Root Hair and Water Absorption MCQs

What is the primary function of root hairs in plants?
a) Nutrient storage
b) Photosynthesis
c) Water absorption
d) Seed dispersal
Answer: c) Water absorption
Where are root hairs primarily located on a plant?
a) Stem
b) Leaves
c) Root tips
d) Flowers
Answer: c) Root tips
Which process primarily drives water absorption through root hairs?
a) Diffusion
b) Active transport
c) Osmosis
d) Transpiration
Answer: c) Osmosis
What is the primary component of root hair cells that facilitates water uptake?
a) Cellulose
b) Chlorophyll
c) Lipids
d) Cuticle
Answer: a) Cellulose
Root hairs increase the surface area of roots for what purpose?
a) Photosynthesis
b) Water and nutrient absorption
c) Gas exchange
d) Support
Answer: b) Water and nutrient absorption
What part of the root do root hairs extend from?
a) Cortex
b) Epidermis
c) Vascular tissue
d) Pericycle
Answer: b) Epidermis
How do root hairs contribute to nutrient absorption?
a) They absorb sunlight.
b) They create root pressure.
c) They facilitate ion exchange with the soil.
d) They store nutrients.
Answer: c) They facilitate ion exchange with the soil.
What environmental factor can significantly affect water absorption by root hairs?
a) Temperature
b) Light intensity
c) Soil moisture content
d) Air pressure
Answer: c) Soil moisture content
Which type of soil structure enhances root hair function?
a) Compacted soil
b) Sandy soil
c) Clayey soil
d) Loamy soil
Answer: d) Loamy soil
What role does transpiration play in water absorption?
a) It decreases water uptake.
b) It creates a negative pressure that pulls water up through the roots.
c) It has no effect on water absorption.
d) It causes root hairs to shrivel.
Answer: b) It creates a negative pressure that pulls water up through the roots.
Which structure within root hairs helps in the absorption of water and minerals?
a) Chloroplasts
b) Mitochondria
c) Cell wall
d) Plasma membrane
Answer: d) Plasma membrane
What is the primary pathway for water movement from root hairs to the xylem?
a) Apoplast pathway
b) Symplast pathway
c) Transmembrane pathway
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Which type of water movement occurs through the cell walls and intercellular spaces of root tissues?
a) Symplastic movement
b) Apoplastic movement
c) Transmembrane movement
d) Capillary movement
Answer: b) Apoplastic movement
Which mineral is essential for root hair development?
a) Nitrogen
b) Phosphorus
c) Potassium
d) Calcium
Answer: d) Calcium
What is the significance of root hair length in water absorption?
a) Longer root hairs absorb less water.
b) Longer root hairs can access water deeper in the soil.
c) Length has no effect on absorption.
d) Longer root hairs increase photosynthesis.
Answer: b) Longer root hairs can access water deeper in the soil.
How do root hairs respond to drought conditions?
a) They shrink in size.
b) They increase in number.
c) They produce more root pressure.
d) They become less permeable.
Answer: a) They shrink in size.
What happens to root hairs in waterlogged soil?
a) They thrive.
b) They absorb more water.
c) They may rot due to lack of oxygen.
d) They grow longer.
Answer: c) They may rot due to lack of oxygen.
What type of plants typically have more extensive root hair systems?
a) Aquatic plants
b) Drought-resistant plants
c) Shade-loving plants
d) Fast-growing plants
Answer: b) Drought-resistant plants
Which plant hormone can influence the growth of root hairs?
a) Auxin
b) Gibberellin
c) Cytokinins
d) Ethylene
Answer: a) Auxin
What is the primary benefit of mycorrhizal associations with root hairs?
a) Increased photosynthesis
b) Enhanced water and nutrient uptake
c) Decreased root growth
d) Reduced transpiration
Answer: b) Enhanced water and nutrient uptake
Which ion’s absorption by root hairs is crucial for maintaining cell turgor?
a) Calcium
b) Magnesium
c) Potassium
d) Sodium
Answer: c) Potassium
What adaptation do root hairs have to increase their absorptive efficiency?
a) Thick cuticle
b) High surface area-to-volume ratio
c) Chlorophyll production
d) Long lifespan
Answer: b) High surface area-to-volume ratio
How does the presence of air pockets in the soil affect root hair function?
a) It enhances water absorption.
b) It provides oxygen for respiration.
c) It causes root hairs to die.
d) It has no effect.
Answer: b) It provides oxygen for respiration.
What is the role of root cap cells in relation to root hairs?
a) They produce chlorophyll.
b) They protect the growing root tip.
c) They absorb water.
d) They store nutrients.
Answer: b) They protect the growing root tip.
Which type of environment typically leads to the development of shorter root hairs?
a) Nutrient-rich soil
b) Sandy soil
c) Waterlogged soil
d) Dry, arid soil
Answer: c) Waterlogged soil
Which physiological process allows root hairs to actively absorb minerals against their concentration gradient?
a) Diffusion
b) Active transport
c) Osmosis
d) Facilitated diffusion
Answer: b) Active transport
What is the function of the endodermis in relation to root hairs?
a) It facilitates gas exchange.
b) It controls water and nutrient flow into the vascular tissue.
c) It stores carbohydrates.
d) It protects against pathogens.
Answer: b) It controls water and nutrient flow into the vascular tissue.
How do soil microorganisms benefit root hairs?
a) By reducing water absorption
b) By competing for nutrients
c) By aiding in nutrient breakdown and availability
d) By blocking root growth
Answer: c) By aiding in nutrient breakdown and availability
What factor can limit root hair growth and function?
a) High soil pH
b) Adequate moisture
c) Rich organic matter
d) Presence of mycorrhizae
Answer: a) High soil pH
What role do root hairs play in plant anchorage?
a) They provide no support.
b) They help stabilize the plant by spreading out.
c) They absorb nutrients only.
d) They create pressure in the soil.
Answer: b) They help stabilize the plant by spreading out.

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