Space Mechanics and Orbital Dynamics MCQs

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1. What is Kepler’s first law of planetary motion?





2. Which orbital parameter determines the shape of an orbit around a central body?





3. In orbital mechanics, what does the term “apoapsis” refer to?





4. Which orbital maneuver is used to change the inclination of a satellite’s orbit?





5. What is the primary function of a delta-v budget in space mission planning?





6. Which law states that the angular momentum of a body in an orbit remains constant unless acted upon by an external torque?





7. What is the primary factor influencing the duration of a satellite’s orbital period around a planet?





8. Which orbital parameter defines the tilt of an orbit relative to the equatorial plane of a central body?





9. Which type of orbit is used by GPS satellites to ensure global coverage and precise positioning?





10. What is the primary advantage of a geostationary orbit (GEO) for communication satellites?





11. Which orbital maneuver is used to transfer a spacecraft from a low Earth orbit (LEO) to a geostationary orbit (GEO)?





12. What is the primary purpose of a gravitational assist maneuver in space missions?





13. Which type of orbit is typically used by Earth observation satellites to cover the entire globe?





14. What is the primary function of a sun-synchronous orbit (SSO) in remote sensing missions?





15. Which orbital parameter defines the point in an orbit where the spacecraft is closest to the central body?





16. In space mission planning, what does the term “orbital decay” refer to?





17. Which law of orbital mechanics states that a satellite will travel faster in its orbit when closer to the central body?





18. What is the primary function of a launch window in space mission planning?





19. Which orbital maneuver is used to transfer a spacecraft from one circular orbit to another at a different altitude?





20. What is the primary advantage of a bi-elliptic transfer orbit over a Hohmann transfer orbit?





21. Which type of orbit is used by space telescopes to avoid interference from Earth’s atmosphere?





22. In orbital mechanics, what does the term “orbital precession” refer to?





23. What is the primary purpose of a retrograde orbit around a celestial body?





24. Which type of orbital maneuver is used to circularize an elliptical orbit?





25. What is the primary function of a gravitational slingshot maneuver in space missions?





26. Which orbital parameter determines the orientation of an orbit’s ellipse in space?





27. In orbital mechanics, what does the term “orbital period” refer to?





28. Which law of orbital mechanics states that the total energy of a satellite in orbit remains constant?





29. What is the primary function of a payload fairing during launch vehicle ascent?





30. What is the term for the point in an orbit where the spacecraft is farthest from the central body?





31. Which orbital parameter defines the angle between the orbital plane and the equatorial plane of the central body?





32. What is the primary purpose of a Molniya orbit used by communication satellites?





33. Which type of orbit is commonly used for interplanetary missions due to its stability and low fuel requirements?





34. What is the primary advantage of a polar orbit for Earth observation missions?





35. In orbital mechanics, what is the term for the time taken for a satellite to complete one orbit around its primary body?





36. Which orbital maneuver is used to rendezvous with another spacecraft in orbit?





37. What is the primary challenge faced by spacecraft in low Earth orbit (LEO) due to atmospheric drag?





38. Which law of orbital mechanics states that the line joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal times?





39. What is the primary function of a sunshield on space telescopes?





40. Which orbital parameter defines the point in an orbit where the spacecraft is closest to the central body?





41. In orbital mechanics, what does the term “orbital inclination” refer to?





42. Which orbital maneuver is used to raise the periapsis of a spacecraft’s orbit?





43. What is the primary function of a gravitational assist maneuver in space missions?





44. Which type of orbit is used by space observatories to maintain a constant view of a specific celestial object?





45. What is the primary challenge faced by spacecraft in geostationary orbit (GEO)?





46. Which law of orbital mechanics states that every body in the universe attracts every other body with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers?





47. What is the primary function of reaction wheels on spacecraft?





48. Which type of orbit is used by satellites to continuously monitor weather patterns on Earth?





49. What is the primary purpose of a thruster on a spacecraft?





 

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