1. What is conservation biology?
a) The study of wildlife in captivity
b) The study of preserving natural habitats
c) The study of managing invasive species
d) The study of animal behavior
Answer: b) The study of preserving natural habitats
2. Which of the following is not a primary goal of conservation biology?
a) Preserving biodiversity
b) Restoring degraded ecosystems
c) Maximizing human population growth
d) Preventing species extinction
Answer: c) Maximizing human population growth
3. What is the term for the loss of biodiversity caused by human activities?
a) Habitat fragmentation
b) Ecological restoration
c) Biodiversity crisis
d) Habitat conservation
Answer: c) Biodiversity crisis
4. Which of the following is not a threat to biodiversity?
a) Habitat destruction
b) Climate change
c) Wildlife conservation
d) Invasive species
Answer: c) Wildlife conservation
5. What is the primary focus of conservation genetics?
a) Preserving individual species
b) Conserving genetic diversity within populations
c) Managing invasive species
d) Captive breeding programs
Answer: b) Conserving genetic diversity within populations
6. Which of the following is not a strategy for conserving biodiversity?
a) Establishing protected areas
b) Habitat restoration
c) Overexploitation of natural resources
d) Sustainable development
Answer: c) Overexploitation of natural resources
7. What is the term for the process of bringing a species back from endangerment or near extinction?
a) Habitat preservation
b) Species reintroduction
c) Ex situ conservation
d) Genetic engineering
Answer: b) Species reintroduction
8. Which of the following is not a method of species reintroduction?
a) Release into the wild
b) Captive breeding
c) Translocation
d) Habitat destruction
Answer: d) Habitat destruction
9. What is the primary goal of captive breeding programs?
a) Provide entertainment for the public
b) Maintain genetic diversity of endangered species
c) Create new hybrid species
d) Increase human population growth
Answer: b) Maintain genetic diversity of endangered species
10. Which of the following is not a benefit of biodiversity conservation?
a) Ecotourism revenue
b) Preservation of ecosystem services
c) Accelerated species extinction
d) Pharmaceutical discoveries
Answer: c) Accelerated species extinction
11. What is the term for the practice of managing natural resources to ensure their sustainability for future generations?
a) Sustainable development
b) Overexploitation
c) Habitat destruction
d) Ecotourism
Answer: a) Sustainable development
12. Which of the following is not a strategy for sustainable resource management?
a) Clear-cutting forests
b) Selective harvesting
c) Aquaculture
d) Renewable energy development
Answer: a) Clear-cutting forests
13. What is the term for the intentional killing of a species to reduce its population size?
a) Conservation hunting
b) Poaching
c) Wildlife management
d) Culling
Answer: d) Culling
14. Which of the following is not a key principle of ecosystem-based management?
a) Adaptive management
b) Ecosystem resilience
c) Maximum sustainable yield
d) Precautionary approach
Answer: c) Maximum sustainable yield
15. What is the primary focus of habitat conservation?
a) Preserving individual species
b) Conserving genetic diversity within populations
c) Protecting entire ecosystems
d) Captive breeding programs
Answer: c) Protecting entire ecosystems
16. Which of the following is not a method of habitat restoration?
a) Reforestation
b) Wetland creation
c) Deforestation
d) Dam removal
Answer: c) Deforestation
17. What is the term for the intentional relocation of a species from one area to another?
a) Habitat fragmentation
b) Translocation
c) Ex situ conservation
d) Genetic engineering
Answer: b) Translocation
18. Which of the following is not a strategy for mitigating climate change impacts on biodiversity?
a) Creating protected areas
b) Reducing greenhouse gas emissions
c) Habitat restoration
d) Embracing deforestation
Answer: d) Embracing deforestation
19. What is the term for the protection of species and ecosystems in their natural habitat?
a) In situ conservation
b) Ex situ conservation
c) Habitat fragmentation
d) Ecotourism
Answer: a) In situ conservation
20. Which of the following is not a benefit of habitat corridors?
a) Facilitating animal movement
b) Increasing genetic diversity
c) Promoting habitat fragmentation
d) Reducing inbreeding
Answer: c) Promoting habitat fragmentation
21. What is the primary purpose of the Endangered Species Act (ESA)?
a) Protecting habitat for all species
b) Preventing human population growth
c) Preserving biodiversity by protecting endangered species
d) Promoting hunting and fishing activities
Answer: c) Preserving biodiversity by protecting endangered species
22. Which of the following is not a criteria used to determine a species’ conservation status?
a) Population size
b) Habitat destruction
c) Reproductive rate
d) Geographic range
Answer: b) Habitat destruction
23. What is the term for the practice of valuing and protecting all species regardless of their perceived usefulness to humans?
a) Biodiversity conservation
b) Utilitarian conservation
c) Ecocentrism
d) Preservationism
Answer: c) Ecocentrism
24. Which of the following is not a principle of sustainable development?
a) Economic growth at any cost
b) Environmental protection
c) Social equity
d) Inter-generational equity
Answer: a) Economic growth at any cost
25. What is the term for the practice of prioritizing conservation efforts based on the urgency of protecting species and ecosystems?
a) Adaptive management
b) Ecosystem resilience
c) Triaging
d) Precautionary approach
Answer: c) Triaging
26. Which of the following is not a strategy for conserving marine biodiversity?
a) Establishing marine protected areas
b) Regulating fishing practices
c) Encouraging overfishing
d) Reducing marine pollution
Answer: c) Encouraging overfishing
27. What is the term for the removal of invasive species to protect native biodiversity?
a) Conservation hunting
b) Poaching
c) Biocontrol
d) Overexploitation
Answer: c) Biocontrol
28. Which of the following is not a key principle of sustainable fisheries management?
a) Maximum sustainable yield
b) Ecosystem-based management
c) Tragedy of the commons
d) Precautionary approach
Answer: c) Tragedy of the commons
29. What is the term for the process of identifying and protecting critical habitat areas for endangered species?
a) Habitat restoration
b) Habitat conservation planning
c) Habitat fragmentation
d) Habitat corridors
Answer: b) Habitat conservation planning
30. Which of the following is not a strategy for conserving freshwater biodiversity?
a) Protecting riparian zones
b) Reducing water pollution
c) Dredging rivers
d) Restoring wetlands
Answer: c) Dredging rivers
31. What is the term for the practice of valuing and protecting ecosystems and landscapes for their intrinsic worth?
a) Utilitarian conservation
b) Ecocentrism
c) Preservationism
d) Anthropocentrism
Answer: b) Ecocentrism
32. Which of the following is not a method of conserving genetic diversity?
a) Maintaining large populations
b) Genetic engineering
c) Captive breeding programs
d) Habitat restoration
Answer: b) Genetic engineering
33. What is the term for the intentional killing of wildlife without legal permission?
a) Conservation hunting
b) Poaching
c) Wildlife management
d) Culling
Answer: b) Poaching
34. Which of the following is not a component of adaptive management?
a) Monitoring
b) Assessment
c) Prescriptive regulations
d) Evaluation
Answer: c) Prescriptive regulations
35. What is the term for the practice of promoting conservation goals through responsible travel and recreation?
a) Sustainable tourism
b) Ecotourism
c) Adventure tourism
d) Mass tourism
Answer: b) Ecotourism
36. Which of the following is not a threat to marine biodiversity?
a) Overfishing
b) Coastal development
c) Marine protected areas
d) Climate change
Answer: c) Marine protected areas
37. What is the term for the practice of managing forests to ensure their sustainability for future generations?
a) Sustainable forestry
b) Deforestation
c) Clear-cutting
d) Selective harvesting
Answer: a) Sustainable forestry
38. Which of the following is not a principle of habitat conservation planning?
a) Identifying critical habitat areas
b) Establishing buffer zones
c) Encouraging urban sprawl
d) Minimizing habitat fragmentation
Answer: c) Encouraging urban sprawl
39. What is the term for the practice of designing and managing landscapes to support biodiversity?
a) Landscape fragmentation
b) Landscape conservation
c) Landscape ecology
d) Landscape restoration
Answer: c) Landscape ecology
40. Which of the following is not a strategy for conserving grassland biodiversity?
a) Prescribed burning
b) Conversion to agriculture
c) Grazing management
d) Habitat restoration
Answer: b) Conversion to agriculture
41. What is the term for the process of restoring degraded ecosystems to a more natural state?
a) Ecological restoration
b) Habitat conservation
c) In situ conservation
d) Ex situ conservation
Answer: a) Ecological restoration
42. Which of the following is not a benefit of restoring degraded ecosystems?
a) Increased biodiversity
b) Enhanced ecosystem services
c) Accelerated habitat destruction
d) Improved water quality
Answer: c) Accelerated habitat destruction
43. What is the term for the practice of reducing resource consumption and waste production?
a) Conservation biology
b) Sustainable development
c) Resource management
d) Waste reduction
Answer: d) Waste reduction
44. Which of the following is not a threat to coral reef biodiversity?
a) Ocean acidification
b) Overfishing
c) Marine protected areas
d) Coral bleaching
Answer: c) Marine protected areas
45. What is the term for the practice of protecting and restoring wetlands to enhance biodiversity and ecosystem services?
a) Wetland conservation
b) Wetland restoration
c) Wetland fragmentation
d) Wetland degradation
Answer: b) Wetland restoration
46. Which of the following is not a benefit of conserving biodiversity?
a) Preservation of ecosystem services
b) Economic growth at any cost
c) Ecotourism revenue
d) Pharmaceutical discoveries
Answer: b) Economic growth at any cost
47. What is the term for the intentional removal of trees from a forested area?
a) Deforestation
b) Reforestation
c) Selective harvesting
d) Clear-cutting
Answer: a) Deforestation
48. Which of the following is not a principle of sustainable agriculture?
a) Crop rotation
b) Monoculture
c) Integrated pest management
d) Soil conservation
Answer: b) Monoculture
49. What is the term for the process of relocating endangered species to protect them from extinction?
a) Habitat restoration
b) Species reintroduction
c) Habitat conservation planning
d) Habitat fragmentation
Answer: b) Species reintroduction
50. Which of the following is not a strategy for conserving desert biodiversity?
a) Water conservation
b) Habitat restoration
c) Overgrazing
d) Desertification control
Answer: c) Overgrazing