1. Marine biology is the scientific study of:
a) Terrestrial animals
b) Freshwater animals
c) Marine organisms
d) Avian organisms
Answer: c) Marine organisms
2. Which of the following is not a characteristic of marine organisms?
a) Adaptation to high salinity
b) Ability to breathe underwater
c) Dependence on sunlight for photosynthesis
d) Adaptation to low oxygen levels
Answer: c) Dependence on sunlight for photosynthesis
3. What is the term for the zone of the ocean where sunlight penetrates and photosynthesis can occur?
a) Abyssal zone
b) Twilight zone
c) Photic zone
d) Aphotic zone
Answer: c) Photic zone
4. Which of the following is not a major division of marine habitats?
a) Intertidal zone
b) Pelagic zone
c) Benthic zone
d) Terrestrial zone
Answer: d) Terrestrial zone
5. What is the scientific study of marine ecosystems called?
a) Marine ecology
b) Marine geology
c) Marine chemistry
d) Marine physics
Answer: a) Marine ecology
6. Which of the following is not a type of marine organism?
a) Cnidarians
b) Mollusks
c) Echinoderms
d) Arthropods
Answer: d) Arthropods
7. What is the primary source of energy for most marine ecosystems?
a) Sunlight
b) Thermal vents
c) Chemical energy
d) Hydrothermal energy
Answer: a) Sunlight
8. Which of the following is not a type of marine biome?
a) Coral reefs
b) Kelp forests
c) Savannas
d) Deep-sea vents
Answer: c) Savannas
9. What is the term for the process by which marine organisms convert sunlight into chemical energy?
a) Photosynthesis
b) Chemosynthesis
c) Autotrophy
d) Heterotrophy
Answer: a) Photosynthesis
10. Which of the following is not a characteristic of marine algae?
a) Photosynthesis
b) Cellulose cell walls
c) Chlorophyll pigments
d) Heterotrophic nutrition
Answer: d) Heterotrophic nutrition
11. What is the primary role of phytoplankton in marine ecosystems?
a) Predation
b) Herbivory
c) Decomposition
d) Parasitism
Answer: b) Herbivory
12. Which of the following is not a major group of marine invertebrates?
a) Mollusks
b) Arthropods
c) Chordates
d) Cnidarians
Answer: c) Chordates
13. What is the term for the process by which marine organisms take in dissolved oxygen from water?
a) Respiration
b) Osmoregulation
c) Osmosis
d) Diffusion
Answer: a) Respiration
14. Which of the following is not a function of marine ecosystems?
a) Carbon sequestration
b) Oxygen production
c) Nitrogen fixation
d) Ozone depletion
Answer: d) Ozone depletion
15. What is the term for the area where freshwater meets saltwater in the ocean?
a) Halocline
b) Thermocline
c) Pycnocline
d) Estuary
Answer: d) Estuary
16. Which of the following is not a characteristic of marine mammals?
a) Warm-bloodedness
b) Ability to breathe underwater
c) Live birth
d) Scales
Answer: d) Scales
17. What is the term for the study of marine animal behavior?
a) Ethology
b) Marine physiology
c) Marine ecology
d) Marine zoology
Answer: a) Ethology
18. Which of the following is not a major group of marine vertebrates?
a) Fish
b) Reptiles
c) Mammals
d) Mollusks
Answer: d) Mollusks
19. What is the primary role of zooplankton in marine ecosystems?
a) Predation
b) Herbivory
c) Decomposition
d) Parasitism
Answer: a) Predation
20. Which of the following is not a major type of marine pollution?
a) Oil spills
b) Plastic pollution
c) Noise pollution
d) Soil erosion
Answer: d) Soil erosion
21. What is the term for the process by which marine organisms excrete waste into the water?
a) Excretion
b) Osmoregulation
c) Diffusion
d) Filtration
Answer: a) Excretion