Q1. What is the primary purpose of crop rotation in sustainable agriculture?
a) To increase soil fertility by reducing the need for fertilizers
b) To prevent soil erosion by maintaining continuous vegetation cover
c) To reduce pest and disease pressure by disrupting pest life cycles
d) To maximize the use of irrigation resources
Answer: c) To reduce pest and disease pressure by disrupting pest life cycles
Q2. In agroecology, which of the following best describes the role of biodiversity in agricultural systems?
a) Biodiversity only increases aesthetic value and has no economic impact.
b) Higher biodiversity in farming systems leads to more stable and resilient agricultural production.
c) Biodiversity is irrelevant for industrial agriculture.
d) Increased biodiversity always reduces agricultural productivity.
Answer: b) Higher biodiversity in farming systems leads to more stable and resilient agricultural production.
Q3. The Green Revolution in agriculture was primarily associated with which of the following?
a) Introduction of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in all crop species
b) Development of high-yielding varieties, intensive irrigation, and chemical fertilizers
c) Emphasis on organic farming techniques and crop diversification
d) Use of livestock in integrated farming systems
Answer: b) Development of high-yielding varieties, intensive irrigation, and chemical fertilizers
Q4. Which of the following types of soil is most suitable for rice cultivation?
a) Sandy soil with good drainage
b) Clay soil that can hold water for extended periods
c) Loamy soil with a balance of nutrients and drainage
d) Chalky soil with high alkaline content
Answer: b) Clay soil that can hold water for extended periods
Q5. The process of nitrogen fixation in soil is primarily carried out by:
a) Green plants absorbing atmospheric nitrogen
b) Symbiotic bacteria in the roots of leguminous plants
c) Organic matter decomposing in the soil
d) The application of nitrogen fertilizers
Answer: b) Symbiotic bacteria in the roots of leguminous plants
Q6. In integrated pest management (IPM), which of the following strategies is least likely to be employed?
a) Using chemical pesticides as the first line of defense
b) Encouraging natural predators and parasites of pests
c) Rotating crops to disrupt pest life cycles
d) Applying biological controls like neem or pheromones
Answer: a) Using chemical pesticides as the first line of defense
Q7. Which agricultural practice is most effective in preventing soil erosion on steep slopes?
a) Deep plowing and soil inversion
b) Use of cover crops and contour farming
c) Excessive irrigation
d) Monoculture planting without mulching
Answer: b) Use of cover crops and contour farming
Q8. Which of the following statements about agroforestry is false?
a) Agroforestry integrates trees into agricultural land for the benefit of both the trees and crops.
b) Agroforestry systems can enhance biodiversity and improve soil quality.
c) Agroforestry is only beneficial in tropical climates.
d) Agroforestry helps in the conservation of water and reduction of soil erosion.
Answer: c) Agroforestry is only beneficial in tropical climates.
Q9. The concept of “soil health” refers to:
a) The amount of nutrients available in the soil for plant growth
b) The absence of weeds and pests in the soil
c) The biological, chemical, and physical properties of the soil that support plant growth and ecosystem functions
d) The frequency of fertilization applied to the soil
Answer: c) The biological, chemical, and physical properties of the soil that support plant growth and ecosystem functions
Q10. Which of the following is the most critical factor in determining the success of precision agriculture?
a) Use of genetically modified seeds
b) Availability of advanced GPS and remote sensing technologies
c) Application of organic fertilizers
d) Traditional farming methods and practices
Answer: b) Availability of advanced GPS and remote sensing technologies