1. Which of the following best describes machine-independent optimization?
A) Optimizations that are specific to a certain hardware architecture
B) Optimizations that can be applied to any target machine regardless of its architecture
C) Optimizations that only improve runtime performance
D) Optimizations that are concerned with the operating system
Answer: B) Optimizations that can be applied to any target machine regardless of its architecture
2. Which of the following is an example of a machine-independent optimization?
A) Loop unrolling
B) Register allocation
C) Instruction scheduling
D) Strength reduction
Answer: D) Strength reduction
3. Which optimization type is generally concerned with the specific capabilities and features of the target machine’s architecture?
A) Machine-independent optimization
B) Machine-dependent optimization
C) High-level optimization
D) Global optimization
Answer: B) Machine-dependent optimization
4. Which of the following optimizations is a machine-dependent optimization?
A) Constant folding
B) Dead code elimination
C) Register allocation
D) Loop invariant code motion
Answer: C) Register allocation
5. What is the main goal of machine-independent optimization?
A) To improve execution time on specific hardware
B) To make the program portable across different machine architectures
C) To optimize memory usage on a particular system
D) To improve cache performance on specific CPUs
Answer: B) To make the program portable across different machine architectures
6. Which of the following optimization techniques applies to all types of machines and targets reducing redundant calculations in loops?
A) Instruction scheduling
B) Loop invariant code motion
C) Branch prediction
D) Register renaming
Answer: B) Loop invariant code motion
7. Machine-dependent optimizations are most often applied during which phase of the compilation process?
A) Lexical analysis
B) Syntax analysis
C) Code generation
D) Optimization phase
Answer: C) Code generation
8. Which of the following optimizations can be classified as machine-independent?
A) Inline function expansion
B) Branch prediction
C) Cache optimization
D) Vectorization
Answer: A) Inline function expansion
9. What is a key characteristic of machine-independent optimizations?
A) They are dependent on the processor’s instruction set
B) They optimize code based on the machine’s hardware resources
C) They focus on high-level language improvements and target multiple architectures
D) They focus on reducing power consumption on specific devices
Answer: C) They focus on high-level language improvements and target multiple architectures
10. Which optimization technique focuses on reducing the number of instructions in the target machine code?
A) Dead code elimination
B) Strength reduction
C) Loop unrolling
D) Instruction selection
Answer: D) Instruction selection
11. Which of the following optimizations reduces the use of certain types of instructions based on machine architecture?
A) Register allocation
B) Constant folding
C) Instruction scheduling
D) Strength reduction
Answer: C) Instruction scheduling
12. Which of the following is an example of a machine-dependent optimization technique?
A) Code inlining
B) Memory layout optimization
C) Loop unrolling
D) Common subexpression elimination
Answer: B) Memory layout optimization
13. Which of the following optimizations is concerned with minimizing the number of machine-level instructions by combining several instructions into a single instruction?
A) Peephole optimization
B) Constant propagation
C) Register allocation
D) Code motion
Answer: A) Peephole optimization
14. What is the main purpose of machine-dependent optimizations?
A) To reduce the size of the code
B) To make the code efficient for the specific target machine’s resources
C) To ensure portability across platforms
D) To simplify the syntax of the source code
Answer: B) To make the code efficient for the specific target machine’s resources
15. Which of the following is a common machine-independent optimization technique?
A) Tail-call optimization
B) Loop unrolling
C) Pipeline optimization
D) Register reallocation
Answer: B) Loop unrolling
16. What is the role of machine-independent optimization in the context of multi-platform development?
A) To ensure the code runs faster on a specific platform
B) To improve portability and efficiency across multiple hardware platforms
C) To use specific hardware instructions to improve performance
D) To make the code readable across different platforms
Answer: B) To improve portability and efficiency across multiple hardware platforms
17. Which of the following is NOT an example of machine-dependent optimization?
A) Instruction pipelining
B) Memory caching
C) Register renaming
D) Common subexpression elimination
Answer: D) Common subexpression elimination
18. Which optimization technique focuses on transforming the program’s operations to reduce the number of instructions executed?
A) Instruction selection
B) Strength reduction
C) Code motion
D) Register allocation
Answer: B) Strength reduction
19. Which optimization is more likely to be dependent on the underlying machine’s specific architecture?
A) Dead code elimination
B) Instruction scheduling
C) Constant folding
D) Inline function expansion
Answer: B) Instruction scheduling
20. Which of the following is the primary focus of machine-independent optimizations in terms of program execution?
A) Minimizing CPU cycles
B) Maximizing power efficiency
C) Reducing machine-dependent overhead
D) Improving memory hierarchy utilization
Answer: C) Reducing machine-dependent overhead