Public International Law (MCQs)

What is the primary purpose of Public International Law?
a) To regulate domestic affairs
b) To govern the relations between states and international organizations
c) To enforce criminal laws
d) To manage local governance
Which of the following is considered a source of International Law?
a) Domestic legislation
b) Treaties and conventions
c) National court decisions
d) Local regulations
What is the principle of state sovereignty?
a) The idea that states have authority over their territory and independence from external interference
b) The right of states to intervene in each other’s affairs
c) The obligation of states to follow international treaties
d) The authority of international organizations over states
Which organization is primarily responsible for maintaining international peace and security?
a) International Criminal Court
b) United Nations
c) European Union
d) World Trade Organization
What is a ‘treaty’?
a) A verbal agreement between two states
b) A formal written agreement between states governed by international law
c) A resolution by an international organization
d) A unilateral declaration by a state
Which of the following is NOT a principle of the United Nations?
a) Sovereign equality of all member states
b) Imposition of sanctions without due process
c) Peaceful settlement of disputes
d) Promotion of human rights
What does the term ‘jus cogens’ refer to?
a) Customary international law
b) Peremptory norms from which no derogation is permitted
c) National sovereignty
d) Treaty obligations
Which of the following is an example of customary international law?
a) Bilateral treaties
b) Diplomatic immunity
c) United Nations resolutions
d) National legislation
What is the role of the International Court of Justice (ICJ)?
a) To enforce criminal laws
b) To settle legal disputes between states and give advisory opinions on international law
c) To prosecute individuals for war crimes
d) To negotiate treaties
Which of the following is a primary responsibility of the United Nations Security Council?
a) To draft treaties
b) To take measures to maintain or restore international peace and security
c) To oversee international trade
d) To enforce human rights
Which of the following treaties regulates the use of chemical weapons?
a) Geneva Conventions
b) Chemical Weapons Convention
c) Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
d) Hague Conventions
What is the principle of non-refoulement?
a) The right to asylum
b) The obligation not to return refugees to a country where they face threats to their life or freedom
c) The principle of state sovereignty
d) The right to intervene in another state’s affairs
Which of the following is considered an international crime?
a) Theft
b) Genocide
c) Embezzlement
d) Tax evasion
What does the term ‘self-determination’ refer to in international law?
a) The right of states to determine their own borders
b) The right of peoples to determine their own political status and pursue their economic, social, and cultural development
c) The principle of state sovereignty
d) The right of individuals to choose their own government
Which of the following is a key function of the World Trade Organization (WTO)?
a) To regulate military conflicts
b) To oversee and facilitate international trade agreements
c) To enforce human rights laws
d) To adjudicate disputes between states
Which of the following describes the concept of ‘sovereign immunity’?
a) States can be sued in any court
b) States cannot be subjected to the jurisdiction of foreign courts without their consent
c) States are immune from all forms of liability
d) States have unlimited rights in international law
What is the main focus of humanitarian law?
a) To promote economic development
b) To protect individuals in armed conflict
c) To regulate trade
d) To establish diplomatic relations
Which of the following treaties aims to protect the environment from the harmful effects of climate change?
a) Universal Declaration of Human Rights
b) Paris Agreement
c) Vienna Convention
d) Hague Convention
What does the term ‘soft law’ refer to?
a) Legally binding treaties
b) Guidelines, principles, and declarations that are not legally binding but influence state behavior
c) Hard obligations under international law
d) National legislation
Which of the following is an essential principle of the law of armed conflict?
a) Distinction between combatants and non-combatants
b) Unrestricted use of weapons
c) Prohibition of all military actions
d) Equality of states in conflict
Which of the following best describes ‘diplomatic immunity’?
a) Protection of diplomats from arrest and prosecution in the host country
b) Freedom to commit crimes abroad
c) The right to intervene in domestic affairs
d) An obligation to respect local laws
Which of the following organizations is responsible for enforcing international human rights?
a) United Nations Human Rights Council
b) International Monetary Fund
c) World Trade Organization
d) NATO
What does the term ‘extraterritoriality’ refer to?
a) The ability of a state to enforce laws outside its territory
b) The application of national laws to individuals outside the state’s borders
c) The restriction of trade
d) The prohibition of military action
Which of the following treaties prohibits the use of torture?
a) Geneva Conventions
b) Convention Against Torture
c) International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
d) Vienna Convention
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of international law?
a) It is primarily based on treaties and customs
b) It is enforced by a central authority
c) It governs relations between states
d) It can be created by consensus
What is the ‘doctrine of precedent’ in international law?
a) The principle of state sovereignty
b) The practice of using past judicial decisions to guide future cases
c) The concept of diplomatic immunity
d) The obligation to follow international treaties
Which of the following describes the term ‘intervention’ in international law?
a) A state’s right to withdraw from a treaty
b) The act of a state involving itself in the internal affairs of another state
c) The enforcement of human rights laws
d) The regulation of trade
What does the term ‘genocide’ mean in international law?
a) The killing of individuals during war
b) The deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, ethnic, national, or religious group
c) The use of biological weapons
d) The destruction of cultural heritage
Which of the following is a requirement for statehood under international law?
a) A permanent population
b) A military force
c) Membership in the United Nations
d) A democratic government
What is the significance of the Nuremberg Trials?
a) They established trade agreements
b) They prosecuted war crimes and established principles of international criminal law
c) They created the United Nations
d) They regulated environmental treaties

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