Oceanography / Marine Geology – MCQs

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1. The deepest part of the world’s oceans is:





2. The average salinity of ocean water is about:





3. The movement of cold, nutrient-rich water to the ocean surface is called:





4. Which current is known as the “warm current” of the Atlantic Ocean?





5. The study of ocean floors and their features is called:





6. The mid-ocean ridges are formed due to:





7. The longest mountain range on Earth lies:





8. Tsunamis are usually generated by:





9. The main force causing tides on Earth is:





10. Which instrument is used to measure ocean depth?





11. The Challenger Expedition (1872–1876) is considered the beginning of:





12. The boundary between continental crust and oceanic crust is called:





13. The process of sea-floor spreading was first proposed by:





14. Which ocean current flows along the western coast of South America?





15. Coral reefs are most common in:





16. The shallow part of the ocean adjacent to the continents is called:





17. Which gas is most abundant in seawater after oxygen and nitrogen?





18. The deepest trench in the Indian Ocean is:





19. The thermocline is a layer in the ocean characterized by:





20. Submarine canyons are formed mainly by:





21. The ocean current around Antarctica is known as:





22. The most abundant salt in seawater is:





23. The Red Sea is an example of:





24. Which ocean has the greatest average depth?





25. Guyots are:





26. El Niño is associated with warming of waters in:





27. Which current moderates the climate of Western Europe?





28. Abyssal plains are:





29. The largest ocean basin on Earth is the:





30. Ocean trenches are mostly associated with:





31. Which ocean current is a cold current?





32. Which instrument is used for measuring salinity of seawater?





33. Atolls are formed mainly by:





34. The Sargasso Sea is located in the:





35. Which ocean has no land boundary with the equator?





36. The deepest trench in the Atlantic Ocean is:





37. The motion of ocean water due to the Earth’s rotation is called:





38. Marine sediments derived from land are called:





39. The Black Sea is connected to the Mediterranean through:





40. The boundary where warm and cold ocean currents meet is called:





41. The Great Barrier Reef is located along the coast of:





42. Ocean waves are primarily generated by:





43. The Gulf of Mexico is connected to the Atlantic Ocean by:





44. Which current flows northward along the coast of Japan?





45. Biogenous sediments are mainly composed of:





46. Which is the saltiest sea in the world?





47. The warm water counterpart of El Niño in the Indian Ocean is:





48. Which ocean current is important for the monsoon in South Asia?





49. The instrument used to measure ocean currents is:





50. Submarine volcanoes are also known as:





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