Power Electronics and Drives MCQs

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1. 1. What is the primary function of a rectifier in power electronics?
(A) Voltage regulation
(B) Current regulation
(C) AC to DC conversion
(D) DC to AC conversion

2. 2. Which semiconductor device is commonly used as a switch in power electronic circuits?
(A) Diode
(B) Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT)
(C) Light Emitting Diode (LED)
(D) Thyristor

3. 3. In a buck converter, the output voltage is _____ than the input voltage.
(A) Higher
(B) Lower
(C) Equal to
(D) Unpredictable

4. 4. A chopper circuit is used primarily for:
(A) Stepping up DC voltage
(B) Stepping down DC voltage
(C) AC to DC conversion
(D) DC to AC conversion

5. 5. Which of the following is a unidirectional semiconductor device?
(A) MOSFET
(B) IGBT
(C) Diode
(D) BJT

6. 6. In an H-bridge inverter circuit, how many switches are operated simultaneously to generate AC output?
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4

7. 7. The term ‘PWM’ in power electronics stands for:
(A) Power Width Modulation
(B) Pulse Width Modulation
(C) Parallel Width Modulation
(D) Period Width Modulation

8. 8. Which of the following is not a type of electric drive?
(A) DC drive
(B) AC drive
(C) Brushless DC drive
(D) Mechanical drive

9. 9. In a synchronous motor drive system, the speed of the motor is controlled by adjusting the:
(A) Stator voltage
(B) Rotor voltage
(C) Frequency of the supply
(D) Number of poles

10. 10. A VFD (Variable Frequency Drive) is used for controlling the speed of:
(A) DC motors only
(B) AC motors only
(C) Both DC and AC motors
(D) None of the above

11. 11. What is the function of a freewheeling diode in a thyristor-based circuit?
(A) Prevents over-voltage
(B) Prevents over-current
(C) Allows reverse current
(D) Allows forward current

12. 12. The efficiency of a power electronic converter is highest when:
(A) Operating at low load
(B) Operating at full load
(C) Operating at half load
(D) Efficiency is independent of load

13. 13. The term ‘IGBT’ stands for:
(A) Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
(B) Integrated Gate Bipolar Transistor
(C) Isolated Gate Bipolar Transistor
(D) Insulated Gate Basic Transistor

14. 14. Which of the following is a disadvantage of using IGBTs compared to MOSFETs?
(A) Higher switching losses
(B) Higher gate drive power
(C) Lower input impedance
(D) Slower switching speed

15. 15. The commutation process in a DC motor drive refers to:
(A) Changing the direction of rotation
(B) Switching off the motor
(C) Transitioning from one pair of devices to another
(D) Controlling the speed

16. 16. A DC chopper is used for:
(A) AC to DC conversion
(B) DC to AC conversion
(C) DC voltage control
(D) AC voltage control

17. 17. A cycloconverter is used for:
(A) Stepping up voltage
(B) Stepping down voltage
(C) AC to DC conversion
(D) AC voltage control

18. 18. The function of a snubber circuit in power electronics is to:
(A) Protect against over-voltage
(B) Protect against over-current
(C) Suppress voltage transients
(D) Suppress current transients

19. 19. Which of the following is a disadvantage of using a diode rectifier?
(A) High rectification efficiency
(B) High harmonic content in output
(C) Low ripple factor
(D) Low voltage drop

20. 20. The term ‘IGCT’ stands for:
(A) Integrated Gate Commutated Thyristor
(B) Insulated Gate Controlled Thyristor
(C) Insulated Gate Commutated Transistor
(D) Integrated Gate Controlled Transistor

21. 21. In a DC-DC boost converter, the output voltage is _____ than the input voltage.
(A) Higher
(B) Lower
(C) Equal to
(D) Variable

22. 22. Which type of semiconductor switch is typically used in high-power applications due to its robustness and ability to handle high currents?
(A) IGBT
(B) MOSFET
(C) SCR
(D) TRIAC

23. 23. Which of the following is NOT a component of a typical VFD system?
(A) Rectifier
(B) Inverter
(C) Transformer
(D) Controller

24. 24. A regenerative braking system in electric drives is used to:
(A) Increase speed
(B) Decrease speed
(C) Generate electricity
(D) Store energy

25. 25. The term ‘PWM’ in the context of motor drives refers to:
(A) Power Width Modulation
(B) Pulse Width Modulation
(C) Parallel Width Modulation
(D) Period Width Modulation

26. 26. Which of the following is a disadvantage of using a PWM technique in motor control?
(A) Reduced efficiency
(B) Increased harmonic distortion
(C) Limited speed control
(D) Lower torque output

27. 27. In a closed-loop speed control system of an electric drive, the speed feedback is typically obtained from:
(A) Tachometer
(B) Encoder
(C) Potentiometer
(D) Rheostat

28. 28. Which type of motor drive is known for its high efficiency, quiet operation, and maintenance-free operation?
(A) DC drive
(B) Induction motor drive
(C) Stepper motor drive
(D) Synchronous motor drive

29. 29. In a three-phase inverter, how many switches are operated simultaneously to generate a phase of AC output?
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 6

30. 30. A DC motor drive using a four-quadrant chopper circuit allows:
(A) Only forward motion
(B) Only reverse motion
(C) Both forward and reverse motion
(D) Variable speed operation

31. 31. Which of the following motor types requires an electronic drive for operation?
(A) Universal motor
(B) Synchronous motor
(C) Series DC motor
(D) Induction motor

32. 32. A flyback diode is used across an inductive load in power electronics to:
(A) Protect against over-voltage
(B) Protect against over-current
(C) Suppress voltage spikes
(D) Suppress current spikes

33. 33. The term ‘commutation’ in power electronics refers to:
(A) Switching on a device
(B) Switching off a device
(C) Transferring conduction from one device to another
(D) Controlling current flow

34. 34. Which of the following is a characteristic of a soft starter used in motor control?
(A) Provides step-up voltage
(B) Provides step-down voltage
(C) Reduces starting torque
(D) Increases starting torque

35. 35. The term ‘snubber circuit’ is used in power electronics to:
(A) Limit the voltage
(B) Limit the current
(C) Limit the rate of change of voltage
(D) Limit the rate of change of current

36. 36. A buck-boost converter is used to:
(A) Increase voltage
(B) Decrease voltage
(C) Increase or decrease voltage
(D) Convert AC to DC

37. 37. Which of the following is a characteristic of an ideal switch in power electronics?
(A) High on-state voltage drop
(B) High off-state leakage current
(C) Low conduction losses
(D) Low switching speed

38. 38. A cycloconverter is typically used for:
(A) Fixed frequency AC output
(B) Variable frequency AC output
(C) DC output
(D) High voltage DC output

39. 39. In a DC chopper circuit, the duty cycle of the chopper refers to:
(A) Ratio of on-time to off-time
(B) Ratio of off-time to on-time
(C) Total time of operation
(D) Peak voltage value

40. 40. Which of the following devices is used for regenerative braking in an electric vehicle?
(A) Battery
(B) Capacitor
(C) Flywheel
(D) Motor generator

41. 41. In a thyristor-based AC voltage controller, firing angle control allows adjustment of:
(A) Frequency
(B) Voltage magnitude
(C) Current
(D) Power factor

42. 42. Which type of converter is used to provide isolation between the input and output in power electronic circuits?
(A) Boost converter
(B) Flyback converter
(C) Buck-boost converter
(D) Forward converter

43. 43. The term ‘snubber circuit’ is typically used to reduce:
(A) Voltage spikes
(B) Current spikes
(C) Both voltage and current spikes
(D) Power dissipation

44. 44. Which type of motor drive is known for its precise positioning capability and is commonly used in robotics?
(A) DC drive
(B) Induction motor drive
(C) Stepper motor drive
(D) Synchronous motor drive

45. 45. The efficiency of a power electronic converter is typically highest when operating at:
(A) Full load
(B) Half load
(C) No load
(D) Overload

46. 46. A soft starter is used in motor control to:
(A) Provide step-up voltage
(B) Provide step-down voltage
(C) Reduce starting torque
(D) Increase starting torque

47. 47. The term ‘snubber circuit’ in power electronics is used to dampen:
(A) Voltage oscillations
(B) Current oscillations
(C) Both voltage and current oscillations
(D) Voltage and current harmonics

48. 48. In a PWM-based inverter, the width of the PWM pulses determines the:
(A) Amplitude of the output voltage
(B) Frequency of the output voltage
(C) Phase angle of the output voltage
(D) Harmonic content of the output voltage

49. 49. A DC chopper circuit is used primarily for:
(A) AC to DC conversion
(B) DC to AC conversion
(C) DC voltage control
(D) AC voltage control

50. 50. Which type of semiconductor switch is characterized by bidirectional conduction capability?
(A) IGBT
(B) MOSFET
(C) SCR
(D) TRIAC

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