Ultrasound MCQs

What is the primary principle behind ultrasound imaging?
- A) Reflection of sound waves
- B) Absorption of X-rays
- C) Transmission of light
- D) Magnetic resonance
Which frequency range is typically used for diagnostic ultrasound?
- A) 1-2 kHz
- B) 2-18 MHz
- C) 20-50 kHz
- D) 30-100 MHz
What is the main advantage of using high-frequency ultrasound?
- A) Greater penetration
- B) Better resolution
- C) Decreased cost
- D) Faster imaging
What is the role of a transducer in ultrasound?
- A) To emit and receive sound waves
- B) To generate X-rays
- C) To amplify signals
- D) To store images
Which of the following is a common use of Doppler ultrasound?
- A) Assessing blood flow
- B) Evaluating bone structure
- C) Imaging soft tissues
- D) Visualizing organs
In ultrasound imaging, what does the term “anechoic” refer to?
- A) Fluid-filled structures appearing dark
- B) Solid masses appearing bright
- C) High-density tissues
- D) Echoes with high frequency
Which of the following ultrasound modes displays a two-dimensional image?
- A) M-mode
- B) B-mode
- C) Doppler mode
- D) 3D-mode
What is the primary purpose of using contrast agents in ultrasound?
- A) To reduce exposure time
- B) To enhance the visualization of structures
- C) To increase patient comfort
- D) To provide sedation
What is the typical depth range for abdominal ultrasound imaging?
- A) 1-3 cm
- B) 3-15 cm
- C) 15-30 cm
- D) 30-50 cm
What is the significance of the “shadowing” artifact in ultrasound?
- A) Indicates the presence of dense structures
- B) Signifies fluid accumulation
- C) Suggests a cyst
- D) Represents a normal finding
Which ultrasound technique is used to evaluate fetal heart rate?
- A) B-mode
- B) Doppler ultrasound
- C) M-mode
- D) 3D ultrasound
What is the main disadvantage of using ultrasound for deep tissue imaging?
- A) Limited penetration depth
- B) Lack of mobility
- C) High cost
- D) Inability to visualize fluid
Which of the following structures is best visualized using ultrasound?
- A) Bone
- B) Soft tissues
- C) Air-filled structures
- D) High-density organs
What does the term “echogenicity” refer to in ultrasound?
- A) The speed of sound
- B) The ability of tissues to reflect ultrasound waves
- C) The frequency of sound waves
- D) The depth of penetration
What is the main application of ultrasound in obstetrics?
- A) Fetal monitoring
- B) Breast imaging
- C) Vascular assessment
- D) Gallbladder examination
Which type of transducer is commonly used for cardiac ultrasound?
- A) Convex transducer
- B) Linear transducer
- C) Phased array transducer
- D) Endocavitary transducer
What is the advantage of 3D ultrasound imaging?
- A) Provides volumetric information
- B) Faster imaging
- C) Lower cost
- D) Higher frequency
Which of the following conditions can be diagnosed using ultrasound?
- A) Pneumonia
- B) Appendicitis
- C) Fractures
- D) Osteoporosis
What does “M-mode” ultrasound primarily assess?
- A) Motion of structures
- B) Tissue density
- C) Blood flow
- D) 3D images
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of ultrasound imaging?
- A) Non-invasive
- B) High radiation exposure
- C) Real-time imaging
- D) Portability
What is the purpose of using a coupling gel in ultrasound?
- A) To provide lubrication
- B) To eliminate air between the transducer and skin
- C) To enhance sound waves
- D) To cool the transducer
Which of the following artifacts can occur with improper ultrasound technique?
- A) Reverberation artifact
- B) Shadowing artifact
- C) Enhancement artifact
- D) All of the above
What is a common use of ultrasound in emergency medicine?
- A) Rapid assessment of trauma
- B) Routine check-ups
- C) Chronic disease monitoring
- D) Elective surgeries
In which area is ultrasound frequently used to guide interventions?
- A) Cardiology
- B) Biopsy procedures
- C) Radiology
- D) Neurology
What does the term “doppler shift” refer to in ultrasound?
- A) Change in frequency due to motion
- B) Variation in depth
- C) Absorption of sound waves
- D) Reflection of sound
What kind of structures produce strong echoes on ultrasound?
- A) Anechoic
- B) Hyperechoic
- C) Isoechoic
- D) Hypoechoic
Which of the following is a contraindication for using ultrasound?
- A) Pregnant patients
- B) Patients with pacemakers
- C) Pediatric patients
- D) Elderly patients
What is the role of ultrasound in vascular imaging?
- A) Assessing blood vessel structure and flow
- B) Imaging soft tissue
- C) Evaluating bones
- D) Detecting tumors
Which ultrasound technique is often used to visualize the thyroid gland?
- A) B-mode
- B) M-mode
- C) Doppler mode
- D) 3D-mode
What is the main limitation of ultrasound compared to other imaging modalities?
- A) Operator dependence
- B) Cost
- C) Radiation exposure
- D) Imaging time

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