Agriculture MCQs

1. Which of the following techniques is most commonly used to transfer foreign genes into plant cells for genetic modification? a) Electroporation b) Particle bombardment c) Protoplast fusion d) Agrobacterium-mediated transformation Answer: d) Agrobacterium-mediated transformation Explanation: Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is the most widely used technique for introducing foreign genes into plants. The bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens transfers … Read more

1. Which of the following breeding methods is most commonly used to improve the yield potential of cereal crops? a) Hybridization b) Mutagenesis c) Clonal selection d) Backcross breeding Answer: a) Hybridization Explanation: Hybridization is the primary method used to increase the yield potential of cereal crops by crossing genetically distinct varieties to combine desirable … Read more

1. Which of the following is a primary focus in maize breeding for increasing yield potential? a) Shortening the plant height b) Enhancing pest resistance c) Increasing kernel number and size d) Reducing flowering time Answer: c) Increasing kernel number and size Explanation: One of the main objectives in maize breeding is to increase kernel … Read more

1. Which of the following is the primary goal of fiber crop breeding? a) Increasing the seed yield b) Enhancing fiber length and quality c) Improving the plant’s resistance to diseases d) Reducing the time to harvest Answer: b) Enhancing fiber length and quality Explanation: The primary goal in fiber crop breeding is to enhance … Read more

1. Which of the following algorithms is primarily used for sequence alignment in bioinformatics? a) Smith-Waterman b) K-means clustering c) Random Forest d) Euclidean distance Answer: a) Smith-Waterman Explanation: The Smith-Waterman algorithm is used for local sequence alignment, which aligns two sequences and finds the optimal local alignment between them, unlike global alignment methods like … Read more

1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good hypothesis in scientific research? a) It must be testable b) It should be based on existing knowledge and literature c) It must always lead to a positive result d) It should be specific and focused Answer: c) It must always lead to a … Read more

1. In a dihybrid cross between two heterozygous individuals (AaBb x AaBb), the expected phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation is: a) 9:3:3:1 b) 1:2:1 c) 3:1 d) 1:1:1:1 Answer: a) 9:3:3:1 Explanation: The dihybrid cross between two heterozygous individuals (AaBb x AaBb) typically produces a 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation, where 9 … Read more

1. Which of the following techniques is used to generate genetically modified plants by introducing foreign genes into their genome? a) Somatic hybridization b) CRISPR-Cas9 c) Polyploidization d) Genetic engineering Answer: d) Genetic engineering Explanation: Genetic engineering involves introducing foreign genes into a plant’s genome, often through methods like Agrobacterium-mediated transformation or biolistic particle bombardment. … Read more

1. Which of the following is NOT a basic assumption of normal distribution in plant biometry? a) The data is symmetrically distributed around the mean b) The distribution has a bell-shaped curve c) Data points are clustered around the median d) The variance of the data is constant across the range of values Answer: c) … Read more

1. Which of the following processes is responsible for the formation of genetic recombination in meiosis? a) Independent assortment b) Crossing over c) Cytokinesis d) DNA replication Answer: b) Crossing over Explanation: Crossing over occurs during meiosis, specifically in prophase I, and results in the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes, leading to genetic … Read more