Meteorological Phenomena MCQs (Meterology)

1. What is the term for a sudden, intense storm characterized by heavy rain, strong winds, and thunder?
(A) Cyclone
(B) Thunderstorm
(C) Blizzard
(D) Tornado

2. Which phenomenon is characterized by a long-lasting, widespread weather pattern that can affect large areas?
(A) Heatwave
(B) Weather front
(C) Microclimate
(D) Drought

3. What is a “microburst”?
(A) A small tornado
(B) A localized downdraft that produces damaging winds
(C) A type of hurricane
(D) A brief but intense rain shower

4. Which of the following meteorological phenomena involves the rapid expansion of air due to intense heating?
(A) Thunder
(B) Lightning
(C) Microburst
(D) Haboob

5. What is the primary driver of ocean currents?
(A) Wind patterns
(B) Earth’s rotation
(C) Solar radiation
(D) All of the above

6. What phenomenon occurs when cold air moves into an area of warmer air?
(A) Cold front
(B) Warm front
(C) Occluded front
(D) Stationary front

7. What is a “waterspout”?
(A) A tornado that occurs over water
(B) A type of heavy rainfall
(C) A large wave caused by an earthquake
(D) A type of ocean current

8. Which phenomenon results from the interaction of warm and cold air masses?
(A) Drought
(B) Fog
(C) Thunderstorm
(D) All of the above

9. What is the main cause of lightning?
(A) Electrical discharge from the ground
(B) Friction between ice particles in clouds
(C) Static electricity from the earth’s surface
(D) Solar flares

10. What is an “El Niño”?
(A) A cold ocean current
(B) A warm ocean current that affects global weather
(C) A type of tropical storm
(D) A high-pressure system

11. Which type of fog forms when warm, moist air moves over cooler surfaces?
(A) Advection fog
(B) Radiation fog
(C) Evaporation fog
(D) Upslope fog

12. What is the term for a storm characterized by heavy snow and strong winds?
(A) Blizzard
(B) Cyclone
(C) Hurricane
(D) Monsoon

13. What is “hurricane season” in the Atlantic Ocean?
(A) January to March
(B) April to June
(C) June to November
(D) December to February

14. What meteorological phenomenon is characterized by a prolonged dry period?
(A) Flood
(B) Drought
(C) Heatwave
(D) Storm surge

15. Which term describes a weather pattern that occurs when high-pressure systems dominate an area?
(A) Overcast
(B) Fair weather
(C) Stormy weather
(D) Snowy weather

16. What is “sleet”?
(A) Rain that freezes before hitting the ground
(B) A form of snow
(C) Pure rain
(D) A type of hail

17. What atmospheric phenomenon occurs when a layer of warm air traps cooler air near the surface?
(A) Inversion
(B) Front
(C) Cyclone
(D) Anticyclone

18. What is a “dust storm”?
(A) A storm with heavy rainfall and thunder
(B) A weather event involving strong winds lifting dust into the air
(C) A type of fog
(D) A winter storm

19. What weather phenomenon is characterized by the rapid increase in temperature and pressure after a storm passes?
(A) Cold front
(B) Backdoor cold front
(C) Pressure surge
(D) Warm front

20. Which of the following is NOT a type of severe weather?
(A) Thunderstorm
(B) Tornado
(C) Earthquake
(D) Hurricane

21. What phenomenon involves a rapid rise in sea level due to strong winds from a storm?
(A) Tidal wave
(B) Storm surge
(C) Tsunami
(D) Flood

22. Which atmospheric condition is characterized by a temperature inversion?
(A) High humidity
(B) Increased air pollution
(C) Decreased visibility
(D) All of the above

23. What is “thunder” caused by?
(A) The vibration of the ground
(B) The shockwave produced by the rapid expansion of heated air
(C) The friction of rain against surfaces
(D) The collision of ice particles

24. Which of the following best describes an “anticyclone”?
(A) A low-pressure system
(B) A high-pressure system
(C) A tropical storm
(D) A type of fog

25. What is the primary difference between a tropical storm and a hurricane?
(A) Wind speed
(B) Location
(C) Duration
(D) Type of precipitation

26. What type of precipitation is typically associated with warm fronts?
(A) Heavy rain
(B) Snow
(C) Drizzle
(D) Sleet

27. Which meteorological phenomenon can result from the convergence of moist air at a cold front?
(A) Drought
(B) Heavy rainfall
(C) Fair weather
(D) Frost

28. What is the term for the boundary where two different air masses meet?
(A) Front
(B) Pressure zone
(C) Anticyclone
(D) System

29. Which of the following describes the phenomenon of “sea breeze”?
(A) A cool breeze from the ocean to the land
(B) A warm breeze from the land to the ocean
(C) A sudden increase in temperature near the sea
(D) A warm ocean current

30. What term is used to describe the gradual increase in global temperatures due to human activities?
(A) Global warming
(B) Climate change
(C) Urban heat island
(D) Greenhouse effect