Human Anatomy & Physiology – MCQs September 2, 2025 by u930973931_answers 50 Score: 0 Attempted: 0/50 Subscribe 1. What is the functional unit of the kidney? (A) Neuron (B) Nephron (C) Alveolus (D) Glomerulus 2. Which blood cells are responsible for oxygen transport? (A) Leukocytes (B) Platelets (C) Erythrocytes (D) Plasma cells 3. The largest organ in the human body is: (A) Liver (B) Skin (C) Heart (D) Lungs 4. Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination? (A) Cerebrum (B) Cerebellum (C) Medulla oblongata (D) Hypothalamus 5. What is the normal pH of human blood? (A) 6.8 (B) 7.4 (C) 7.8 (D) 8.2 6. Which vitamin is essential for blood clotting? (A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin C (C) Vitamin K (D) Vitamin D 7. Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body? (A) Right atrium (B) Left atrium (C) Right ventricle (D) Left ventricle 8. The functional unit of the nervous system is: (A) Axon (B) Neuron (C) Synapse (D) Dendrite 9. Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs? (A) Trachea (B) Bronchi (C) Alveoli (D) Pleura 10. Which gland regulates metabolism? (A) Adrenal gland (B) Pituitary gland (C) Thyroid gland (D) Pancreas 11. Which blood group is known as the universal donor? (A) A (B) B (C) AB (D) O 12. The largest artery in the human body is: (A) Pulmonary artery (B) Aorta (C) Carotid artery (D) Femoral artery 13. Which muscle is called the “heart muscle”? (A) Smooth muscle (B) Skeletal muscle (C) Cardiac muscle (D) Voluntary muscle 14. Which part of the eye regulates the amount of light entering? (A) Cornea (B) Retina (C) Iris (D) Lens 15. Which organ produces insulin? (A) Liver (B) Pancreas (C) Kidney (D) Spleen 16. What type of joint is found in the shoulder? (A) Hinge joint (B) Ball and socket joint (C) Pivot joint (D) Saddle joint 17. Which blood vessels carry blood back to the heart? (A) Arteries (B) Veins (C) Capillaries (D) Aorta 18. The smallest bones in the human body are found in the: (A) Ear (B) Hand (C) Foot (D) Nose 19. Which part of the digestive system absorbs most nutrients? (A) Stomach (B) Large intestine (C) Small intestine (D) Pancreas 20. Which organ is responsible for detoxification? (A) Kidney (B) Liver (C) Lungs (D) Heart 21. The average normal body temperature is: (A) 36°C (B) 37°C (C) 38°C (D) 39°C 22. Which part of the brain regulates breathing and heartbeat? (A) Cerebrum (B) Cerebellum (C) Medulla oblongata (D) Thalamus 23. The structural and functional unit of skeletal muscle is: (A) Sarcomere (B) Myofibril (C) Actin (D) Myosin 24. Which blood group is the universal recipient? (A) A (B) B (C) AB (D) O 25. Which bone is known as the collarbone? (A) Scapula (B) Clavicle (C) Sternum (D) Humerus 26. The outermost layer of the skin is called: (A) Dermis (B) Epidermis (C) Hypodermis (D) Endodermis 27. The functional unit of the lung is: (A) Bronchus (B) Bronchiole (C) Alveolus (D) Pleura 28. Which type of blood cell helps fight infections? (A) Erythrocytes (B) Leukocytes (C) Platelets (D) Plasma 29. The hardest substance in the human body is: (A) Bone (B) Cartilage (C) Enamel (D) Dentin 30. Which structure connects muscles to bones? (A) Ligaments (B) Cartilage (C) Tendons (D) Fascia 31. Which part of the ear is responsible for balance? (A) Cochlea (B) Eardrum (C) Semicircular canals (D) Ossicles 32. The pituitary gland is located in the: (A) Neck (B) Brain (C) Abdomen (D) Chest 33. Which organ stores bile? (A) Pancreas (B) Gallbladder (C) Liver (D) Stomach 34. What is the main function of red bone marrow? (A) Store fat (B) Produce blood cells (C) Store calcium (D) Produce hormones 35. The fluid that cushions the brain and spinal cord is: (A) Plasma (B) Synovial fluid (C) Cerebrospinal fluid (D) Lymph 36. Which blood vessels connect arteries and veins? (A) Capillaries (B) Venules (C) Arterioles (D) Aorta 37. The voice box is also known as: (A) Pharynx (B) Larynx (C) Trachea (D) Bronchus 38. Which hormone regulates blood sugar levels? (A) Thyroxine (B) Insulin (C) Cortisol (D) Estrogen 39. The longest bone in the human body is: (A) Tibia (B) Femur (C) Fibula (D) Humerus 40. Which organ produces bile? (A) Liver (B) Gallbladder (C) Pancreas (D) Kidney 41. Which type of joint is present in the knee? (A) Pivot joint (B) Hinge joint (C) Ball and socket joint (D) Saddle joint 42. Which blood component is mainly responsible for clotting? (A) Plasma (B) Platelets (C) Leukocytes (D) Hemoglobin 43. Which part of the brain controls emotions and memory? (A) Cerebellum (B) Limbic system (C) Medulla (D) Pons 44. Which is the smallest structural unit of the body? (A) Cell (B) Tissue (C) Organ (D) System 45. What is the main function of hemoglobin? (A) Fight infections (B) Carry oxygen (C) Clot blood (D) Store calcium 46. Which bone protects the brain? (A) Vertebrae (B) Skull (C) Sternum (D) Ribs 47. The pancreas is both: (A) Endocrine and exocrine gland (B) Only endocrine gland (C) Only exocrine gland (D) None of these 48. Which structure connects bones to bones? (A) Tendons (B) Ligaments (C) Cartilage (D) Fascia 49. The transparent front part of the eye is called: (A) Cornea (B) Lens (C) Retina (D) Iris 50. The number of chromosomes in human somatic cells is: (A) 23 (B) 46 (C) 48 (D) 44