Power Control Systems MCQs

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1. Which device is used for power factor improvement in AC circuits? A) Transformer B) Capacitor C) Diode D) Inductor Answer: B) Capacitor 2. In a three-phase power system, what is the phase angle between each phase? A) 90 degrees B) 120 degrees C) 180 degrees D) 60 degrees Answer: B) 120 degrees 3. The purpose of a transformer in a power system is to: A) Increase power factor B) Step up or step down voltage C) Control frequency D) Convert AC to DC Answer: B) Step up or step down voltage 4. In a synchronous generator, the speed of rotation is synchronized with the: A) Load current B) Grid frequency C) Power factor D) Phase angle Answer: B) Grid frequency 5. Which of the following devices can be used to protect electrical equipment from voltage surges? A) Capacitor B) Inductor C) Surge protector D) Resistor Answer: C) Surge protector 6. A device used to convert DC power to AC power is called a: A) Rectifier B) Inverter C) Capacitor D) Transformer Answer: B) Inverter 7. The unit of electrical power is: A) Joule B) Volt C) Watt D) Ampere Answer: C) Watt 8. In a power transmission line, which parameter is primarily controlled to minimize transmission losses? A) Voltage B) Current C) Power factor D) Frequency Answer: A) Voltage 9. The process of maintaining constant voltage in a power system despite variations in load is called: A) Load balancing B) Voltage regulation C) Frequency modulation D) Power factor correction Answer: B) Voltage regulation 10. A device used to protect an electric circuit from excessive current is called a: A) Capacitor B) Inductor C) Fuse D) Diode Answer: C) Fuse 11. Which type of motor is preferred for high starting torque applications? A) DC motor B) Synchronous motor C) Induction motor D) Stepper motor Answer: A) DC motor 12. The power factor of an inductive circuit can be improved by connecting a: A) Capacitor in series B) Capacitor in parallel C) Inductor in series D) Inductor in parallel Answer: B) Capacitor in parallel 13. The energy stored in an inductor is proportional to: A) Voltage B) Current C) Resistance D) Capacitance Answer: B) Current 14. Which device is used to convert high-voltage AC power to low-voltage AC power? A) Transformer B) Rectifier C) Capacitor D) Inductor Answer: A) Transformer 15. A circuit breaker is used to: A) Regulate voltage B) Convert AC to DC C) Interrupt excessive current D) Store electrical energy Answer: C) Interrupt excessive current 16. The main advantage of a three-phase system over a single-phase system is: A) Lower cost B) Higher efficiency C) Simplicity of wiring D) Smaller size Answer: B) Higher efficiency 17. The unit of apparent power in an AC circuit is: A) Watt B) Volt C) Ampere D) Volt-ampere Answer: D) Volt-ampere 18. Which device is used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy? A) Transformer B) Generator C) Capacitor D) Inductor Answer: B) Generator 19. What is the function of a step-up transformer? A) Increase voltage B) Decrease voltage C) Increase current D) Decrease current Answer: A) Increase voltage 20. The steady-state response of a control system refers to its response: A) Immediately after the input signal changes B) When the input signal reaches a constant value C) After a long time period D) Before any input signal is applied Answer: C) After a long time period 21. In an AC circuit, the ratio of real power to apparent power is called: A) Power factor B) Efficiency C) Resistance D) Inductance Answer: A) Power factor 22. Which type of motor is most commonly used in domestic appliances? A) DC motor B) Synchronous motor C) Induction motor D) Stepper motor Answer: C) Induction motor 23. The process of converting AC power to DC power is called: A) Rectification B) Inversion C) Modulation D) Amplification Answer: A) Rectification 24. Which component is used to store electrical energy in a DC circuit? A) Capacitor B) Inductor C) Resistor D) Battery Answer: D) Battery 25. The speed of a DC motor can be controlled by varying the: A) Voltage applied B) Current supplied C) Frequency of the supply D) Power factor Answer: A) Voltage applied 26. Which type of transformer is used to isolate two circuits electrically while transferring power between them? A) Step-up transformer B) Step-down transformer C) Isolation transformer D) Distribution transformer Answer: C) Isolation transformer 27. Which device is used to protect a circuit from overvoltage conditions? A) Fuse B) Circuit breaker C) Surge protector D) Capacitor Answer: C) Surge protector 28. The reactive power in an AC circuit is measured in: A) Watts B) Volt-amperes C) Ampere-hours D) Joules Answer: B) Volt-amperes 29. Which type of motor has the highest power density? A) DC motor B) Synchronous motor C) Induction motor D) Stepper motor Answer: B) Synchronous motor 30. The function of a relay in an electrical circuit is to: A) Convert AC to DC B) Regulate voltage C) Control the operation of other devices D) Store electrical energy Answer: C) Control the operation of other devices 31. The device used to change the direction of DC current flow periodically is called a: A) Rectifier B) Inverter C) Converter D) Commutator Answer: D) Commutator 32. In a transmission line, what does “sag” refer to? A) Increase in voltage B) Decrease in voltage C) Increase in current D) Decrease in current Answer: B) Decrease in voltage 33. A voltage regulator is used to: A) Control the frequency of an AC circuit B) Maintain constant voltage output C) Convert AC to DC D) Store electrical energy Answer: B) Maintain constant voltage output 34. The device used to protect a circuit from short circuits and overcurrent conditions is a: A) Capacitor B) Diode C) Fuse D) Resistor Answer: C) Fuse 35. Which type of motor does not require a starting capacitor or external rotor resistance? A) Induction motor B) DC motor C) Synchronous motor D) Stepper motor Answer: A) Induction motor 36. The process of adjusting the characteristics of a control system to improve performance is known as: A) Feedback B) Modulation C) Compensation D) Calibration Answer: C) Compensation 37. A power system with high power factor: A) Consumes less reactive power B) Consumes more reactive power C) Is less efficient D) Has higher voltage fluctuations Answer: A) Consumes less reactive power 38. The primary purpose of a capacitor in an AC circuit is to: A) Store electrical energy B) Limit current flow C) Improve power factor D) Increase voltage Answer: C) Improve power factor 39. A buck converter is used to: A) Increase voltage B) Decrease voltage C) Convert AC to DC D) Store electrical energy Answer: B) Decrease voltage 40. The unit of frequency is: A) Volt B) Ampere C) Hertz D) Ohm Answer: C) Hertz 41. Which type of motor is suitable for applications requiring precise position control? A) DC motor B) Synchronous motor C) Induction motor D) Stepper motor Answer: D) Stepper motor 42. The process of converting electrical energy into mechanical energy is performed by a: A) Transformer B) Generator C) Capacitor D) Inductor Answer: B) Generator 43. Which type of transformer has a primary winding and a secondary winding that share a magnetic core? A) Step-up transformer B) Step-down transformer C) Isolation transformer D) Distribution transformer Answer: D) Distribution transformer 44. A ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) is used primarily for: A) Overcurrent protection B) Surge protection C) Ground fault protection D) Short circuit protection Answer: C) Ground fault protection 45. A snubber circuit is used to: A) Limit voltage spikes B) Increase power factor C) Store electrical energy D) Regulate voltage Answer: A) Limit voltage spikes 46. The damping ratio of a control system determines its: A) Speed of response B) Stability C) Maximum output voltage D) Efficiency Answer: B) Stability 47. The Laplace transform is commonly used in control systems to: A) Analyze steady-state behavior B) Convert DC to AC C) Model mechanical systems D) Analyze transient response Answer: D) Analyze transient response 48. A flyback converter is commonly used in applications requiring: A) High voltage outputs B) Low voltage outputs C) DC to AC conversion D) AC to DC conversion Answer: A) High voltage outputs 49. A soft starter is used to: A) Protect motors from overcurrent B) Control motor speed C) Reduce inrush current D) Improve power factor Answer: C) Reduce inrush current 50. A PID controller is widely used in control systems because it: A) Is easy to implement B) Provides precise control C) Requires minimal maintenance D) Operates without electrical power Answer: B) Provides precise control

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