1. What is the primary focus of geophysics? A) Studying the Earth’s interior structure B) Analyzing atmospheric phenomena C) Investigating marine ecosystems D) Exploring outer space Answer: A) Studying the Earth’s interior structure 2. Which of the following is a method used in geophysics to study the Earth’s interior? A) Seismology B) Meteorology C) Oceanography D) Astronomy Answer: A) Seismology 3. What is the main principle behind seismic tomography in geophysics? A) Studying earthquakes B) Mapping variations in seismic wave velocities C) Analyzing volcanic eruptions D) Measuring magnetic fields Answer: B) Mapping variations in seismic wave velocities 4. Which geophysical method is commonly used for mapping underground structures and resources? A) Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) B) Gravimetry C) Magnetometry D) Remote sensing Answer: A) Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) 5. What is the primary goal of geophysical exploration in the oil and gas industry? A) Mapping earthquake-prone zones B) Locating mineral deposits C) Identifying hydrocarbon reservoirs D) Monitoring climate change Answer: C) Identifying hydrocarbon reservoirs 6. Which geophysical technique is used to measure variations in the Earth’s gravitational field? A) Seismology B) Gravimetry C) Magnetometry D) Electromagnetic surveys Answer: B) Gravimetry 7. What is the primary role of magnetometers in geophysics? A) Detecting seismic waves B) Mapping magnetic anomalies C) Measuring seismic velocities D) Monitoring volcanic activity Answer: B) Mapping magnetic anomalies 8. Which of the following phenomena is studied in geomagnetism? A) Earth’s magnetic field B) Ocean currents C) Atmospheric pressure D) Solar flares Answer: A) Earth’s magnetic field 9. What is the primary focus of geophysical surveys in archaeology? A) Studying ancient civilizations B) Mapping underground utilities C) Locating buried structures and artifacts D) Monitoring climate change Answer: C) Locating buried structures and artifacts 10. Which geophysical method is used for assessing groundwater resources? A) Seismology B) Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) C) Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) D) Magnetometry Answer: C) Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT)

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