Real-Time Operating Systems (RTOS) MCQs

What is a Real-Time Operating System (RTOS)? A) An OS that handles real-time applications B) An OS designed for gaming C) An OS that handles large-scale data processing D) An OS for multimedia applications Answer: A) An OS that handles real-time applications Which of the following is a key characteristic of a real-time operating system? A) Predictable response times B) High processing power C) Large memory capacity D) High-level programming language support Answer: A) Predictable response times What is the primary purpose of a task scheduler in an RTOS? A) To manage and allocate CPU time to tasks B) To handle network communications C) To manage file systems D) To provide graphical user interfaces Answer: A) To manage and allocate CPU time to tasks Which scheduling algorithm is commonly used in real-time operating systems? A) Round-Robin B) First-Come-First-Served C) Rate Monotonic Scheduling D) Shortest Job First Answer: C) Rate Monotonic Scheduling What is the main difference between hard real-time and soft real-time systems? A) Hard real-time systems have strict timing constraints, while soft real-time systems have more flexible constraints B) Soft real-time systems are used in embedded systems, while hard real-time systems are used in desktop computers C) Hard real-time systems support multiple tasks, while soft real-time systems do not D) Soft real-time systems have higher priority than hard real-time systems Answer: A) Hard real-time systems have strict timing constraints, while soft real-time systems have more flexible constraints Which of the following is a feature of an RTOS? A) Multi-threading B) Multi-user support C) High-level graphical interface D) Extensive file management Answer: A) Multi-threading What is a “task” in the context of an RTOS? A) A basic unit of work that the OS manages B) A process that handles network communication C) A system service that manages hardware D) A high-level application component Answer: A) A basic unit of work that the OS manages Which RTOS feature ensures that high-priority tasks are not blocked by lower-priority tasks? A) Priority Inversion B) Task Preemption C) Multitasking D) Memory Protection Answer: B) Task Preemption What does the term “context switch” refer to in an RTOS? A) Switching between tasks and saving their states B) Switching between different types of user interfaces C) Switching between different hardware components D) Switching between different programming languages Answer: A) Switching between tasks and saving their states What is the purpose of “inter-process communication” (IPC) in an RTOS? A) To allow tasks to communicate and synchronize with each other B) To manage file storage C) To handle network connections D) To execute external programs Answer: A) To allow tasks to communicate and synchronize with each other Which RTOS scheduling algorithm is designed to handle periodic tasks? A) Rate Monotonic Scheduling B) First-Come-First-Served C) Round-Robin Scheduling D) Shortest Job First Answer: A) Rate Monotonic Scheduling What does “priority inversion” mean in an RTOS? A) A situation where a lower-priority task blocks a higher-priority task B) A method for increasing task priorities C) A technique for scheduling tasks in reverse order D) A feature for inverting task priorities dynamically Answer: A) A situation where a lower-priority task blocks a higher-priority task In an RTOS, what is “deadlock”? A) A situation where tasks are stuck waiting for each other to release resources B) A feature that prevents task execution C) A technique for reducing task priority D) A method for increasing task efficiency Answer: A) A situation where tasks are stuck waiting for each other to release resources Which RTOS feature helps to avoid task starvation? A) Priority Inheritance B) Task Preemption C) Context Switching D) Time Slicing Answer: A) Priority Inheritance What does “task synchronization” involve in an RTOS? A) Ensuring tasks operate in a coordinated manner without conflicts B) Synchronizing hardware components C) Managing network protocols D) Handling graphical user interfaces Answer: A) Ensuring tasks operate in a coordinated manner without conflicts Which RTOS feature allows multiple tasks to execute simultaneously? A) Multitasking B) File Management C) Memory Protection D) System Calls Answer: A) Multitasking What is “task priority” in the context of an RTOS? A) The importance level assigned to a task that determines its execution order B) The memory allocated to a task C) The time slice given to a task D) The number of resources assigned to a task Answer: A) The importance level assigned to a task that determines its execution order Which of the following is NOT a common RTOS? A) FreeRTOS B) VxWorks C) Windows 10 D) QNX Answer: C) Windows 10 What does “time slicing” mean in an RTOS? A) Dividing CPU time into small intervals for task execution B) Cutting tasks into smaller segments for easier management C) Allocating memory in slices for different tasks D) Slicing data for processing Answer: A) Dividing CPU time into small intervals for task execution In RTOS, what is a “semaphore”? A) A synchronization tool used to manage access to shared resources B) A tool for managing memory allocation C) A communication protocol D) A hardware component Answer: A) A synchronization tool used to manage access to shared resources Which of the following is a common RTOS feature used for time-based operations? A) Timers B) File Systems C) Network Stacks D) Graphical User Interfaces Answer: A) Timers What is “real-time clock” (RTC) used for in an RTOS? A) To keep track of the current time and date in real-time applications B) To measure task execution time C) To manage system interrupts D) To control task scheduling Answer: A) To keep track of the current time and date in real-time applications What does the term “latency” refer to in RTOS? A) The delay between task initiation and its execution B) The speed of the microcontroller C) The amount of memory used by a task D) The bandwidth of communication channels Answer: A) The delay between task initiation and its execution What is “preemptive multitasking” in RTOS? A) The ability of the OS to interrupt and switch between tasks to ensure higher-priority tasks are executed first B) The ability to run multiple tasks simultaneously without interruption C) The process of managing multiple user interfaces D) The process of handling external interrupts Answer: A) The ability of the OS to interrupt and switch between tasks to ensure higher-priority tasks are executed first What is a “task state” in RTOS? A) The current condition of a task (e.g., running, ready, waiting) B) The memory allocated to a task C) The priority assigned to a task D) The time slice assigned to a task Answer: A) The current condition of a task (e.g., running, ready, waiting) Which RTOS feature helps in handling multiple tasks with different execution rates? A) Rate Monotonic Scheduling B) Time Slicing C) Multithreading D) Memory Management Answer: A) Rate Monotonic Scheduling What does “task blocking” mean in RTOS? A) A task is waiting for a resource to become available B) A task is preventing other tasks from executing C) A task is paused for a specified time D) A task is removed from the task list Answer: A) A task is waiting for a resource to become available Which mechanism in RTOS is used to handle shared resource access? A) Mutex B) Semaphore C) Queue D) Timer Answer: B) Semaphore What is the purpose of a “message queue” in an RTOS? A) To manage communication between tasks by storing messages B) To allocate memory to tasks C) To manage task priorities D) To control task execution timing Answer: A) To manage communication between tasks by storing messages What does “real-time performance” in RTOS refer to? A) The ability of the system to meet deadlines consistently B) The speed of data processing C) The capability to handle large amounts of data D) The efficiency of memory usage Answer: A) The ability of the system to meet deadlines consistently Which RTOS feature helps to avoid priority inversion? A) Priority Inheritance Protocol B) Time Slicing C) Task Blocking D) Rate Monotonic Scheduling Answer: A) Priority Inheritance Protocol What is the role of the “kernel” in an RTOS? A) To manage system resources and provide services to tasks B) To handle user interfaces C) To manage file systems D) To handle network communication Answer: A) To manage system resources and provide services to tasks Which of the following is NOT a real-time operating system characteristic? A) High memory usage B) Predictable timing C) Task prioritization D) Low latency Answer: A) High memory usage What is “task synchronization” used for in RTOS? A) To ensure that tasks are executed in a coordinated manner without conflicts B) To manage task memory allocation C) To handle network communications D) To control task execution order Answer: A) To ensure that tasks are executed in a coordinated manner without conflicts What does “context switching” involve in RTOS? A) Saving and restoring the state of a task when switching between tasks B) Changing the execution priority of a task C) Switching between different user interfaces D) Switching between different communication protocols Answer: A) Saving and restoring the state of a task when switching between tasks Which scheduling strategy is best suited for systems with tasks having varying execution times? A) Earliest Deadline First (EDF) B) Round-Robin C) Rate Monotonic Scheduling D) Shortest Job First Answer: A) Earliest Deadline First (EDF) What is “latency” in the context of RTOS? A) The time delay between task initiation and its execution B) The amount of CPU time used by a task C) The speed of data transfer D) The amount of memory used by a task Answer: A) The time delay between task initiation and its execution Which RTOS feature helps in minimizing the effects of task delays? A) Preemptive Scheduling B) Non-Preemptive Scheduling C) Cooperative Multitasking D) Thread Pooling Answer: A) Preemptive Scheduling What is a “real-time task” in RTOS? A) A task that must meet specific timing constraints B) A task that runs continuously without interruption C) A task that handles user input D) A task that manages file operations Answer: A) A task that must meet specific timing constraints Which RTOS feature is used to handle events triggered by external inputs? A) Interrupt Handling B) Semaphore C) Timer D) Queue Answer: A) Interrupt Handling What is the function of a “timer” in RTOS? A) To measure time intervals for task scheduling and management B) To manage task priorities C) To handle data storage D) To manage user interfaces Answer: A) To measure time intervals for task scheduling and management What does “task preemption” involve in an RTOS? A) Interrupting a currently running task to execute a higher-priority task B) Scheduling tasks based on their arrival time C) Allocating CPU time equally among all tasks D) Running multiple tasks simultaneously without interruption Answer: A) Interrupting a currently running task to execute a higher-priority task Which RTOS feature helps in handling multiple tasks with different priorities? A) Priority Scheduling B) Time Slicing C) Cooperative Multitasking D) Thread Synchronization Answer: A) Priority Scheduling What is the purpose of “thread synchronization” in an RTOS? A) To coordinate the execution of threads to avoid conflicts B) To manage task memory allocation C) To handle network communication D) To execute tasks in parallel Answer: A) To coordinate the execution of threads to avoid conflicts Which of the following is a common technique to avoid task starvation in RTOS? A) Aging B) Priority Inheritance C) Time Slicing D) Preemptive Scheduling Answer: A) Aging What is “task management” in RTOS? A) The process of creating, scheduling, and terminating tasks B) The management of user interfaces C) The handling of external interrupts D) The allocation of memory resources Answer: A) The process of creating, scheduling, and terminating tasks Which RTOS feature helps to manage resources shared among multiple tasks? A) Mutex B) Timer C) Queue D) Semaphore Answer: A) Mutex What is “real-time scheduling” in RTOS? A) Scheduling tasks based on their timing constraints to meet deadlines B) Scheduling tasks based on their arrival time C) Scheduling tasks to maximize CPU utilization D) Scheduling tasks based on their priority levels only Answer: A) Scheduling tasks based on their timing constraints to meet deadlines What does “task blocking” mean in RTOS? A) A task is waiting for a resource or event to proceed B) A task is prevented from being executed C) A task is terminated D) A task is paused for a specified time Answer: A) A task is waiting for a resource or event to proceed Which RTOS feature is used to handle and prioritize multiple tasks? A) Task Scheduler B) Memory Manager C) File System D) Network Stack Answer: A) Task Scheduler