Role of diet in health and disease MCQs Food science December 27, 2025August 5, 2024 by u930973931_answers 50 min Score: 0 Attempted: 0/50 Subscribe 1. . Which diet is commonly recommended for managing hypertension? (A) Mediterranean diet (B) High-fat diet (C) Low-carbohydrate diet (D) Low-protein diet 2. . What is the primary health benefit of a high-fiber diet? (A) Improved vision (B) Enhanced cognitive function (C) Increased muscle strength (D) Better digestive health 3. . Which nutrient is essential for bone health and is often recommended to prevent osteoporosis? (A) Vitamin D (B) Vitamin C (C) Vitamin B12 (D) Vitamin A 4. . What role does omega-3 fatty acids play in heart health? (A) They increase cholesterol levels (B) They decrease blood sugar levels (C) They reduce blood pressure (D) They reduce inflammation and improve heart function 5. . Which vitamin is important for maintaining a healthy immune system? (A) Vitamin K (B) Vitamin E (C) Vitamin A (D) Vitamin B6 6. . Which type of diet is often recommended to manage diabetes? (A) Low-fat diet (B) Low-sodium diet (C) Low-glycemic diet (D) High-protein diet 7. . What is the primary function of dietary fiber in preventing cardiovascular disease? (A) Increasing blood sugar levels (B) Reducing cholesterol levels (C) Enhancing protein synthesis (D) Improving vision 8. . Which mineral is crucial for maintaining healthy thyroid function? (A) Iron (B) Calcium (C) Magnesium (D) Iodine 9. . What is a potential consequence of excessive sodium intake? (A) Increased risk of hypertension (B) Improved bone density (C) Decreased risk of diabetes (D) Enhanced muscle function 10. . Which nutrient deficiency is commonly associated with anemia? (A) Vitamin D (B) Calcium (C) Vitamin C (D) Vitamin B12 11. . Which diet is recommended for reducing inflammation in the body? (A) Low-fat diet (B) High-sugar diet (C) Anti-inflammatory diet (D) Low-protein diet 12. . What role does calcium play in the prevention of osteoporosis? (A) Strengthening bones (B) Enhancing muscle growth (C) Reducing inflammation (D) Regulating blood pressure 13. . Which type of diet is often recommended for weight management and metabolic health? (A) High-protein diet (B) Low-carb, high-fat diet (C) High-carbohydrate diet (D) Low-protein diet 14. . What is the impact of a high-sugar diet on overall health? (A) Increased risk of obesity and diabetes (B) Improved bone density (C) Enhanced cognitive function (D) Better digestion 15. . Which nutrient is important for the synthesis of collagen and wound healing? (A) Vitamin C (B) Vitamin A (C) Vitamin E (D) Vitamin D 16. . What is the primary health benefit of a diet rich in antioxidants? (A) Enhanced muscle growth (B) Increased appetite (C) Reduced oxidative stress and cellular damage (D) Improved hydration 17. . Which food component can help lower cholesterol levels? (A) Saturated fats (B) Soluble fiber (C) Trans fats (D) Added sugars 18. . What role does magnesium play in overall health? (A) Enhancing protein synthesis (B) Supporting muscle and nerve function (C) Increasing blood sugar levels (D) Enhancing vision 19. . Which dietary pattern is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease? (A) Mediterranean diet (B) Low-fat, high-sugar diet (C) High-sodium diet (D) High-red meat diet 20. . Which type of fat is recommended to be minimized to support heart health? (A) Unsaturated fats (B) Trans fats (C) Monounsaturated fats (D) Omega-3 fatty acids 21. . What is the primary health benefit of a diet high in potassium? (A) Improved bone health (B) Reduced risk of hypertension (C) Enhanced cognitive function (D) Increased energy levels 22. . Which nutrient is important for maintaining healthy skin and hair? (A) Vitamin B12 (B) Vitamin D (C) Vitamin A (D) Vitamin K 23. . What is the impact of a high-protein diet on kidney function? (A) Improved digestion (B) Enhanced bone density (C) Better immune function (D) Increased workload on kidneys 24. . Which of the following is a benefit of consuming omega-3 fatty acids? (A) Enhanced skin health (B) Increased cholesterol levels (C) Reduced inflammation (D) Improved digestion 25. . What is the role of dietary fiber in managing blood sugar levels? (A) Increasing blood sugar spikes (B) Enhancing digestive health (C) Slowing the absorption of sugar (D) Increasing insulin production 26. . Which vitamin is essential for proper blood clotting? (A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin C (C) Vitamin E (D) Vitamin K 27. . What is a common dietary recommendation for managing obesity? (A) High-sugar diet (B) Low-calorie, balanced diet (C) High-fat diet (D) Low-protein diet 28. . Which food group is rich in probiotics that support gut health? (A) Fruits (B) Meat (C) Whole grains (D) Yogurt 29. . What is the role of iron in the diet? (A) Supporting bone health (B) Enhancing vision (C) Preventing anemia by aiding in red blood cell formation (D) Improving skin texture 30. . Which nutrient is crucial for maintaining healthy vision? (A) Vitamin C (B) Vitamin E (C) Vitamin A (D) Vitamin D 31. . What impact does a diet high in saturated fats have on health? (A) Reduced risk of heart disease (B) Increased cholesterol levels and risk of heart disease (C) Improved cognitive function (D) Enhanced muscle mass 32. . Which mineral is essential for energy metabolism and is found in whole grains and legumes? (A) Magnesium (B) Zinc (C) Calcium (D) Iron 33. . Which dietary pattern is recommended to reduce the risk of cancer? (A) High-fat, low-fiber diet (B) Low-fiber, high-sugar diet (C) Plant-based diet high in fruits and vegetables (D) High-protein, low-carbohydrate diet 34. . What is the primary benefit of a diet high in whole grains? (A) Increased risk of heart disease (B) Increased energy levels (C) Improved skin health (D) Enhanced digestive health and reduced risk of chronic diseases 35. . Which of the following is a common dietary recommendation for managing type 2 diabetes? (A) High-carbohydrate, low-protein diet (B) Low-fiber, high-calorie diet (C) High-sugar, low-fat diet (D) Low-glycemic, balanced diet 36. . What is the role of zinc in the diet? (A) Enhancing digestion (B) Supporting immune function and wound healing (C) Improving vision (D) Increasing bone density 37. . Which type of dietary fat is considered heart-healthy and can help reduce LDL cholesterol levels? (A) Monounsaturated fats (B) Saturated fats (C) Trans fats (D) Polyunsaturated fats 38. . Which dietary pattern is associated with a reduced risk of developing metabolic syndrome? (A) High-sugar, low-fiber diet (B) Low-protein, high-fat diet (C) High-carbohydrate, low-fat diet (D) Balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains 39. . What impact does a diet high in processed foods have on health? (A) Reduced risk of chronic diseases (B) Improved digestive health (C) Increased risk of obesity, cardiovascular disease, and other health issues (D) Enhanced cognitive function 40. . Which vitamin deficiency is often linked to an increased risk of rickets in children? (A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin K (C) Vitamin E (D) Vitamin D 41. . Which food is commonly recommended for improving mental health and cognitive function? (A) Processed snacks (B) Leafy green vegetables (C) Sugary drinks (D) High-fat meats 42. . What is a key component of a diet that supports kidney health? (A) Low-sodium foods (B) High-protein foods (C) High-fat foods (D) High-sugar foods 43. . Which mineral is important for maintaining healthy blood pressure levels? (A) Sodium (B) Potassium (C) Iron (D) Calcium 44. . What is the role of selenium in the diet? (A) Supporting thyroid function and acting as an antioxidant (B) Enhancing bone health (C) Improving skin texture (D) Increasing muscle mass 45. . Which dietary approach is often recommended for managing inflammatory conditions? (A) High-sugar diet (B) High-protein diet (C) Low-carbohydrate diet (D) Anti-inflammatory diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acids 46. . Which food group is rich in antioxidants that may help reduce the risk of chronic diseases? (A) Fruits and vegetables (B) Processed meats (C) White bread (D) Sugary snacks 47. . What impact does excessive alcohol consumption have on health? (A) Improved cardiovascular health (B) Enhanced cognitive function (C) Increased risk of liver disease and certain cancers (D) Improved bone density 48. . Which of the following is a benefit of consuming foods rich in B vitamins? (A) Enhanced skin health (B) Improved energy metabolism and brain function (C) Increased muscle growth (D) Better vision 49. . What is the role of dietary fats in hormone production? (A) Providing energy only (B) Enhancing cognitive function (C) Supporting the synthesis of hormones and cellular function (D) Reducing oxidative stress 50. . Which food is often recommended for its role in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease? (A) Red meat (B) Fried foods (C) Whole grains (D) Sugary beverages