1. What is the primary function of the immune system in animals?
a) Regulation of body temperature
b) Maintenance of blood glucose levels
c) Defense against pathogens
d) Digestion of food
Answer: c) Defense against pathogens
2. Which of the following is not a type of white blood cell involved in the immune response?
a) Neutrophil
b) Erythrocyte
c) Lymphocyte
d) Macrophage
Answer: b) Erythrocyte
3. What is the role of antibodies in the immune response?
a) Phagocytosis of pathogens
b) Activation of T cells
c) Neutralization and tagging of pathogens for destruction
d) Regulation of inflammation
Answer: c) Neutralization and tagging of pathogens for destruction
4. Which type of immunity is acquired through exposure to a pathogen or vaccine?
a) Innate immunity
b) Active immunity
c) Passive immunity
d) Adaptive immunity
Answer: b) Active immunity
5. What is the function of the thymus gland in the immune system?
a) Production of antibodies
b) Maturation of T lymphocytes
c) Maturation of B lymphocytes
d) Activation of natural killer cells
Answer: b) Maturation of T lymphocytes
6. Which of the following is an example of a physical barrier in the immune system?
a) Antibodies
b) Mucus membranes
c) Interferons
d) Cytokines
Answer: b) Mucus membranes
7. What is the role of dendritic cells in the immune system?
a) Phagocytosis of pathogens
b) Activation of T cells
c) Production of antibodies
d) Killing infected cells
Answer: b) Activation of T cells
8. Which of the following is a function of the complement system?
a) Phagocytosis of pathogens
b) Activation of T cells
c) Opsonization of pathogens
d) Production of antibodies
Answer: c) Opsonization of pathogens
9. Which of the following is a characteristic of the innate immune system?
a) Specific recognition of pathogens
b) Memory response to pathogens
c) Rapid response to pathogens
d) Generation of antibodies
Answer: c) Rapid response to pathogens
10. What is the function of natural killer (NK) cells in the immune system?
a) Phagocytosis of pathogens
b) Production of antibodies
c) Killing infected cells
d) Activation of T cells
Answer: c) Killing infected cells
11. Which of the following is not a function of cytokines in the immune system?
a) Activation of immune cells
b) Regulation of inflammation
c) Killing of infected cells
d) Communication between immune cells
Answer: c) Killing of infected cells
12. What is the primary role of T lymphocytes (T cells) in the immune system?
a) Production of antibodies
b) Phagocytosis of pathogens
c) Killing infected cells
d) Recognition of pathogens
Answer: d) Recognition of pathogens
13. Which of the following is an example of a chemical barrier in the immune system?
a) Skin
b) Antibodies
c) Mucus
d) Neutrophils
Answer: b) Antibodies
14. What is the function of macrophages in the immune system?
a) Production of antibodies
b) Phagocytosis of pathogens
c) Killing of infected cells
d) Activation of B cells
Answer: b) Phagocytosis of pathogens
15. Which of the following is a function of B lymphocytes (B cells) in the immune system?
a) Killing infected cells
b) Phagocytosis of pathogens
c) Production of antibodies
d) Activation of T cells
Answer: c) Production of antibodies
16. Which of the following is an example of a secondary lymphoid organ in the immune system?
a) Bone marrow
b) Thymus
c) Spleen
d) Liver
Answer: c) Spleen
17. What is the role of memory cells in the immune system?
a) Detection of pathogens
b) Regulation of inflammation
c) Rapid response to previously encountered pathogens
d) Killing of infected cells
Answer: c) Rapid response to previously encountered pathogens
18. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the adaptive immune system?
a) Specific recognition of pathogens
b) Memory response to pathogens
c) Rapid response to pathogens
d) Generation of antibodies
Answer: c) Rapid response to pathogens
19. What is the function of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the immune system?
a) Activation of cytokines
b) Phagocytosis of pathogens
c) Recognition of pathogens
d) Killing of infected cells
Answer: c) Recognition of pathogens
20. Which of the following is an example of a physical barrier in the immune system?
a) Skin
b) Antibodies
c) Complement proteins
d) Cytokines
Answer: a) Skin
21. What is the primary role of T lymphocytes (T cells) in the immune system?
a) Phagocytosis of pathogens
b) Killing infected cells
c) Production of antibodies
d) Recognition of pathogens
Answer: d) Recognition of pathogens
22. Which of the following is not a function of cytokines in the immune system?
a) Activation of immune cells
b) Regulation of inflammation
c) Killing of infected cells
d) Communication between immune cells
Answer: c) Killing of infected cells
23. What is the function of natural killer (NK) cells in the immune system?
a) Phagocytosis of pathogens
b) Production of antibodies
c) Killing of infected cells
d) Activation of T cells
Answer: c) Killing of infected cells
24. Which of the following is a characteristic of the innate immune system?
a) Specific recognition of pathogens
b) Memory response to pathogens
c) Rapid response to pathogens
d) Generation of antibodies
Answer: c) Rapid response to pathogens
25. What is the role of dendritic cells in the immune system?
a) Phagocytosis of pathogens
b) Activation of T cells
c) Production of antibodies
d) Killing of infected cells
Answer: b) Activation of T cells
26. Which of the following is not a function of the complement system?
a) Phagocytosis of pathogens
b) Activation of T cells
c) Opsonization of pathogens
d) Production of antibodies
Answer: b) Activation of T cells
27. What is the function of macrophages in the immune system?
a) Production of antibodies
b) Phagocytosis of pathogens
c) Killing of infected cells
d) Activation of B cells
Answer: b) Phagocytosis of pathogens
28. Which of the following is a function of B lymphocytes (B cells) in the immune system?
a) Killing infected cells
b) Phagocytosis of pathogens
c) Production of antibodies
d) Activation of T cells
Answer: c) Production of antibodies
29. Which of the following is an example of a secondary lymphoid organ in the immune system?
a) Bone marrow
b) Thymus
c) Spleen
d) Liver
Answer: c) Spleen
30. What is the role of memory cells in the immune system?
a) Detection of pathogens
b) Regulation of inflammation
c) Rapid response to previously encountered pathogens
d) Killing of infected cells
Answer: c) Rapid response to previously encountered pathogens
31. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the adaptive immune system?
a) Specific recognition of pathogens
b) Memory response to pathogens
c) Rapid response to pathogens
d) Generation of antibodies
Answer: c) Rapid response to pathogens
32. What is the function of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the immune system?
a) Activation of cytokines
b) Phagocytosis of pathogens
c) Recognition of pathogens
d) Killing of infected cells
Answer: c) Recognition of pathogens
33. Which of the following is an example of a physical barrier in the immune system?
a) Skin
b) Antibodies
c) Complement proteins
d) Cytokines
Answer: a) Skin
34. What is the primary role of T lymphocytes (T cells) in the immune system?
a) Phagocytosis of pathogens
b) Killing infected cells
c) Production of antibodies
d) Recognition of pathogens
Answer: d) Recognition of pathogens
35. Which of the following is not a function of cytokines in the immune system?
a) Activation of immune cells
b) Regulation of inflammation
c) Killing of infected cells
d) Communication between immune cells
Answer: c) Killing of infected cells
36. What is the function of natural killer (NK) cells in the immune system?
a) Phagocytosis of pathogens
b) Production of antibodies
c) Killing of infected cells
d) Activation of T cells
Answer: c) Killing of infected cells