Nutritional requirements and dietary guidelines MCQs Food science

1. Which nutrient is primarily responsible for providing energy to the body?

a) Vitamins
b) Minerals
c) Carbohydrates
d) Proteins
Answer: c) Carbohydrates

2. What is the recommended daily allowance (RDA) for protein intake for an average adult?

a) 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight
b) 1.2 grams per kilogram of body weight
c) 1.5 grams per kilogram of body weight
d) 2.0 grams per kilogram of body weight
Answer: a) 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight

3. Which vitamin is essential for calcium absorption in the body?

a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin C
c) Vitamin D
d) Vitamin E
Answer: c) Vitamin D

4. What is the primary function of dietary fiber in the human body?

a) Providing energy
b) Supporting immune function
c) Aiding digestion and preventing constipation
d) Building muscle
Answer: c) Aiding digestion and preventing constipation

5. Which mineral is crucial for oxygen transport in the blood?

a) Calcium
b) Potassium
c) Iron
d) Magnesium
Answer: c) Iron

6. What is the recommended daily intake of fruits and vegetables for adults according to dietary guidelines?

a) 1-2 servings
b) 3-4 servings
c) 5 or more servings
d) 6-7 servings
Answer: c) 5 or more servings

7. Which nutrient is important for maintaining healthy skin and vision?

a) Vitamin K
b) Vitamin A
c) Vitamin B12
d) Vitamin C
Answer: b) Vitamin A

8. What is the recommended maximum daily intake of added sugars according to dietary guidelines?

a) 5% of total daily calories
b) 10% of total daily calories
c) 15% of total daily calories
d) 20% of total daily calories
Answer: b) 10% of total daily calories

9. Which type of fat is considered beneficial for heart health?

a) Saturated fats
b) Trans fats
c) Monounsaturated fats
d) Cholesterol
Answer: c) Monounsaturated fats

10. What is the primary role of carbohydrates in the diet?

a) Repairing tissues
b) Providing energy
c) Building muscles
d) Regulating hormones
Answer: b) Providing energy

11. Which vitamin is important for blood clotting?

a) Vitamin B12
b) Vitamin C
c) Vitamin K
d) Vitamin D
Answer: c) Vitamin K

12. Which dietary guideline helps to reduce the risk of chronic diseases like heart disease and diabetes?

a) Limiting saturated and trans fats
b) Increasing salt intake
c) Eating high-sugar foods
d) Consuming high-protein diets
Answer: a) Limiting saturated and trans fats

13. What is the recommended daily intake of fiber for adult women?

a) 25 grams
b) 30 grams
c) 35 grams
d) 40 grams
Answer: a) 25 grams

14. Which nutrient is essential for maintaining fluid balance in the body?

a) Calcium
b) Sodium
c) Vitamin C
d) Iron
Answer: b) Sodium

15. What is the recommended daily intake of calcium for adults aged 19-50?

a) 500 mg
b) 800 mg
c) 1,000 mg
d) 1,200 mg
Answer: c) 1,000 mg

16. Which type of carbohydrate is best for maintaining steady energy levels?

a) Simple sugars
b) Refined carbohydrates
c) Complex carbohydrates
d) Artificial sweeteners
Answer: c) Complex carbohydrates

17. What is the role of omega-3 fatty acids in the diet?

a) Enhancing muscle growth
b) Supporting heart health
c) Improving bone density
d) Boosting immune function
Answer: b) Supporting heart health

18. Which vitamin helps in the absorption of iron from plant-based sources?

a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin B12
c) Vitamin C
d) Vitamin D
Answer: c) Vitamin C

19. What is the main source of energy for high-intensity exercise?

a) Proteins
b) Fats
c) Carbohydrates
d) Vitamins
Answer: c) Carbohydrates

20. Which mineral is essential for bone health and is commonly found in dairy products?

a) Potassium
b) Iron
c) Magnesium
d) Calcium
Answer: d) Calcium

21. What is the recommended daily intake of protein for an average adult male?

a) 0.6 grams per kilogram of body weight
b) 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight
c) 1.0 grams per kilogram of body weight
d) 1.2 grams per kilogram of body weight
Answer: b) 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight

22. Which type of dietary fat should be minimized to reduce the risk of heart disease?

a) Monounsaturated fats
b) Polyunsaturated fats
c) Saturated fats
d) Omega-3 fatty acids
Answer: c) Saturated fats

23. What is the recommended daily intake of potassium for adults?

a) 2,000 mg
b) 2,500 mg
c) 3,500 mg
d) 4,700 mg
Answer: d) 4,700 mg

24. Which vitamin is known for its antioxidant properties and helps protect cells from damage?

a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin B6
c) Vitamin C
d) Vitamin D
Answer: c) Vitamin C

25. What is the primary source of energy during low-intensity, long-duration exercise?

a) Proteins
b) Fats
c) Carbohydrates
d) Vitamins
Answer: b) Fats

26. Which nutrient is essential for the repair and growth of body tissues?

a) Carbohydrates
b) Proteins
c) Fats
d) Vitamins
Answer: b) Proteins

27. What is the recommended limit of sodium intake per day to prevent high blood pressure?

a) 1,000 mg
b) 1,500 mg
c) 2,300 mg
d) 3,000 mg
Answer: b) 1,500 mg

28. Which dietary guideline emphasizes the importance of variety in food choices?

a) Consuming only whole foods
b) Eating a wide range of different foods
c) Reducing the intake of all fats
d) Focusing solely on protein sources
Answer: b) Eating a wide range of different foods

29. What is the primary function of vitamin B12 in the body?

a) Supporting bone health
b) Assisting in red blood cell formation
c) Aiding digestion
d) Enhancing skin health
Answer: b) Assisting in red blood cell formation

30. Which food group is the main source of dietary fiber?

a) Dairy products
b) Meat
c) Fruits and vegetables
d) Fats and oils
Answer: c) Fruits and vegetables

31. What is the recommended daily intake of folate for pregnant women?

a) 200 mcg
b) 400 mcg
c) 600 mcg
d) 800 mcg
Answer: c) 600 mcg

32. Which dietary fat is considered unhealthy and should be minimized in the diet?

a) Polyunsaturated fats
b) Monounsaturated fats
c) Trans fats
d) Omega-3 fatty acids
Answer: c) Trans fats

33. What is the role of vitamin E in the diet?

a) Enhancing vision
b) Supporting immune function
c) Promoting digestion
d) Strengthening bones
Answer: b) Supporting immune function

34. What is the primary function of dietary calcium?

a) Supporting muscle function
b) Regulating blood sugar
c) Building and maintaining strong bones and teeth
d) Enhancing vision
Answer: c) Building and maintaining strong bones and teeth

35. Which nutrient is crucial for maintaining healthy skin and hair?

a) Vitamin D
b) Vitamin C
c) Vitamin B12
d) Vitamin A
Answer: d) Vitamin A

36. What is the main benefit of consuming whole grains compared to refined grains?

a) Higher sugar content
b) Greater fiber content
c) Increased fat content
d) Lower protein content
Answer: b) Greater fiber content

37. What is the recommended daily intake of vitamin A for adults?

a) 500 IU
b) 1,000 IU
c) 3,000 IU
d) 5,000 IU
Answer: b) 1,000 IU

38. Which food is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids?

a) Red meat
b) Poultry
c) Salmon
d) Cheese
Answer: c) Salmon

39. What is the primary dietary source of vitamin B12?

a) Fruits
b) Vegetables
c) Dairy products
d) Grains
Answer: c) Dairy products

40. What is the recommended daily intake of vitamin C for adults?

a) 30 mg
b) 60 mg
c) 75 mg
d) 90 mg
Answer: d) 90 mg

41. Which food is an excellent source of dietary fiber?

a) Chicken breast
b) White rice
c) Oats
d) Cheese
Answer: c) Oats

42. What is the main function of dietary fats in the body?

a) Providing energy and supporting cell structure
b) Assisting in digestion
c) Building muscles
d) Regulating blood pressure
Answer: a) Providing energy and supporting cell structure

43. What is the recommended limit for saturated fat intake according to dietary guidelines?

a) 5% of total daily calories
b) 10% of total daily calories
c) 15% of total daily calories
d) 20% of total daily calories
Answer: b) 10% of total daily calories

44. Which vitamin is essential for maintaining healthy red blood cells?

a) Vitamin B6
b) Vitamin B12
c) Vitamin C
d) Vitamin D
Answer: b) Vitamin B12

45. Which food group is high in potassium?

a) Dairy products
b) Meat
c) Fruits and vegetables
d) Grains
Answer: c) Fruits and vegetables

46. What is the recommended daily intake of magnesium for adults?

a) 200 mg
b) 300 mg
c) 400 mg
d) 500 mg
Answer: c) 400 mg

47. Which food is a good source of vitamin D?

a) Spinach
b) Beef
c) Fortified milk
d) Apples
Answer: c) Fortified milk

48. What is the role of dietary antioxidants?

a) Enhancing flavor
b) Protecting cells from damage
c) Increasing muscle mass
d) Providing energy
Answer: b) Protecting cells from damage

49. Which nutrient is most important for energy metabolism?

a) Carbohydrates
b) Proteins
c) Fats
d) Vitamins
Answer: a) Carbohydrates

50. What is the recommended daily intake of water for adults?

a) 1-2 liters
b) 2-3 liters
c) 3-4 liters
d) 4-5 liters
Answer: b) 2-3 liters

More MCQs on Food Science