Engineering Mechanics MCQs Aeronautical Engineering

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In mechanics, a force is defined as: a) A push or pull on an object b) The mass of an object c) The speed of an object d) The distance an object moves Answer: a) A push or pull on an object Newton’s First Law of Motion states that an object at rest will stay at rest unless: a) A force acts upon it b) It is in a vacuum c) It is moving at constant speed d) It is in equilibrium Answer: a) A force acts upon it The unit of force in the International System of Units (SI) is: a) Newton b) Joule c) Pascal d) Watt Answer: a) Newton The sum of the forces acting on an object in equilibrium is: a) Zero b) Equal to the object’s weight c) Equal to the object’s mass d) Equal to the object’s velocity Answer: a) Zero The moment of a force about a point is given by: a) Force multiplied by the distance from the point b) Force divided by the distance from the point c) Force plus the distance from the point d) Force minus the distance from the point Answer: a) Force multiplied by the distance from the point In statics, a body is in equilibrium if: a) The sum of forces and moments acting on it is zero b) The body is accelerating c) The body is in motion d) The body is rotating Answer: a) The sum of forces and moments acting on it is zero A vector quantity that has both magnitude and direction is: a) Force b) Mass c) Temperature d) Time Answer: a) Force The principle of superposition states that: a) The resultant force is the vector sum of individual forces b) The forces are multiplied together c) Forces are added algebraically d) Forces cancel each other out Answer: a) The resultant force is the vector sum of individual forces In mechanics, a couple consists of: a) Two equal and opposite forces acting parallel to each other b) Two forces acting in the same direction c) Two forces acting at different points d) Two forces at right angles to each other Answer: a) Two equal and opposite forces acting parallel to each other The center of mass of a system of particles is the point where: a) The total mass of the system can be considered to be concentrated b) The forces are balanced c) The system’s potential energy is minimized d) The velocities are equal Answer: a) The total mass of the system can be considered to be concentrated Dynamics Newton’s Second Law of Motion states that: a) The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force and inversely proportional to its mass b) The force acting on an object is equal to its velocity c) The force acting on an object is equal to its displacement d) The acceleration is constant Answer: a) The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force and inversely proportional to its mass The law of conservation of momentum states that: a) The total momentum of a closed system remains constant if no external forces act on it b) The total energy of a system is constant c) The total force on a system is constant d) The total velocity of a system is constant Answer: a) The total momentum of a closed system remains constant if no external forces act on it The work done by a force is given by: a) The force multiplied by the displacement in the direction of the force b) The force divided by the displacement c) The force multiplied by the time d) The force plus the displacement Answer: a) The force multiplied by the displacement in the direction of the force The work-energy theorem states that: a) The work done on an object is equal to the change in its kinetic energy b) The work done is equal to the change in potential energy c) The energy is conserved in the system d) The force is constant Answer: a) The work done on an object is equal to the change in its kinetic energy The impulse experienced by an object is equal to: a) The change in momentum of the object b) The change in velocity of the object c) The product of force and distance d) The work done on the object Answer: a) The change in momentum of the object In a perfectly elastic collision: a) Both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved b) Only momentum is conserved c) Only kinetic energy is conserved d) Neither momentum nor kinetic energy is conserved Answer: a) Both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved The angular momentum of a rotating object is given by: a) The moment of inertia multiplied by the angular velocity b) The force multiplied by the radius c) The mass multiplied by the linear velocity d) The kinetic energy divided by the radius Answer: a) The moment of inertia multiplied by the angular velocity Centripetal force is the force required to: a) Keep an object moving in a circular path b) Accelerate an object in a straight line c) Change the direction of an object d) Stop an object from moving Answer: a) Keep an object moving in a circular path Statics In a simply supported beam, the reaction forces at the supports: a) Can be determined using equilibrium equations b) Are equal to the weight of the beam c) Are always zero d) Depend on the length of the beam Answer: a) Can be determined using equilibrium equations The shear force in a beam is: a) The internal force parallel to the cross-section of the beam b) The internal force perpendicular to the cross-section of the beam c) The force applied at the ends of the beam d) The external force applied to the beam Answer: a) The internal force parallel to the cross-section of the beam The bending moment in a beam is: a) The internal moment that causes the beam to bend b) The external force applied to the beam c) The reaction force at the supports d) The shear force acting on the beam Answer: a) The internal moment that causes the beam to bend In a truss, the members are assumed to: a) Carry only axial forces b) Carry both axial and bending forces c) Carry shear and bending forces d) Carry no forces Answer: a) Carry only axial forces The concept of a free-body diagram is used to: a) Analyze the forces and moments acting on a body b) Determine the material properties of a body c) Calculate the thermal effects on a body d) Measure the weight of a body Answer: a) Analyze the forces and moments acting on a body The principle of moments (or torque) states that for an object to be in rotational equilibrium: a) The sum of the moments about any axis must be zero b) The sum of the forces must be zero c) The total weight must be balanced d) The total displacement must be zero Answer: a) The sum of the moments about any axis must be zero In a cantilever beam, the maximum bending moment occurs: a) At the fixed end of the beam b) At the free end of the beam c) At the midpoint of the beam d) At any point along the beam Answer: a) At the fixed end of the beam The tensile stress in a material is defined as: a) The force per unit area within the material b) The change in length per unit length c) The force applied at the end of the material d) The weight of the material Answer: a) The force per unit area within the material The thermal expansion of a material is: a) The change in length of the material due to temperature change b) The change in volume of the material due to pressure change c) The change in density of the material due to temperature change d) The change in weight of the material due to temperature change Answer: a) The change in length of the material due to temperature change The modulus of elasticity (Young’s modulus) is defined as: a) The ratio of tensile stress to tensile strain b) The ratio of shear stress to shear strain c) The ratio of compressive stress to compressive strain d) The ratio of bending stress to bending strain Answer: a) The ratio of tensile stress to tensile strain Fluid Mechanics The Bernoulli equation states that in a streamline flow, the sum of the pressure energy, kinetic energy, and potential energy per unit volume is: a) Constant b) Equal to the external work done c) Equal to the heat added d) Variable Answer: a) Constant In fluid dynamics, the term “continuity equation” is used to describe: a) The conservation of mass in a fluid flow b) The conservation of energy in a fluid flow c) The change in velocity of a fluid d) The change in pressure of a fluid Answer: a) The conservation of mass in a fluid flow The Navier-Stokes equations describe: a) The motion of viscous fluids b) The heat transfer in fluids c) The compressibility of gases d) The behavior of ideal gases Answer: a) The motion of viscous fluids The Reynolds number is a dimensionless number used to predict: a) The flow regime (laminar or turbulent) in a fluid b) The density of a fluid c) The pressure drop in a fluid d) The temperature of a fluid Answer: a) The flow regime (laminar or turbulent) in a fluid The hydrostatic pressure at a point in a fluid is: a) Directly proportional to the depth of the point b) Inversely proportional to the depth of the point c) Independent of the depth of the point d) Equal to the density of the fluid times the temperature Answer: a) Directly proportional to the depth of the point The term “viscosity” in fluid mechanics refers to: a) The internal friction within a fluid b) The density of a fluid c) The temperature of a fluid d) The pressure of a fluid Answer: a) The internal friction within a fluid The principle of conservation of energy in fluid mechanics is expressed by: a) The Bernoulli equation b) The continuity equation c) The Navier-Stokes equations d) The Reynolds equation Answer: a) The Bernoulli equation In compressible flow, the Mach number represents: a) The ratio of the flow velocity to the speed of sound in the fluid b) The ratio of the pressure to the density of the fluid c) The ratio of the temperature to the pressure of the fluid d) The ratio of the kinetic energy to the potential energy Answer: a) The ratio of the flow velocity to the speed of sound in the fluid In a nozzle, the cross-sectional area decreases, causing: a) The velocity of the fluid to increase and the pressure to decrease b) The velocity of the fluid to decrease and the pressure to increase c) The temperature of the fluid to increase d) The density of the fluid to decrease Answer: a) The velocity of the fluid to increase and the pressure to decrease The term “boundary layer” refers to: a) The thin layer of fluid close to a solid surface where velocity gradients occur b) The region far from any surface where the fluid is homogeneous c) The outermost layer of a fluid jet d) The area of a fluid with no significant velocity change Answer: a) The thin layer of fluid close to a solid surface where velocity gradients occur Structural Mechanics The term “elastic limit” refers to: a) The maximum stress that a material can withstand without permanent deformation b) The maximum load that a structure can support c) The minimum strain required for a material to deform d) The maximum temperature a material can handle Answer: a) The maximum stress that a material can withstand without permanent deformation In a bending beam, the neutral axis is: a) The axis where there is no longitudinal stress b) The axis where the shear force is maximum c) The axis of maximum bending moment d) The axis of maximum deflection Answer: a) The axis where there is no longitudinal stress The shear stress in a structural member is given by: a) The internal force divided by the cross-sectional area b) The bending moment divided by the length of the member c) The axial load divided by the modulus of elasticity d) The torque divided by the polar moment of inertia Answer: a) The internal force divided by the cross-sectional area In the context of structural analysis, “deflection” refers to: a) The displacement of a structural member from its original position due to applied loads b) The rotation of a structural member c) The change in temperature of a structural member d) The change in material properties of a structural member Answer: a) The displacement of a structural member from its original position due to applied loads The term “moment of inertia” in structural mechanics refers to: a) A measure of an object’s resistance to bending or flexural deformation b) A measure of an object’s resistance to rotational motion c) A measure of an object’s resistance to axial deformation d) A measure of an object’s resistance to shear forces Answer: a) A measure of an object’s resistance to bending or flexural deformation The term “bending moment” in structural mechanics is defined as: a) The moment caused by a force applied at a distance from a point of reference b) The force applied perpendicular to the surface c) The moment caused by a load distributed along the length of a beam d) The force causing twisting of a member Answer: a) The moment caused by a force applied at a distance from a point of reference The “stiffness” of a structural member is defined as: a) The ratio of the applied force to the resulting displacement b) The ratio of the applied moment to the resulting rotation c) The ratio of the applied torque to the resulting angle of twist d) The ratio of the applied load to the resulting stress Answer: a) The ratio of the applied force to the resulting displacement

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