History and development MCQs – Food Science December 27, 2025August 2, 2024 by u930973931_answers 30 min Score: 0 Attempted: 0/30 Subscribe 1. Which ancient civilization is credited with developing the earliest methods of food preservation, such as drying and salting? (A) Chinese (B) Greeks (C) Romans (D) Egyptians 2. The concept of food safety and hygiene was first formally documented in which ancient text? (A) The Bible (B) The Koran (C) The Torah (D) The Vedas 3. Which scientist is known for discovering the role of microorganisms in fermentation and spoilage in the 19th century? (A) Louis Pasteur (B) Robert Koch (C) Alexander Fleming (D) Joseph Lister 4. The invention of the canning process, which significantly improved food preservation, is attributed to: (A) Nicolas Appert (B) John Hargrave (C) Percy Spencer (D) Clarence Birdseye 5. Which technology, developed in the early 20th century, revolutionized food storage and distribution by keeping food at low temperatures? (A) Refrigeration (B) Pasteurization (C) Canning (D) Freeze-drying 6. The development of the USDA’s food guide pyramid in 1992 aimed to: (A) Promote food processing (B) Regulate food safety standards (C) Educate the public about balanced nutrition (D) Encourage fast food consumption 7. Which process, introduced by the food industry in the mid-20th century, involves rapidly freezing food to preserve its quality? (A) Canning (B) Freezing (C) Pasteurization (D) Freeze-drying 8. The modern field of Food Science began to take shape in the late 19th and early 20th centuries due to advancements in: (A) Chemistry and biology (B) Physics and astronomy (C) Medicine and engineering (D) Political science and sociology 9. Which food preservation method involves heating food to kill pathogens and extend shelf life, and was developed in the 19th century? (A) Fermentation (B) Drying (C) Canning (D) Pickling 10. In which decade did the concept of “food science” as a formal academic discipline begin to emerge? (A) 1920s (B) 1880s (C) 1950s (D) 1970s 11. The development of which method in the 20th century contributed significantly to the shelf life and safety of dairy products? (A) Refrigeration (B) Irradiation (C) Fermentation (D) Pasteurization 12. Which scientist is known for his work on the nutritional content of food and the development of the vitamin theory? (A) James Lind (B) Elie Metchnikoff (C) Casimir Funk (D) Richard J. Johnson 13. The establishment of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States was a significant milestone in: (A) Food safety and regulation (B) Agricultural development (C) Food marketing (D) Culinary arts 14. Which early 20th-century innovation in food science focused on the development of synthetic food colors and additives? (A) Food Chemistry (B) Food Technology (C) Food Engineering (D) Food Microbiology 15. The discovery of vitamins and their importance in human nutrition was a major advancement in Food Science during: (A) The 18th century (B) The early 20th century (C) The mid-20th century (D) The late 19th century 16. Which organization was established in 1945 to coordinate international food policies and research? (A) Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (B) World Health Organization (WHO) (C) International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) (D) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) 17. The development of which technology in the 1980s allowed for the analysis of food components at the molecular level? (A) Microscopy (B) Nuclear magnetic resonance (C) Chromatography (D) Mass spectrometry 18. Which field of study emerged in the late 20th century, focusing on the impact of food on health and disease prevention? (A) Food Chemistry (B) Nutritional Science (C) Food Microbiology (D) Food Engineering 19. The introduction of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in the 1990s marked a significant development in which area of Food Science? (A) Food Safety (B) Food Engineering (C) Food Biotechnology (D) Food Microbiology 20. Which food processing method was developed in the 20th century to kill bacteria and preserve food through high-pressure treatment? (A) Microwave processing (B) Ultra-high temperature (UHT) processing (C) High-pressure processing (HPP) (D) Cold pasteurization 21. Which scientist is known for his research on the role of microorganisms in food fermentation, particularly for yogurt and kefir production? (A) Louis Pasteur (B) Elie Metchnikoff (C) Robert Koch (D) Alexander Fleming 22. The development of which method in the late 20th century focused on reducing the risk of foodborne illnesses by controlling microbial growth? (A) Freeze-drying (B) Irradiation (C) Canning (D) Refrigeration 23. The introduction of food labeling laws in the 20th century was aimed at: (A) Increasing food prices (B) Improving consumer awareness of food ingredients and nutritional content (C) Reducing food variety (D) Limiting food importation 24. Which technological advancement allowed for the precise control of temperature and humidity during food storage and transport in the 20th century? (A) Microwave ovens (B) Freeze-drying (C) High-pressure processing (D) Controlled atmosphere storage 25. The study of foodborne pathogens and their prevention became a major focus of Food Science during which period? (A) The 19th century (B) The late 20th century (C) The mid-20th century (D) The early 20th century 26. The development of the “food pyramid” concept in the early 1990s was an effort to: (A) Promote food marketing (B) Increase food consumption (C) Encourage balanced eating habits (D) Reduce food safety regulations 27. Which of the following is an early example of food preservation methods developed by the Chinese? (A) High-pressure processing (B) Freeze-drying (C) Canning (D) Salting 28. Which food processing method involves heating food to high temperatures for a short time to kill pathogens without affecting taste and quality? (A) Canning (B) Boiling (C) Fermentation (D) Pasteurization 29. The introduction of which technology in the late 20th century enabled the rapid detection of pathogens in food products? (A) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (B) Chromatography (C) Mass spectrometry (D) Nuclear magnetic resonance 30. The establishment of which organization in the 1960s aimed to address global food security and agricultural development? (A) World Food Programme (WFP) (B) International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) (C) International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) (D) Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)