Sedimentology – MCQs

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1. The study of sedimentary rocks and sedimentary processes is called:





2. Sedimentary rocks are primarily formed by:





3. The most abundant sedimentary rock type is:





4. A rock composed of rounded gravel-size particles is called:





5. A rock composed of angular gravel-size fragments is:





6. The process of turning sediments into rock is called:





7. Lithification involves:





8. Sandstone is composed mainly of:





9. The smallest clastic sedimentary particles are called:





10. The term “sorting” in sedimentology refers to:





11. Well-rounded sediments indicate:





12. Which mineral is most resistant to weathering?





13. Cross-bedding is typical of:





14. Graded bedding indicates:





15. Ripple marks are features formed by:





16. Mud cracks form due to:





17. Which is a chemical sedimentary rock?





18. Coal is classified as:





19. Chalk is composed mainly of:





20. Limestone is primarily composed of:





21. Dolostone forms when:





22. Chert is composed mainly of:





23. The term “facies” in sedimentology means:





24. Which depositional environment is associated with coal?





25. Till is a deposit formed by:





26. Loess deposits are formed by:





27. Evaporites form in:





28. Which is the most abundant evaporite mineral?





29. Turbidites are associated with:





30. A sedimentary structure that indicates paleocurrent direction is:





31. Which is the primary agent of sediment transport in rivers?





32. Desert dunes are examples of:





33. Which sedimentary rock type often serves as a petroleum reservoir?





34. Which sedimentary rock type is a common petroleum source rock?





35. A stromatolite is formed by:





36. Which fossil fuels are derived mainly from organic-rich sediments?





37. Diagenesis refers to:





38. The largest grain-size classification is:





39. Which is not a clastic sedimentary rock?





40. Which environment typically produces well-sorted sediments?





41. A varve is:





42. The main difference between breccia and conglomerate is:





43. Which mineral is most abundant in detrital sediments?





44. Oolitic limestone is formed by:





45. Which sedimentary process is controlled by base level?





46. Which environment produces dropstones in sediments?





47. Graded bedding is most useful for:





48. Which sedimentary structure forms by density differences in sediments?





49. Which process forms concretions in sedimentary rocks?





50. Which type of sedimentary basin is associated with plate convergence?





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