1. When was the World Trade Organization (WTO) established?
A. 1948
B. 1950
C. 1995
D. 2000
Answer: C
2. Where is the headquarters of the WTO located?
A. Geneva, Switzerland
B. New York, USA
C. Brussels, Belgium
D. Paris, France
Answer: A
3. Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the WTO?
A. Administering trade agreements
B. Settling trade disputes
C. Providing loans to developing countries
D. Monitoring trade policies
Answer: C
4. What does the WTO’s most-favored-nation (MFN) principle entail?
A. Granting preferential treatment to all WTO members equally
B. Providing special trade privileges to developing countries
C. Allowing trade barriers for national security
D. Imposing tariffs on imported goods
Answer: A
5. Which agreement is considered the foundational agreement of the WTO?
A. The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
B. The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)
C. The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)
D. The Agreement on Agriculture (AoA)
Answer: A
6. The WTO’s Dispute Settlement Mechanism (DSM) is designed to:
A. Enforce trade regulations
B. Resolve trade disputes between member states
C. Provide financial aid to members
D. Set trade policy standards
Answer: B
7. Which of the following agreements is aimed at reducing barriers to international trade in services?
A. TRIPS
B. GATS
C. AoA
D. SPS Agreement
Answer: B
8. How many member states were there in the WTO at its establishment in 1995?
A. 70
B. 100
C. 128
D. 150
Answer: D
9. Which body within the WTO is responsible for overseeing the implementation of trade agreements and monitoring compliance?
A. The General Council
B. The Dispute Settlement Body
C. The Ministerial Conference
D. The Secretariat
Answer: A
10. What is the primary objective of the WTO’s Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)?
A. To promote free trade in goods
B. To enhance global intellectual property protection
C. To reduce tariffs on services
D. To provide financial aid for infrastructure development
Answer: B
11. Which of the following principles is a core element of the WTO’s trading system?
A. Non-discrimination
B. Economic protectionism
C. Bilateral trade agreements
D. Trade subsidies
Answer: A
12. The WTO’s Ministerial Conference meets:
A. Annually
B. Biennially
C. Every two years
D. Every four years
Answer: B
13. Which agreement addresses trade in agricultural products within the WTO framework?
A. GATS
B. TRIPS
C. AoA
D. SCM Agreement
Answer: C
14. What does the WTO’s Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM) regulate?
A. Intellectual property rights
B. Trade in services
C. Subsidies and countervailing measures
D. Agricultural trade
Answer: C
15. Which WTO agreement is aimed at ensuring that trade measures related to health and safety are transparent and not discriminatory?
A. AoA
B. TRIPS
C. SPS Agreement
D. TBT Agreement
Answer: C
16. What is the purpose of the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM)?
A. To assess the economic policies of member states
B. To review and evaluate national trade policies and practices
C. To negotiate new trade agreements
D. To provide financial assistance to member states
Answer: B
17. Which of the following is a key objective of the WTO’s Doha Development Agenda?
A. Enhancing intellectual property protection
B. Reducing trade barriers and improving trade opportunities for developing countries
C. Increasing agricultural subsidies
D. Expanding trade in high-tech goods
Answer: B
18. Which of the following bodies handles the WTO’s dispute settlement processes?
A. The General Council
B. The Appellate Body
C. The Ministerial Conference
D. The Secretariat
Answer: B
19. What is the term used for a trade barrier that is not related to tariffs, such as quotas or embargoes?
A. Non-tariff barrier
B. Trade subsidy
C. Protective measure
D. Import duty
Answer: A
20. The WTO’s Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) aims to:
A. Facilitate trade in goods by reducing technical barriers
B. Regulate subsidies and countervailing measures
C. Promote intellectual property rights
D. Enhance trade in services
Answer: A
21. Which principle requires WTO members to apply trade rules and regulations equally to domestic and foreign products?
A. National treatment
B. Most-favored-nation treatment
C. Reciprocity
D. Transparency
Answer: A
22. The WTO’s Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMS) aims to:
A. Regulate trade in agricultural products
B. Facilitate international investment flows
C. Address trade-related investment policies
D. Promote global intellectual property standards
Answer: C
23. Which agreement within the WTO framework focuses on ensuring that environmental measures do not create unjustified trade barriers?
A. GATS
B. TRIPS
C. TBT Agreement
D. SPS Agreement
Answer: C
24. Which WTO body is responsible for making decisions on trade disputes between member states?
A. The General Council
B. The Dispute Settlement Body
C. The Ministerial Conference
D. The Appellate Body
Answer: B
25. Which of the following is a primary goal of the WTO’s Agreement on Agriculture (AoA)?
A. To reduce tariffs on non-agricultural goods
B. To eliminate all agricultural subsidies
C. To improve market access and reduce trade barriers in agriculture
D. To increase international investment in agriculture
Answer: C
26. Which WTO agreement is designed to protect and enforce intellectual property rights globally?
A. The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
B. The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)
C. The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)
D. The Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM)
Answer: C
27. Which of the following is NOT a principle of the WTO?
A. Transparency
B. Non-discrimination
C. Reciprocity
D. Protectionism
Answer: D
28. What is the term for the process by which the WTO reviews the trade policies of its member countries?
A. Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM)
B. Trade Policy Adjustment
C. Trade Review Process
D. Policy Evaluation Mechanism
Answer: A
29. Which of the following WTO agreements focuses on reducing barriers to trade in services?
A. TRIPS
B. GATS
C. AoA
D. TBT
Answer: B
30. Which WTO body is composed of all member states and meets at least once every two years?
A. The General Council
B. The Dispute Settlement Body
C. The Ministerial Conference
D. The Secretariat
Answer: C
31. Which agreement within the WTO framework seeks to minimize the impact of technical regulations on trade?
A. Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMS)
B. Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)
C. Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)
D. Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM)
Answer: C
32. Which WTO body handles the day-to-day administration of the organization?
A. The General Council
B. The Ministerial Conference
C. The Dispute Settlement Body
D. The Secretariat
Answer: D
33. The WTO’s Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) covers which areas?
A. Trade in agricultural products
B. Trade in services
C. Intellectual property rights, including patents, copyrights, and trademarks
D. Trade subsidies and countervailing measures
Answer: C
34. What is the purpose of the WTO’s Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMS)?
A. To regulate tariffs on investment goods
B. To address trade-related investment policies and measures
C. To promote trade in agricultural products
D. To protect intellectual property rights
Answer: B
35. Which WTO agreement aims to address the issues of sanitary and phytosanitary measures affecting international trade?
A. GATS
B. AoA
C. SPS Agreement
D. TBT Agreement
Answer: C
36. Which WTO agreement regulates subsidies that distort international trade and competition?
A. Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)
B. Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMS)
C. Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM)
D. Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)
Answer: C
37. The WTO’s most-favored-nation (MFN) principle means that:
A. Countries must treat all WTO members equally in trade matters
B. Countries must provide special trade advantages to developing nations
C. Countries can impose tariffs only on non-member countries
D. Countries must reduce tariffs on all products equally
Answer: A
38. Which agreement within the WTO framework focuses on ensuring that trade measures do not create unjustified trade barriers related to safety and health?
A. AoA
B. TRIPS
C. TBT Agreement
D. SPS Agreement
Answer: D
39. The WTO’s Dispute Settlement Mechanism (DSM) aims to:
A. Resolve disputes between member states over trade issues
B. Provide financial assistance to developing countries
C. Set new trade policies
D. Regulate intellectual property rights
Answer: A
40. Which agreement addresses barriers to trade in services within the WTO framework?
A. TRIMS
B. GATS
C. TBT
D. AoA
Answer: B
41. The WTO’s Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) is designed to:
A. Reduce tariffs on agricultural products
B. Prevent trade disputes
C. Ensure that technical regulations do not create unnecessary barriers to trade
D. Promote financial investment
Answer: C
42. The WTO’s Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) aims to:
A. Regulate tariffs and trade barriers
B. Protect and enforce intellectual property rights globally
C. Facilitate trade in services
D. Address agricultural trade issues
Answer: B
43. Which of the following is NOT a principle of the WTO’s trading system?
A. Non-discrimination
B. Transparency
C. Economic protectionism
D. Reciprocity
Answer: C
44. The WTO’s Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) is responsible for:
A. Overseeing the implementation of trade agreements
B. Handling disputes between member states
C. Setting global trade policies
D. Providing financial aid
Answer: B
45. The WTO’s Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM) is designed to:
A. Promote global trade in services
B. Regulate intellectual property rights
C. Address subsidies that distort international trade and competition
D. Reduce tariffs on goods
Answer: C
46. Which agreement within the WTO framework deals with trade in agricultural products?
A. GATS
B. TRIPS
C. AoA
D. TBT
Answer: C
47. Which WTO agreement focuses on the transparency and non-discrimination of trade-related technical regulations?
A. TRIMS
B. AoA
C. TBT Agreement
D. SPS Agreement
Answer: C
48. The WTO’s General Council meets:
A. Annually
B. Biennially
C. Every three months
D. Every six months
Answer: C
49. The WTO’s Ministerial Conference is composed of:
A. Trade ministers from all member states
B. Representatives of major corporations
C. Trade experts and advisors
D. National trade negotiators
Answer: A
50. The WTO’s Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMS) aims to:
A. Regulate international trade in services
B. Address trade-related investment policies and measures
C. Protect intellectual property rights
D. Increase tariffs on imports
Answer: B
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