a) Digestion
9. Which enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of carbohydrates in the mouth?
a) Amylase
b) Pepsin
c) Lipase
d) Trypsin
Answer: a) Amylase
10. Where does the majority of nutrient absorption occur in the digestive system?
a) Stomach
b) Large intestine
c) Small intestine
d) Liver
Answer: c) Small intestine
11. Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?
a) Detoxification
b) Production of bile
c) Storage of glucose
d) Production of insulin
Answer: d) Production of insulin
12. What is the main function of the excretory system in animals?
a) Regulating blood pressure
b) Balancing water and electrolytes
c) Synthesizing hormones
d) Producing antibodies
Answer: b) Balancing water and electrolytes
13. In mammals, what is the primary organ of the excretory system?
a) Kidneys
b) Liver
c) Bladder
d) Skin
Answer: a) Kidneys
14. Which of the following is NOT a component of the nephron?
a) Glomerulus
b) Loop of Henle
c) Ureter
d) Collecting duct
Answer: c) Ureter
15. Which hormone regulates water reabsorption in the kidneys?
a) Aldosterone
b) Insulin
c) Vasopressin (ADH)
d) Epinephrine
Answer: c) Vasopressin (ADH)
16. What is the function of the nervous system?
a) Controlling voluntary movements
b) Regulating body temperature
c) Transmitting electrical signals
d) Producing hormones
Answer: c) Transmitting electrical signals
17. Which cells transmit electrical impulses in the nervous system?
a) Neurons
b) Glial cells
c) Red blood cells
d) White blood cells
Answer: a) Neurons
18. What is the gap between two neurons called?
a) Synapse
b) Axon
c) Dendrite
d) Myelin sheath
Answer: a) Synapse
19. Which neurotransmitter is associated with feelings of pleasure and reward?
a) Serotonin
b) Dopamine
c) Acetylcholine
d) GABA
Answer: b) Dopamine
20. Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating basic functions such as breathing and heart rate?
a) Cerebrum
b) Cerebellum
c) Medulla oblongata
d) Hypothalamus
Answer: c) Medulla oblongata
21. What is the role of the endocrine system in animals?
a) Regulating metabolism
b) Transmitting nerve impulses
c) Providing structural support
d) Filtering blood
Answer: a) Regulating metabolism
22. Which gland is known as the “master gland” because it controls the functions of other endocrine glands?
a) Pituitary gland
b) Thyroid gland
c) Adrenal gland
d) Pancreas
Answer: a) Pituitary gland
23. Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood calcium levels?
a) Insulin
b) Estrogen
c) Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
d) Glucagon
Answer: c) Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
24. What is the primary function of the reproductive system in animals?
a) Regulating body temperature
b) Producing hormones
c) Maintaining homeostasis
d) Reproduction
Answer: d) Reproduction
25. In mammals, where does fertilization typically occur?
a) Ovary
b) Uterus
c) Fallopian tube
d) Vagina
Answer: c) Fallopian tube
26. Which hormone is responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics?
a) Estrogen
b) Testosterone
c) Progesterone
d) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Answer: b) Testosterone
27. What is the role of the immune system in animals?
a) Pumping blood
b) Fighting infections
c) Producing hormones
d) Digesting food
Answer: b) Fighting infections
28. Which cells are responsible for engulfing and digesting pathogens in the immune system?
a) B cells
b) T cells
c) Macrophages
d) Neutrophils
Answer: c) Macrophages
29. Which of the following is NOT a type of white blood cell?
a) Erythrocyte
b) Lymphocyte
c) Monocyte
d) Basophil
Answer: a) Erythrocyte
30. Which of the following is an example of passive immunity?
a) Vaccination
b) Breastfeeding
c) Antibiotic treatment
d) Organ transplant
Answer: b) Breastfeeding
31. What is the role of the integumentary system in animals?
a) Regulating body temperature
b) Digesting food
c) Pumping blood
d) Transmitting electrical signals
Answer: a) Regulating body temperature
32. Which layer of the skin contains blood vessels, nerve endings, and hair follicles?
a) Epidermis
b) Dermis
c) Hypodermis
d) Keratin layer
Answer: b) Dermis
33. What is the primary function of sweat glands?
a) Producing hormones
b) Regulating body temperature
c) Absorbing nutrients
d) Transmitting nerve impulses
Answer: b) Regulating body temperature
34. Which of the following is NOT a sense organ in animals?
a) Eyes
b) Ears
c) Heart
d) Nose
Answer: c) Heart
35. Which part of the eye is responsible for focusing light onto the retina?
a) Cornea
b) Iris
c) Lens
d) Retina
Answer: c) Lens
36. What is the function of the cochlea in the ear?
a) Balancing
b) Hearing
c) Smelling
d) Tasting
Answer: b) Hearing
37. Which of the following is NOT a taste sensation?
a) Sweet
b) Sour
c) Spicy
d) Bitter
Answer: c) Spicy
38. What is the primary function of the skeletal system in animals?
a) Pumping blood
b) Providing structural support
c) Regulating body temperature
d) Producing hormones
Answer: b) Providing structural support
39. Which type of muscle is responsible for involuntary movements such as heart contractions?
a) Skeletal muscle
b) Smooth muscle
c) Cardiac muscle
d) Striated muscle
Answer: c) Cardiac muscle
40. Which structure connects bones to other bones?
a) Ligament
b) Tendon
c) Cartilage
d) Joint
Answer: a) Ligament
41. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating bone growth in animals?
a) Estrogen
b) Testosterone
c) Growth hormone
d) Thyroxine
Answer: c) Growth hormone
42. Which of the following is NOT a function of the muscular system?
a) Producing movement
b) Maintaining posture
c) Storing nutrients
d) Generating heat
Answer: c) Storing nutrients
43. Which part of the brain is responsible for coordinating muscle movements?
a) Cerebrum
b) Cerebellum
c) Medulla oblongata
d) Hypothalamus
Answer: b) Cerebellum
44. What is the function of the synovial fluid in joints?
a) Providing nutrients to bones
b) Lubricating the joint
c) Transmitting nerve impulses
d) Regulating body temperature
Answer: b) Lubricating the joint
45. Which of the following is NOT a component of blood?
a) Red blood cells
b) White blood cells
c) Platelets
d) Neurons
Answer: d) Neurons
46. What is the function of platelets in the blood?
a) Carrying oxygen
b) Fighting infections
c) Clotting blood
d) Transporting nutrients
Answer: c) Clotting blood
47. Which of the following is NOT a type of blood vessel?
a) Artery
b) Vein
c) Capillary
d) Lymphatic vessel
Answer: d) Lymphatic vessel
48. What is the function of valves in veins?
a) Pumping blood
b) Preventing backflow of blood
c) Clotting blood
d) Regulating blood pressure
Answer: b) Preventing backflow of blood
49. Which of the following is NOT a component of urine?
a) Urea
b) Water
c) Glucose
d) Salts
Answer: c) Glucose
50. What is the primary function of the hypothalamus in the endocrine system?
a) Producing hormones
b) Regulating body temperature
c) Controlling hunger and thirst
d) Storing nutrients
Answer: c) Controlling hunger and thirst