Toxicology (MCQs)

What is toxicology primarily concerned with?
A) The benefits of medications
B) The effects of chemicals on living organisms
C) The production of drugs
D) The regulation of pharmaceuticals
Answer: B
Which of the following terms refers to the dose of a substance that causes death in 50% of a test population?
A) LD50
B) ED50
C) TD50
D) IC50
Answer: A
What is a toxin?
A) A harmless substance
B) A substance that is poisonous to living organisms
C) A type of medication
D) A food preservative
Answer: B
Which type of toxicology studies the effects of chemicals on human health?
A) Environmental toxicology
B) Forensic toxicology
C) Clinical toxicology
D) Industrial toxicology
Answer: C
What is the primary function of the liver in relation to toxins?
A) To produce hormones
B) To filter and metabolize harmful substances
C) To store fat
D) To aid digestion
Answer: B
Which of the following substances is known to be a neurotoxin?
A) Ethanol
B) Lead
C) Aspirin
D) Caffeine
Answer: B
What is bioaccumulation?
A) The process by which organisms eliminate toxins
B) The gradual buildup of toxic substances in an organism
C) The dispersal of toxins in the environment
D) The immediate effects of a toxin
Answer: B
Which type of exposure refers to contact with a toxic substance through the skin?
A) Inhalation
B) Ingestion
C) Dermal exposure
D) Injection
Answer: C
What does the term “carcinogen” refer to?
A) A substance that causes allergies
B) A substance that can cause cancer
C) A medication for cancer treatment
D) A substance that enhances growth
Answer: B
Which of the following is a common antidote for opioid overdose?
A) Activated charcoal
B) Naloxone
C) Acetylsalicylic acid
D) Flumazenil
Answer: B
What is the role of the kidneys in toxicology?
A) To produce insulin
B) To filter waste and excrete toxins through urine
C) To aid in digestion
D) To synthesize proteins
Answer: B
Which of the following compounds is a heavy metal known for its toxicity?
A) Sodium
B) Iron
C) Mercury
D) Potassium
Answer: C
What is the primary concern of environmental toxicology?
A) Effects of drugs on humans
B) The impact of chemicals on ecosystems and wildlife
C) Legal issues surrounding toxic substances
D) Treatment of toxic exposures
Answer: B
What is an example of an acute toxic effect?
A) Long-term organ damage
B) A rash from contact with a chemical
C) Development of cancer
D) Chronic respiratory issues
Answer: B
What does the term “dose-response relationship” refer to?
A) The link between the amount of exposure and the severity of effect
B) The effectiveness of a medication
C) The safety of a substance
D) The time it takes for a toxin to act
Answer: A
Which of the following is an example of a teratogen?
A) Alcohol
B) Aspirin
C) Caffeine
D) Ibuprofen
Answer: A
What does “chronic exposure” to a toxin mean?
A) Short-term, high-level exposure
B) Long-term, low-level exposure
C) One-time exposure
D) Exposure to only non-toxic substances
Answer: B
Which organ is primarily responsible for the detoxification of alcohol?
A) Heart
B) Lungs
C) Liver
D) Kidneys
Answer: C
What is the significance of the term “minimum effective dose”?
A) The smallest dose that causes toxicity
B) The smallest dose that produces a therapeutic effect
C) The dose that has no side effects
D) The largest dose that can be safely administered
Answer: B
What does “forensic toxicology” involve?
A) Studying environmental pollutants
B) Analyzing substances in criminal investigations
C) Evaluating drug efficacy
D) Developing new medications
Answer: B
Which of the following is a common method for detecting toxins in biological samples?
A) X-ray imaging
B) Mass spectrometry
C) MRI scans
D) Ultrasound
Answer: B
What is the purpose of toxicokinetics?
A) To study the effects of toxins on cells
B) To understand how a substance enters, moves through, and exits the body
C) To develop new drugs
D) To analyze environmental impacts
Answer: B
Which of the following can act as a mutagen?
A) A vitamin supplement
B) Ultraviolet light
C) Water
D) Protein
Answer: B
What does “synergistic effect” mean in toxicology?
A) The combined effect of two substances that is greater than the sum of their individual effects
B) The absence of any effect
C) The effects of one substance canceling another
D) The same effect produced by different substances
Answer: A
What is a common effect of carbon monoxide poisoning?
A) Skin rash
B) Respiratory distress
C) Central nervous system impairment
D) Liver failure
Answer: C
What does “threshold limit value” (TLV) indicate?
A) The maximum dose of a drug
B) The level of a substance in the workplace that is considered safe
C) The legal limit for drug use
D) The effectiveness of an antidote
Answer: B
Which of the following can be a source of environmental toxins?
A) Household cleaning products
B) Pesticides
C) Heavy metals
D) All of the above
Answer: D
What is the role of the Poison Control Center?
A) To conduct scientific research
B) To provide information and treatment advice for toxic exposures
C) To enforce drug laws
D) To develop new antidotes
Answer: B
Which substance is commonly associated with food poisoning?
A) Bacteria
B) Heavy metals
C) Alcohol
D) Chemicals in cleaning products
Answer: A
What is the main concern with persistent organic pollutants (POPs)?
A) They are easily broken down in the environment
B) They can accumulate in the food chain and have long-lasting effects
C) They are safe for human health
D) They have no environmental impact
Answer: B

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