Probiotics and prebiotics MCQs

1. What are probiotics?
a) Non-digestible fibers
b) Live microorganisms that provide health benefits
c) Synthetic vitamins
d) Hormones that aid digestion
Answer: b) Live microorganisms that provide health benefits

2. Which of the following is a common probiotic bacterium?
a) Escherichia coli
b) Lactobacillus acidophilus
c) Staphylococcus aureus
d) Salmonella enterica
Answer: b) Lactobacillus acidophilus

3. What is a prebiotic?
a) A type of probiotic
b) A non-digestible food ingredient that promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria
c) A live culture of bacteria
d) An enzyme that aids digestion
Answer: b) A non-digestible food ingredient that promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria

4. Which of the following is a common prebiotic?
a) Lactobacillus rhamnosus
b) Bifidobacterium bifidum
c) Inulin
d) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Answer: c) Inulin

5. Which of the following foods is a good source of probiotics?
a) Garlic
b) Yogurt
c) Broccoli
d) Apples
Answer: b) Yogurt

6. Which strain of probiotic is commonly found in fermented dairy products?
a) Lactobacillus reuteri
b) Bifidobacterium longum
c) Lactobacillus bulgaricus
d) Streptococcus thermophilus
Answer: c) Lactobacillus bulgaricus

7. Which of the following is NOT a benefit commonly associated with probiotics?
a) Enhanced digestion
b) Improved immune function
c) Increased risk of bacterial infections
d) Reduced symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
Answer: c) Increased risk of bacterial infections

8. Which prebiotic is commonly used to improve gut health?
a) Lactulose
b) Vitamin C
c) Zinc
d) Fiber
Answer: a) Lactulose

9. What is the primary role of prebiotics in the digestive system?
a) To directly kill pathogenic bacteria
b) To provide energy for cells
c) To stimulate the growth of beneficial gut bacteria
d) To aid in the absorption of vitamins
Answer: c) To stimulate the growth of beneficial gut bacteria

10. Which of the following foods is a good source of both probiotics and prebiotics?
a) Milk
b) Bananas
c) Cheese
d) Whole grains
Answer: b) Bananas

11. What is the common method used to produce probiotic yogurt?
a) Pasteurization
b) Fermentation
c) Hydrogenation
d) Dehydration
Answer: b) Fermentation

12. Which probiotic strain is known for its ability to survive passage through the gastrointestinal tract?
a) Lactobacillus plantarum
b) Lactobacillus casei
c) Bifidobacterium bifidum
d) Lactobacillus reuteri
Answer: d) Lactobacillus reuteri

13. Which of the following is a benefit of consuming prebiotics?
a) Reduces cholesterol levels
b) Increases blood pressure
c) Enhances the growth of beneficial gut bacteria
d) Causes weight gain
Answer: c) Enhances the growth of beneficial gut bacteria

14. Which type of fiber is classified as a prebiotic?
a) Soluble fiber
b) Insoluble fiber
c) Cellulose
d) Lignin
Answer: a) Soluble fiber

15. What effect do probiotics have on lactose intolerance?
a) They completely cure lactose intolerance
b) They have no effect on lactose intolerance
c) They help break down lactose, reducing symptoms
d) They increase symptoms of lactose intolerance
Answer: c) They help break down lactose, reducing symptoms

16. Which food is typically fortified with probiotics?
a) White bread
b) Orange juice
c) Pasta
d) Butter
Answer: b) Orange juice

17. Which bacteria are typically involved in the production of sauerkraut?
a) Lactobacillus plantarum
b) Bifidobacterium bifidum
c) Streptococcus thermophilus
d) Bacillus subtilis
Answer: a) Lactobacillus plantarum

18. Which type of carbohydrate is NOT considered a prebiotic?
a) Fructooligosaccharides
b) Galactooligosaccharides
c) Lactose
d) Inulin
Answer: c) Lactose

19. Which food is rich in inulin?
a) Onions
b) Beef
c) Chicken
d) Eggs
Answer: a) Onions

20. What role do probiotics play in the immune system?
a) They suppress immune responses
b) They enhance immune responses
c) They destroy immune cells
d) They have no effect on the immune system
Answer: b) They enhance immune responses

21. Which of the following is NOT a common source of prebiotics?
a) Oats
b) Apples
c) White rice
d) Garlic
Answer: c) White rice

22. Which strain of probiotics is often used to treat diarrhea?
a) Lactobacillus reuteri
b) Lactobacillus acidophilus
c) Bifidobacterium infantis
d) Streptococcus thermophilus
Answer: a) Lactobacillus reuteri

23. Which health condition can be improved by consuming prebiotics?
a) Diabetes
b) Osteoporosis
c) Constipation
d) Asthma
Answer: c) Constipation

24. Which of the following foods is a rich source of probiotics and prebiotics?
a) Almonds
b) Yogurt with added fiber
c) Ice cream
d) Red meat
Answer: b) Yogurt with added fiber

25. Which of the following probiotics is known for its use in treating irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?
a) Lactobacillus plantarum
b) Bifidobacterium longum
c) Lactobacillus casei
d) Lactobacillus acidophilus
Answer: a) Lactobacillus plantarum

26. Which of the following is a characteristic of prebiotics?
a) They are destroyed by heat
b) They are digestible by humans
c) They are fermented by beneficial gut bacteria
d) They inhibit the growth of probiotics
Answer: c) They are fermented by beneficial gut bacteria

27. Which probiotic strain is often used in dairy products like yogurt and kefir?
a) Lactobacillus acidophilus
b) Bifidobacterium bifidum
c) Streptococcus salivarius
d) Lactobacillus reuteri
Answer: a) Lactobacillus acidophilus

28. Which food is a common source of probiotics found in Asian diets?
a) Kimchi
b) Pizza
c) Pasta
d) Croissants
Answer: a) Kimchi

29. Which type of food is least likely to contain prebiotics?
a) Whole grains
b) Fruits and vegetables
c) Refined sugars
d) Legumes
Answer: c) Refined sugars

30. Which enzyme do probiotics help to break down in the digestive system?
a) Amylase
b) Lactase
c) Pepsin
d) Lipase
Answer: b) Lactase

31. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of consuming prebiotics?
a) Improved gut health
b) Reduced inflammation
c) Increased muscle mass
d) Enhanced absorption of minerals
Answer: c) Increased muscle mass

32. Which probiotic is associated with reducing symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?
a) Lactobacillus reuteri
b) Bifidobacterium longum
c) Lactobacillus plantarum
d) Saccharomyces boulardii
Answer: c) Lactobacillus plantarum

33. Which food is rich in both probiotics and prebiotics?
a) Chicken breast
b) Whole grain cereal with yogurt
c) White rice
d) French fries
Answer: b) Whole grain cereal with yogurt

34. Which probiotic strain is commonly found in fermented milk products?
a) Lactobacillus reuteri
b) Lactobacillus rhamnosus
c) Lactobacillus bulgaricus
d) Lactobacillus casei
Answer: c) Lactobacillus bulgaricus

35. Which food is an example of a prebiotic-rich vegetable?
a) Carrots
b) Potatoes
c) Onions
d) Lettuce
Answer: c) Onions

36. Which microorganism is often used in the production of kefir?
a) Lactobacillus acidophilus
b) Lactobacillus kefiri
c) Bifidobacterium bifidum
d) Streptococcus thermophilus
Answer: b) Lactobacillus kefiri

37. Which of the following is a common prebiotic supplement?
a) Psyllium husk
b) Vitamin D
c) Iron
d) Calcium
Answer: a) Psyllium husk

38. Which of the following is NOT a type of prebiotic fiber?
a) Fructooligosaccharides
b) Galactooligosaccharides
c) Cellulose
d) Polysaccharides
Answer: d) Polysaccharides

39. Which type of dietary fiber has prebiotic effects?
a) Soluble fiber
b) Insoluble fiber
c) Both soluble and insoluble fiber
d) None of the above
Answer: a) Soluble fiber

40. Which strain of probiotics is known for its role in reducing diarrhea in infants?
a) Lactobacillus reuteri
b) Bifidobacterium bifidum
c) Lactobacillus casei
d) Lactobacillus acidophilus
Answer: a) Lactobacillus reuteri

41. Which food is a traditional source of probiotics in Japanese cuisine?
a) Miso
b) Sushi
c) Ramen
d) Tempura
Answer: a) Miso

42. Which probiotic strain is often added to dietary supplements for gut health?
a) Lactobacillus acidophilus
b) Bacillus coagulans
c) Bifidobacterium lactis
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

43. Which type of fiber is classified as a prebiotic in the human diet?
a) Pectin
b) Cellulose
c) Hemicellulose
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

44. What is the role of prebiotics in managing blood sugar levels?
a) They lower blood sugar directly
b) They improve insulin sensitivity
c) They increase blood sugar
d) They have no effect on blood sugar levels
Answer: b) They improve insulin sensitivity

45. Which bacteria are used in the production of probiotic milk drinks?
a) Lactobacillus and Streptococcus
b) Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus
c) Saccharomyces and Candida
d) Lactobacillus and Saccharomyces
Answer: b) Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus

46. Which food product is enriched with both probiotics and prebiotics?
a) Ice cream
b) Cheese
c) Yogurt with added fiber
d) Fruit juice
Answer: c) Yogurt with added fiber

47. Which strain of probiotic is used to help with urinary tract infections (UTIs)?
a) Lactobacillus rhamnosus
b) Lactobacillus casei
c) Bifidobacterium bifidum
d) Lactobacillus reuteri
Answer: a) Lactobacillus rhamnosus

48. Which food is a rich source of the prebiotic fiber called pectin?
a) Apples
b) Beef
c) Rice
d) Potatoes
Answer: a) Apples

49. What is the primary function of prebiotics in the human digestive system?
a) To digest proteins
b) To support the growth of beneficial gut bacteria
c) To reduce inflammation
d) To increase energy levels
Answer: b) To support the growth of beneficial gut bacteria

50. Which type of probiotic is used to promote vaginal health?
a) Lactobacillus acidophilus
b) Lactobacillus reuteri
c) Bifidobacterium longum
d) Lactobacillus plantarum
Answer: a) Lactobacillus acidophilus

Probiotics and prebiotics MCQs

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