Leadership and Organizational Psychology MCQs:

Question: What is the central focus of organizational psychology? A) Leadership development B) Employee well-being C) Financial management D) Marketing strategy Answer: B) Employee well-being Question: In leadership, what is the concept of “Transformational Leadership” associated with? A) Transactional exchanges B) Inspiring and motivating followers C) Autocratic decision-making D) Laissez-faire approach Answer: B) Inspiring and motivating followers Question: What does the term “Organizational Culture” refer to in the context of organizational psychology? A) The physical layout of the office space B) Shared values, beliefs, and practices within an organization C) Employee turnover rate D) Financial performance metrics Answer: B) Shared values, beliefs, and practices within an organization Question: Which leadership theory suggests that effective leaders are those who adapt their style based on the situation and the followers? A) Trait theory B) Contingency theory C) Transformational theory D) Transactional theory Answer: B) Contingency theory Question: What is the purpose of the Hawthorne Studies in organizational psychology? A) Studying the effects of lighting on productivity B) Analyzing the impact of leadership on employee satisfaction C) Investigating the relationship between job design and employee motivation D) Examining the role of rewards in employee performance Answer: A) Studying the effects of lighting on productivity Question: Which leadership approach emphasizes building strong interpersonal relationships and trust with team members? A) Laissez-faire leadership B) Transactional leadership C) Charismatic leadership D) Transformational leadership Answer: D) Transformational leadership Question: What is the psychological concept related to an individual’s belief in their ability to successfully perform a task? A) Self-efficacy B) Cognitive dissonance C) Social loafing D) Confirmation bias Answer: A) Self-efficacy Question: In organizational psychology, what is the focus of the Job Characteristics Model? A) Analyzing the impact of leadership styles on job satisfaction B) Identifying factors that contribute to job enrichment and motivation C) Assessing employee turnover rates D) Examining the financial performance of a company Answer: B) Identifying factors that contribute to job enrichment and motivation Question: What is the primary goal of Organizational Development (OD) in the context of organizational psychology? A) Maximizing shareholder wealth B) Improving the organization’s effectiveness and well-being C) Enhancing individual job satisfaction D) Minimizing employee turnover Answer: B) Improving the organization’s effectiveness and well-being Question: Which psychological concept involves the tendency of individuals to exert less effort when working in a group? A) Social facilitation B) Groupthink C) Social loafing D) Conformity Answer: C) Social loafing Question: In leadership, what is the significance of the concept of “Emotional Intelligence”? A) Ignoring emotional reactions in the workplace B) Understanding and managing one’s own emotions and those of others C) Promoting a highly competitive work environment D) Focusing solely on technical skills Answer: B) Understanding and managing one’s own emotions and those of others Question: What is the focus of the Equity Theory in organizational psychology? A) Examining the impact of leadership on employee motivation B) Analyzing the distribution of rewards and punishments C) Investigating the relationship between job satisfaction and job performance D) Assessing perceptions of fairness in the workplace Answer: D) Assessing perceptions of fairness in the workplace Question: Which leadership style involves making decisions with minimal input from team members? A) Autocratic B) Laissez-faire C) Democratic D) Transformational Answer: A) Autocratic Question: What is the psychological concept related to an individual’s tendency to attribute their success to internal factors and their failures to external factors? A) Self-serving bias B) Fundamental attribution error C) Confirmation bias D) Cognitive dissonance Answer: A) Self-serving bias Question: In organizational psychology, what is the focus of the Theory of Planned Behavior? A) Analyzing the impact of leadership styles on employee motivation B) Understanding and predicting individual behaviors based on attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control C) Investigating the relationship between job satisfaction and job performance D) Assessing employee turnover rates Answer: B) Understanding and predicting individual behaviors based on attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control Question: Which leadership theory suggests that leaders have certain inherent traits that make them effective leaders? A) Contingency theory B) Trait theory C) Transformational theory D) Situational leadership theory Answer: B) Trait theory Question: What is the psychological concept that refers to the discomfort experienced when holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes? A) Confirmation bias B) Cognitive dissonance C) Social loafing D) Self-serving bias Answer: B) Cognitive dissonance Question: In organizational psychology, what is the primary focus of the Social Identity Theory? A) Studying the impact of leadership on group dynamics B) Analyzing individual differences in the workplace C) Understanding how individuals identify with and categorize themselves in social groups D) Examining the financial performance of a company Answer: C) Understanding how individuals identify with and categorize themselves in social groups Question: Which psychological concept involves the tendency to favor individuals or groups to which one belongs? A) Social identity B) In-group favoritism C) Groupthink D) Fundamental attribution error Answer: B) In-group favoritism Question: In leadership, what is the importance of the concept of “Psychological Safety”? A) Encouraging a highly competitive work environment B) Focusing solely on individual achievements C) Promoting an environment where team members feel safe to take interpersonal risks D) Ignoring emotional reactions in the workplace Answer: C) Promoting an environment where team members feel safe to take interpersonal risks Question: What is the psychological concept related to the tendency to attribute the behavior of others to internal factors and underestimate the influence of external factors? A) Self-serving bias B) Fundamental attribution error C) Confirmation bias D) Social loafing Answer: B) Fundamental attribution error Question: In organizational psychology, what is the focus of the Job Demand-Control Model? A) Studying the impact of leadership on employee motivation B) Analyzing individual differences in the workplace C) Investigating the relationship between job demands and control over work D) Assessing perceptions of fairness in the workplace Answer: C) Investigating the relationship between job demands and control over work Question: What is the purpose of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) in organizational psychology? A) Assessing job performance B) Measuring emotional intelligence C) Identifying personality preferences and traits D) Evaluating leadership styles Answer: C) Identifying personality preferences and traits Question: In leadership, what is the significance of the concept of “Groupthink”? A) Encouraging diverse perspectives within a group B) Promoting independent thinking and decision-making C) Tendency to conform and make decisions without critically evaluating alternatives D) Ignoring team collaboration Answer: C) Tendency to conform and make decisions without critically evaluating alternatives Question: What is the focus of the Goal-Setting Theory in organizational psychology? A) Analyzing the impact of leadership on employee motivation B) Understanding and predicting individual behaviors based on attitudes C) Investigating the relationship between job satisfaction and job performance D) Examining the impact of goal specificity and difficulty on performance Answer: D) Examining the impact of goal specificity and difficulty on performance Question: In organizational psychology, what does the term “Burnout” refer to? A) High job satisfaction B) Excessive job demands leading to physical and emotional exhaustion C) Rapid career advancement D) Frequent employee turnover Answer: B) Excessive job demands leading to physical and emotional exhaustion Question: What is the psychological concept related to the tendency to conform to social norms and expectations? A) Groupthink B) Conformity C) Social facilitation D) In-group favoritism Answer: B) Conformity Question: In leadership, what is the concept of “Servant Leadership” associated with? A) Putting the needs of others first B) Exercising strict authority C) Relying on charisma to lead D) Transactional decision-making Answer: A) Putting the needs of others first Question: What is the psychological concept related to the tendency to attribute others’ behavior to internal factors and one’s own behavior to external factors? A) Self-serving bias B) Fundamental attribution error C) Confirmation bias D) Social loafing Answer: A) Self-serving bias Question: In organizational psychology, what is the focus of the Social Cognitive Theory? A) Analyzing the impact of leadership on group dynamics B) Examining individual differences in the workplace C) Understanding how individuals learn from observing others D) Assessing employee turnover rates Answer: C) Understanding how individuals learn from observing others