Principles of SPECT and PET scans MCQs

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1. What does SPECT stand for?
(A) Single Photon Emission Computed Topography
(B) Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography
(C) Simple Photon Emission Computed Tomography
(D) Standardized Photon Emission Computed Tomography

2. What does PET stand for?
(A) Positron Emission Topography
(B) Positron Emission Treatment
(C) Positron Emission Technology
(D) Positron Emission Tomography

3. Which type of radiation is primarily detected in PET scans?
(A) X-rays
(B) Beta particles
(C) Gamma rays
(D) Alpha particles

4. What type of radiation is primarily detected in SPECT scans?
(A) Neutrons
(B) X-rays
(C) Beta particles
(D) Gamma rays

5. What is the main difference between SPECT and PET in terms of the radiopharmaceuticals used?
(A) SPECT uses positron-emitting isotopes
(B) SPECT uses only beta-emitting isotopes
(C) Both use the same isotopes
(D) PET uses positron-emitting isotopes, while SPECT uses gamma-emitting isotopes

6. Which of the following is a common radiotracer used in PET scans?
(A) Iodine-131
(B) Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)
(C) Technetium-99m
(D) Gallium-67

7. In SPECT imaging, what is the function of the gamma camera?
(A) Detect gamma radiation emitted from the radiotracer
(B) Produce the radiotracer
(C) Generate X-ray images
(D) Provide real-time imaging

8. What is the typical spatial resolution of PET scans compared to SPECT?
(A) Equal resolution
(B) Lower resolution than SPECT
(C) Higher resolution than SPECT
(D) Depends on the equipment

9. What is the primary purpose of using a collimator in SPECT imaging?
(A) To focus incoming gamma rays
(B) To eliminate scatter radiation
(C) To produce higher resolution images
(D) To enhance contrast

10. Which imaging technique is preferred for functional brain imaging?
(A) PET
(B) MRI
(C) X-ray
(D) CT

11. What is the main advantage of PET over SPECT?
(A) Higher sensitivity and specificity
(B) Lower cost
(C) Simplicity of operation
(D) Less radiation exposure

12. How are PET images typically reconstructed?
(A) Using linear regression
(B) Using iterative algorithms
(C) Through manual adjustment
(D) Using standard imaging techniques

13. What does the term “time-of-flight” refer to in PET imaging?
(A) The duration of the scan
(B) The measurement of the time taken for a photon to travel from the source to the detector
(C) The time taken to inject the radiotracer
(D) The duration for which the patient is scanned

14. What type of scans can be performed using both SPECT and PET techniques?
(A) Functional imaging
(B) Structural imaging
(C) Ultrasound imaging
(D) Contrast-enhanced imaging

15. Which of the following conditions can be diagnosed using SPECT imaging?
(A) Fractures
(B) Gastrointestinal diseases
(C) Soft tissue tumors
(D) Cardiac perfusion abnormalities

16. What is a common clinical application of PET imaging?
(A) Evaluating joint disorders
(B) Diagnosing fractures
(C) Cancer staging and monitoring
(D) Assessing lung function

17. Which of the following factors can affect the quality of SPECT images?
(A) Patient movement
(B) All of the above
(C) Collimator design
(D) Radiotracer distribution

18. What is the role of attenuation correction in PET scans?
(A) Increase scan time
(B) Compensate for tissue absorption of photons
(C) Enhance image brightness
(D) Decrease radiation exposure

19. Which imaging modality combines the strengths of both SPECT and CT?
(A) PET
(B) Ultrasound
(C) MRI
(D) SPECT/CT

20. What is the typical half-life of fluorine-18 used in PET imaging?
(A) 2 hours
(B) 110 minutes
(C) 12 hours
(D) 24 hours

21. What does a higher Standardized Uptake Value (SUV) indicate in PET imaging?
(A) Increased metabolic activity
(B) Decreased tissue viability
(C) Lowered oxygen supply
(D) Normal metabolic function

22. What kind of data does SPECT provide?
(A) Morphological data
(B) Genetic data
(C) Functional data
(D) Blood chemistry

23. Which of the following conditions can be evaluated with PET imaging?
(A) Acute infections
(B) Bone fractures
(C) Alzheimer's disease
(D) Respiratory illnesses

24. What is a potential limitation of PET imaging?
(A) High sensitivity
(B) Non-invasive
(C) Higher cost compared to SPECT
(D) Immediate results

25. Which principle is utilized in both SPECT and PET imaging?
(A) X-ray absorption
(B) Detection of emitted radiation from a radiotracer
(C) Magnetic resonance
(D) Ultrasound reflection

26. What is the typical role of a radiopharmaceutical in PET imaging?
(A) Improve image quality
(B) Reduce scanning time
(C) Provide a source of radiation for imaging
(D) Enhance patient comfort

27. Which of the following best describes the principle of “tomography”?
(A) Imaging of moving organs
(B) Imaging surface structures only
(C) Creating cross-sectional images
(D) 3D reconstruction from 2D images

28. What advantage does SPECT have in cardiac imaging?
(A) Ability to visualize blood flow
(B) Higher radiation dose
(C) Better spatial resolution
(D) Faster scan times

29. What is the primary challenge in interpreting PET scans?
(A) False positives due to inflammation
(B) Low radiation exposure
(C) High-resolution images
(D) Lack of anatomical detail

30. What type of imaging is typically performed after a PET scan for anatomical localization?
(A) Ultrasound
(B) MRI
(C) SPECT
(D) CT scan

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