Economic Sanctions MCQs

1. What are economic sanctions? a) Military interventions b) Legal restrictions imposed by one country on another c) Diplomatic negotiations d) Trade agreements Answer: b) Legal restrictions imposed by one country on another 2. Which organization is responsible for implementing international economic sanctions? a) World Trade Organization (WTO) b) United Nations Security Council (UNSC) c) International Monetary Fund (IMF) d) World Bank Answer: b) United Nations Security Council (UNSC) 3. What is the primary goal of economic sanctions? a) To promote economic growth b) To punish or pressure a country to change its policies c) To enhance trade relations d) To support military interventions Answer: b) To punish or pressure a country to change its policies 4. Which type of sanctions specifically target the financial sector of a country? a) Trade sanctions b) Investment sanctions c) Financial sanctions d) Diplomatic sanctions Answer: c) Financial sanctions 5. Which of the following is a common example of trade sanctions? a) Blocking financial transactions b) Banning imports and exports c) Restricting diplomatic relations d) Freezing foreign assets Answer: b) Banning imports and exports 6. What does the term “smart sanctions” refer to? a) Broad-based sanctions affecting entire populations b) Targeted sanctions aimed at specific individuals or entities c) Economic aid packages d) Military assistance Answer: b) Targeted sanctions aimed at specific individuals or entities 7. Which country was subjected to extensive economic sanctions by the U.S. and its allies from 2015 to 2020 due to its nuclear program? a) North Korea b) Iran c) Syria d) Venezuela Answer: b) Iran 8. What is the term for sanctions imposed on a country that restrict its access to international financial systems? a) Trade embargo b) Asset freeze c) Financial exclusion d) Diplomatic boycott Answer: c) Financial exclusion 9. Which international body often enforces sanctions against countries for violating international law? a) International Court of Justice (ICJ) b) World Trade Organization (WTO) c) United Nations Security Council (UNSC) d) International Criminal Court (ICC) Answer: c) United Nations Security Council (UNSC) 10. What is the main difference between unilateral and multilateral sanctions? a) Unilateral sanctions are imposed by a single country, while multilateral sanctions are imposed by multiple countries or organizations. b) Unilateral sanctions target entire economies, while multilateral sanctions are more specific. c) Unilateral sanctions are always more severe than multilateral sanctions. d) Multilateral sanctions are more flexible than unilateral sanctions. Answer: a) Unilateral sanctions are imposed by a single country, while multilateral sanctions are imposed by multiple countries or organizations. 11. What is an example of a non-trade-related economic sanction? a) Banning the export of oil b) Freezing the assets of political leaders c) Imposing tariffs on imports d) Restricting access to foreign markets Answer: b) Freezing the assets of political leaders 12. Which country faced significant economic sanctions from the U.S. and the EU due to its annexation of Crimea in 2014? a) China b) Russia c) North Korea d) Turkey Answer: b) Russia 13. What does the term “embargo” refer to in the context of economic sanctions? a) A temporary ban on military activities b) A ban on trade and economic activity with a specific country c) Restrictions on diplomatic relations d) Financial aid restrictions Answer: b) A ban on trade and economic activity with a specific country 14. Which of the following is a potential consequence of economic sanctions on the target country? a) Increased international trade b) Economic isolation and hardship c) Enhanced diplomatic relations d) Increased foreign investment Answer: b) Economic isolation and hardship 15. What is a “humanitarian exemption” in the context of economic sanctions? a) A waiver allowing the import of essential goods and services to prevent humanitarian crises b) A complete removal of all sanctions c) An exception for military goods d) A reduction in trade tariffs Answer: a) A waiver allowing the import of essential goods and services to prevent humanitarian crises 16. Which U.S. law governs the imposition of economic sanctions by the United States? a) Trading with the Enemy Act b) Foreign Corrupt Practices Act c) National Security Act d) International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) Answer: d) International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) 17. What is the purpose of “secondary sanctions”? a) To target countries that violate primary sanctions b) To punish countries that do not comply with UN sanctions c) To impose sanctions on third parties that do business with the targeted country d) To reduce the impact of primary sanctions Answer: c) To impose sanctions on third parties that do business with the targeted country 18. Which type of economic sanctions are specifically designed to target the assets and financial dealings of individuals or entities? a) Trade sanctions b) Travel bans c) Asset freezes d) Diplomatic sanctions Answer: c) Asset freezes 19. What is the term for economic sanctions that are intended to pressure a government without directly affecting its population? a) Targeted sanctions b) Comprehensive sanctions c) Smart sanctions d) Humanitarian sanctions Answer: a) Targeted sanctions 20. Which country faced extensive economic sanctions from the international community due to its involvement in the Syrian civil war? a) Saudi Arabia b) Iran c) Syria d) Turkey Answer: c) Syria 21. Which economic measure is often used to restrict a country’s access to international trade? a) Asset freeze b) Trade embargo c) Financial exclusion d) Travel ban Answer: b) Trade embargo 22. What is a common criticism of economic sanctions? a) They always achieve their objectives b) They often disproportionately affect the general population rather than the targeted government c) They are always supported by international law d) They promote economic growth in the target country Answer: b) They often disproportionately affect the general population rather than the targeted government 23. Which of the following is an example of a diplomatic sanction? a) Freezing a country’s assets b) Banning trade with a country c) Expelling diplomats from a country d) Imposing tariffs on imports Answer: c) Expelling diplomats from a country 24. What is the main aim of “economic coercion”? a) To encourage economic growth b) To force a change in behavior or policies through economic pressure c) To facilitate trade agreements d) To provide economic aid Answer: b) To force a change in behavior or policies through economic pressure 25. Which term describes the practice of punishing a country for human rights violations through economic means? a) Humanitarian sanctions b) Diplomatic sanctions c) Human rights sanctions d) Trade sanctions Answer: c) Human rights sanctions 26. Which U.S. president was known for implementing a trade embargo against Cuba in 1960? a) John F. Kennedy b) Richard Nixon c) Lyndon B. Johnson d) Dwight D. Eisenhower Answer: d) Dwight D. Eisenhower 27. Which economic sanction involves prohibiting the export of certain goods or technologies to a target country? a) Trade embargo b) Asset freeze c) Financial exclusion d) Travel ban Answer: a) Trade embargo 28. What is the effect of “sectoral sanctions”? a) They target specific sectors of an economy, such as finance, energy, or defense b) They target individual leaders only c) They are applied to all sectors of the economy equally d) They focus on cultural exchanges Answer: a) They target specific sectors of an economy, such as finance, energy, or defense 29. Which international agreement allows countries to impose sanctions to address threats to international peace and security? a) Treaty of Versailles b) Geneva Conventions c) United Nations Charter d) Paris Agreement Answer: c) United Nations Charter 30. What is “economic statecraft”? a) The use of economic tools and policies to achieve foreign policy objectives b) The practice of diplomatic negotiations c) The implementation of military strategies d) The development of trade agreements Answer: a) The use of economic tools and policies to achieve foreign policy objectives 31. Which country was subjected to significant economic sanctions by the U.S. and EU due to its alleged support of terrorism and human rights abuses? a) Venezuela b) North Korea c) Myanmar d) Cuba Answer: b) North Korea 32. What does the term “economic isolation” mean in the context of sanctions? a) The removal of all trade barriers b) The imposition of restrictions that cut off a country from international markets c) The promotion of economic aid d) The establishment of new trade agreements Answer: b) The imposition of restrictions that cut off a country from international markets 33. Which U.S. law requires the president to impose sanctions against foreign governments that are involved in human rights abuses? a) Magnitsky Act b) Foreign Assistance Act c) Trade Act d) National Defense Authorization Act Answer: a) Magnitsky Act 34. Which term describes sanctions that are intended to limit a country’s ability to import goods and services? a) Trade embargo b) Financial sanctions c) Diplomatic sanctions d) Investment restrictions Answer: a) Trade embargo 35. Which type of sanction involves prohibiting the transfer of funds to and from a country? a) Financial sanctions b) Trade sanctions c) Asset freezes d) Diplomatic sanctions Answer: a) Financial sanctions 36. What is the main purpose of “sectoral sanctions”? a) To target specific sectors of a country’s economy rather than imposing broad-based sanctions b) To restrict all trade and economic activity with a country c) To provide humanitarian aid d) To negotiate trade agreements Answer: a) To target specific sectors of a country’s economy rather than imposing broad-based sanctions 37. Which international organization often coordinates and monitors the implementation of sanctions? a) International Monetary Fund (IMF) b) United Nations Security Council (UNSC) c) World Trade Organization (WTO) d) International Criminal Court (ICC) Answer: b) United Nations Security Council (UNSC) 38. What is the effect of “unilateral sanctions”? a) They are imposed by multiple countries or international organizations b) They are imposed by a single country or entity without international support c) They are always more effective than multilateral sanctions d) They are legally binding for all member countries of the United Nations Answer: b) They are imposed by a single country or entity without international support 39. Which of the following is an example of a targeted economic sanction? a) Freezing the assets of specific individuals or entities b) Banning all imports and exports with a country c) Restricting access to international financial systems d) Cutting off diplomatic relations Answer: a) Freezing the assets of specific individuals or entities 40. What is the impact of economic sanctions on international relations? a) They always improve diplomatic relations b) They can lead to increased tensions and conflicts c) They eliminate all trade barriers d) They guarantee compliance with international laws Answer: b) They can lead to increased tensions and conflicts 41. Which of the following is a potential benefit of economic sanctions? a) Promoting economic growth in the target country b) Encouraging policy changes without resorting to military action c) Strengthening trade relations d) Increasing foreign investments Answer: b) Encouraging policy changes without resorting to military action

Economic Sanctions MCQs

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