Food Engineering MCQs Food science

1. Which of the following is a primary unit operation in food engineering?

A) Mixing
B) Drying
C) Filtration
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above

2. What is the main purpose of food homogenization?

A) To improve texture and consistency
B) To increase shelf life
C) To enhance flavor
D) To reduce microbial load
Answer: A) To improve texture and consistency

3. Which heat transfer method is primarily used in the drying of food?

A) Conduction
B) Convection
C) Radiation
D) All of the above
Answer: B) Convection

4. In food engineering, what does the term “mass transfer” refer to?

A) Movement of heat within the food
B) Movement of particles or solutes in a medium
C) Movement of water from one part of the food to another
D) Movement of air through the food
Answer: B) Movement of particles or solutes in a medium

5. Which food processing method involves the application of high temperatures for a short duration to destroy microorganisms?

A) Pasteurization
B) Canning
C) Freezing
D) Freeze drying
Answer: A) Pasteurization

6. What is the primary goal of food extrusion?

A) To create a uniform product with a specific shape and texture
B) To increase shelf life
C) To improve flavor
D) To reduce moisture content
Answer: A) To create a uniform product with a specific shape and texture

7. Which of the following is a common method for analyzing the texture of food products?

A) Rheology
B) Chromatography
C) Spectroscopy
D) Microscopy
Answer: A) Rheology

8. What is the main advantage of using a rotary evaporator in food engineering?

A) To remove solvents by evaporation under reduced pressure
B) To homogenize food samples
C) To perform high-temperature cooking
D) To measure the viscosity of food products
Answer: A) To remove solvents by evaporation under reduced pressure

9. In food engineering, what is the purpose of using a heat exchanger?

A) To transfer heat between fluids
B) To measure food temperature
C) To mix ingredients
D) To pack food products
Answer: A) To transfer heat between fluids

10. Which method is used to determine the moisture content of food products?

A) Oven drying
B) Refractometry
C) Spectroscopy
D) Microscopy
Answer: A) Oven drying

11. In food engineering, what does the term “unit operation” refer to?

A) A specific process used in food processing
B) A piece of equipment used in food processing
C) A step in the food production line
D) A type of food preservation method
Answer: A) A specific process used in food processing

12. Which of the following techniques is used for separating components of a food mixture based on their size?

A) Filtration
B) Centrifugation
C) Chromatography
D) Distillation
Answer: B) Centrifugation

13. What is the purpose of using a centrifuge in food engineering?

A) To separate components based on density
B) To measure texture
C) To mix ingredients
D) To analyze flavor compounds
Answer: A) To separate components based on density

14. Which food processing technique involves the use of high pressure to preserve food without heat?

A) High Pressure Processing (HPP)
B) Canning
C) Freeze drying
D) Pasteurization
Answer: A) High Pressure Processing (HPP)

15. In food engineering, what does the term “thermal processing” refer to?

A) The use of heat to process food
B) The use of cold temperatures to process food
C) The use of pressure to process food
D) The use of light to process food
Answer: A) The use of heat to process food

16. Which type of heat transfer involves the movement of heat through a solid medium?

A) Conduction
B) Convection
C) Radiation
D) All of the above
Answer: A) Conduction

17. What is the primary function of a homogenizer in food processing?

A) To create a uniform mixture by breaking down particles
B) To remove moisture
C) To cook food
D) To package food
Answer: A) To create a uniform mixture by breaking down particles

18. Which of the following processes is used to reduce the size of particles in a food product?

A) Milling
B) Filtration
C) Centrifugation
D) Distillation
Answer: A) Milling

19. What is the primary purpose of using a distillation process in food engineering?

A) To separate components based on boiling points
B) To homogenize food products
C) To increase the shelf life
D) To remove moisture
Answer: A) To separate components based on boiling points

20. Which food engineering process involves removing water from food to preserve it?

A) Drying
B) Freezing
C) Canning
D) Fermentation
Answer: A) Drying

21. What is the purpose of using a pasteurizer in food processing?

A) To kill harmful microorganisms using heat
B) To remove moisture
C) To separate components
D) To create a uniform mixture
Answer: A) To kill harmful microorganisms using heat

22. Which of the following methods is used to measure the viscosity of a food product?

A) Viscometer
B) Refractometer
C) Spectrometer
D) Micrometer
Answer: A) Viscometer

23. What is the main advantage of using freeze drying in food preservation?

A) To retain the food’s original flavor, color, and nutritional value
B) To enhance flavor
C) To increase shelf life through high temperatures
D) To improve texture
Answer: A) To retain the food’s original flavor, color, and nutritional value

24. Which technique is used to extract essential oils from food products?

A) Steam distillation
B) Filtration
C) Centrifugation
D) Osmosis
Answer: A) Steam distillation

25. What is the purpose of using a spray dryer in food processing?

A) To convert liquid food into powder form
B) To homogenize food products
C) To increase moisture content
D) To separate components
Answer: A) To convert liquid food into powder form

26. Which process is used to reduce the microbial load in food by applying high temperatures and pressure?

A) Sterilization
B) Freezing
C) Drying
D) Fermentation
Answer: A) Sterilization

27. What is the primary function of a blender in food engineering?

A) To mix and blend ingredients
B) To remove moisture
C) To separate components
D) To cook food
Answer: A) To mix and blend ingredients

28. In food engineering, what does the term “water activity” (aw) refer to?

A) The amount of free water available for microbial growth
B) The total amount of water in food
C) The temperature of water in food
D) The pH level of water in food
Answer: A) The amount of free water available for microbial growth

29. Which method is commonly used for preserving food by removing moisture and packaging it?

A) Dehydration
B) Canning
C) Fermentation
D) Freezing
Answer: A) Dehydration

30. What is the purpose of using a rotary evaporator in food engineering?

A) To remove solvents by evaporation under reduced pressure
B) To mix ingredients
C) To measure viscosity
D) To process food with high temperatures
Answer: A) To remove solvents by evaporation under reduced pressure

31. Which type of pump is used for transferring viscous food products in processing?

A) Gear pump
B) Centrifugal pump
C) Diaphragm pump
D) Peristaltic pump
Answer: A) Gear pump

32. What is the purpose of using a vacuum in food processing?

A) To remove air and reduce oxidation
B) To add moisture
C) To increase temperature
D) To homogenize food
Answer: A) To remove air and reduce oxidation

33. Which method is commonly used for the thermal preservation of canned foods?

A) Heat sterilization
B) Freezing
C) Dehydration
D) Fermentation
Answer: A) Heat sterilization

34. In food engineering, what is the term “batch processing” used to describe?

A) Processing a specific quantity of food at a time
B) Continuous processing of food
C) Mixing different food products together
D) Using high temperatures for food processing
Answer: A) Processing a specific quantity of food at a time

35. Which method of food preservation uses low temperatures to inhibit microbial growth?

A) Freezing
B) Drying
C) Fermentation
D) Canning
Answer: A) Freezing

36. What is the role of an agitator in food processing?

A) To mix or blend food ingredients
B) To remove moisture
C) To increase temperature
D) To separate components
Answer: A) To mix or blend food ingredients

37. Which process involves using a high-speed rotating blade to break down food particles?

A) Blending
B) Filtration
C) Centrifugation
D) Distillation
Answer: A) Blending

38. What is the main advantage of using ultrasonic waves in food processing?

A) To enhance mixing and extraction processes
B) To increase shelf life
C) To improve flavor
D) To add moisture
Answer: A) To enhance mixing and extraction processes

39. Which of the following methods is used for separating solids from liquids in food processing?

A) Filtration
B) Distillation
C) Centrifugation
D) Drying
Answer: A) Filtration

40. In food engineering, what does the term “process control” refer to?

A) The monitoring and control of food processing parameters
B) The mixing of ingredients
C) The packaging of food products
D) The measurement of food quality
Answer: A) The monitoring and control of food processing parameters

41. Which method is used for separating different components of a liquid food mixture based on density?

A) Centrifugation
B) Filtration
C) Distillation
D) Freezing
Answer: A) Centrifugation

42. What is the primary purpose of using a homogenizer in dairy processing?

A) To prevent cream separation
B) To increase shelf life
C) To enhance flavor
D) To remove moisture
Answer: A) To prevent cream separation

43. Which technique is used to measure the color of food products in food engineering?

A) Colorimetry
B) Viscometry
C) Refractometry
D) Spectroscopy
Answer: A) Colorimetry

44. What is the main goal of using food irradiation in food processing?

A) To kill pathogens and extend shelf life
B) To enhance flavor
C) To increase moisture content
D) To change food texture
Answer: A) To kill pathogens and extend shelf life

45. Which type of heat exchanger is commonly used for heating and cooling food products?

A) Plate heat exchanger
B) Shell and tube heat exchanger
C) Double pipe heat exchanger
D) Air-cooled heat exchanger
Answer: B) Shell and tube heat exchanger

46. In food processing, what does the term “scale-up” refer to?

A) Transitioning from laboratory-scale to industrial-scale production
B) Reducing the size of equipment
C) Increasing the temperature of processing
D) Enhancing flavor of food products
Answer: A) Transitioning from laboratory-scale to industrial-scale production

47. Which method involves the use of enzymes to process food products?

A) Enzymatic hydrolysis
B) Canning
C) Freezing
D) Drying
Answer: A) Enzymatic hydrolysis

48. What is the role of a packaging material in food engineering?

A) To protect food from environmental factors and extend shelf life
B) To mix food ingredients
C) To process food with heat
D) To measure food quality
Answer: A) To protect food from environmental factors and extend shelf life

49. Which technique is used to concentrate food liquids by removing water?

A) Evaporation
B) Filtration
C) Centrifugation
D) Distillation
Answer: A) Evaporation

50. What is the primary function of a fluidized bed dryer in food processing?

A) To dry granular food products by fluidizing them with hot air
B) To mix ingredients
C) To separate components
D) To cook food
Answer: A) To dry granular food products by fluidizing them with hot air

Food Engineering MCQs Food science

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