Adverse reactions to contrast MCQs

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  • Which type of contrast agent is most commonly associated with adverse reactions?
    A) Barium sulfate
    B) Gadolinium-based contrast
    C) Iodinated contrast
    D) Air contrast
    Answer: C) Iodinated contrast
  • What is the most common mild reaction to iodinated contrast agents?
    A) Nausea and vomiting
    B) Anaphylaxis
    C) Renal failure
    D) Cardiac arrest
    Answer: A) Nausea and vomiting
  • Which of the following is considered a severe reaction to iodinated contrast?
    A) Urticaria
    B) Metallic taste
    C) Bronchospasm
    D) Flushing
    Answer: C) Bronchospasm
  • Gadolinium-based contrast agents are primarily used in which imaging modality?
    A) CT scan
    B) MRI
    C) X-ray
    D) Ultrasound
    Answer: B) MRI
  • Which adverse reaction is most commonly associated with gadolinium-based contrast agents?
    A) Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF)
    B) Thyroid toxicity
    C) Hyperkalemia
    D) Hemolysis
    Answer: A) Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF)
  • Which patient population is at the highest risk for contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN)?
    A) Diabetic patients
    B) Pediatric patients
    C) Patients with liver disease
    D) Pregnant women
    Answer: A) Diabetic patients
  • What is the best strategy to prevent contrast-induced nephropathy in high-risk patients?
    A) Use of low-osmolality contrast
    B) Administering steroids
    C) Pre-hydration with IV fluids
    D) Administering antihistamines
    Answer: C) Pre-hydration with IV fluids
  • Which of the following is an early sign of anaphylactic reaction to iodinated contrast?
    A) Bradycardia
    B) Urticaria
    C) Seizures
    D) Renal failure
    Answer: B) Urticaria
  • Which medication is commonly given prior to contrast administration in patients with a known contrast allergy?
    A) Aspirin
    B) Prednisone
    C) Furosemide
    D) Nitroglycerin
    Answer: B) Prednisone
  • In patients with a history of anaphylactoid reaction to iodinated contrast, which alternative imaging modality is often considered?
    A) Ultrasound
    B) MRI without contrast
    C) Nuclear medicine
    D) All of the above
    Answer: D) All of the above
  • Which of the following is not considered a risk factor for contrast-induced nephropathy?
    A) Advanced age
    B) Dehydration
    C) Heart disease
    D) Recent stroke
    Answer: D) Recent stroke
  • What type of reaction is most commonly associated with barium contrast used in gastrointestinal studies?
    A) Urticaria
    B) Aspiration pneumonia
    C) Anaphylaxis
    D) Bronchospasm
    Answer: B) Aspiration pneumonia
  • Which condition increases the risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) with gadolinium contrast?
    A) Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
    B) Liver cirrhosis
    C) Diabetes
    D) Heart failure
    Answer: A) Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
  • Which of the following is a delayed adverse reaction to iodinated contrast?
    A) Itching
    B) Hypotension
    C) Pulmonary edema
    D) Skin rash
    Answer: D) Skin rash
  • Which of the following drugs is typically used to manage a severe anaphylactic reaction to contrast agents?
    A) Epinephrine
    B) Lisinopril
    C) Ibuprofen
    D) Ranitidine
    Answer: A) Epinephrine
  • Which patient condition increases the risk for contrast-induced nephropathy?
    A) Hypertension
    B) Dehydration
    C) Hyperthyroidism
    D) COPD
    Answer: B) Dehydration
  • What is the most common adverse reaction to oral barium sulfate?
    A) Diarrhea
    B) Constipation
    C) Vomiting
    D) Tachycardia
    Answer: B) Constipation
  • Which class of iodinated contrast agents is less likely to cause adverse reactions?
    A) High-osmolality contrast agents
    B) Low-osmolality contrast agents
    C) Iso-osmolality contrast agents
    D) Ionic contrast agents
    Answer: C) Iso-osmolality contrast agents
  • Which adverse reaction can occur if iodinated contrast is extravasated into surrounding tissues during injection?
    A) Urticaria
    B) Compartment syndrome
    C) Hypotension
    D) Seizures
    Answer: B) Compartment syndrome
  • Which of the following is a life-threatening adverse reaction to iodinated contrast?
    A) Flushing
    B) Renal failure
    C) Laryngeal edema
    D) Metallic taste
    Answer: C) Laryngeal edema
  • What is the most common cause of mortality related to contrast reactions?
    A) Bronchospasm
    B) Renal failure
    C) Anaphylaxis
    D) Pulmonary embolism
    Answer: C) Anaphylaxis
  • Which of the following adverse reactions is most common after gadolinium-based contrast administration?
    A) Headache
    B) Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis
    C) Hypertension
    D) Diarrhea
    Answer: A) Headache
  • Which patient condition is a relative contraindication to iodinated contrast use?
    A) Diabetes mellitus
    B) Hyperthyroidism
    C) Severe chronic kidney disease
    D) COPD
    Answer: C) Severe chronic kidney disease
  • What is the most effective pre-treatment for patients with a history of mild contrast reactions?
    A) Prednisone and diphenhydramine
    B) Aspirin and furosemide
    C) Furosemide and acetaminophen
    D) Nitroglycerin and ibuprofen
    Answer: A) Prednisone and diphenhydramine
  • What is the recommended treatment for mild urticaria following contrast administration?
    A) Epinephrine
    B) Antihistamines
    C) Corticosteroids
    D) Defibrillation
    Answer: B) Antihistamines
  • Which of the following is NOT a sign of contrast-induced nephropathy?
    A) Elevated serum creatinine
    B) Reduced urine output
    C) Hematuria
    D) Hepatomegaly
    Answer: D) Hepatomegaly
  • What is the best imaging modality for patients with contraindications to iodinated contrast?
    A) MRI without contrast
    B) CT without contrast
    C) Ultrasound
    D) All of the above
    Answer: D) All of the above
  • Which adverse reaction is more common with high-osmolality iodinated contrast agents?
    A) Acute renal failure
    B) Hypotension
    C) Urticaria
    D) Cardiac arrest
    Answer: C) Urticaria
  • In patients with hyperthyroidism, iodinated contrast can cause which adverse reaction?
    A) Thyroid storm
    B) Bradycardia
    C) Hypokalemia
    D) Hyponatremia
    Answer: A) Thyroid storm
  • Which medication is commonly administered to patients at high risk for contrast-induced nephropathy?
    A) N-acetylcysteine
    B) Prednisone
    C) Diphenhydramine
    D) Epinephrine
    Answer: A) N-acetylcysteine

 

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