Evolutionary Biology — MCQs

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1. Who is regarded as the father of evolution?





2. The book On the Origin of Species was published in:





3. The idea of “inheritance of acquired characters” was proposed by:





4. The term “struggle for existence” was introduced by:





5. The concept of “survival of the fittest” was coined by:





6. Genetic variation is introduced into a population by:





7. Which of the following is not a mechanism of evolution?





8. The fossil record provides evidence for:





9. Which theory explains evolution through small, gradual changes?





10. Punctuated equilibrium was proposed by:





11. The basic unit of evolution is:





12. Industrial melanism in moths is an example of:





13. Which scientist independently proposed natural selection with Darwin?





14. Vestigial organs are evidence of:





15. Homologous structures indicate:





16. Analogous structures result from:





17. Which process can cause a sudden reduction in population size and genetic diversity?





18. The Hardy-Weinberg principle is used to study:





19. Which of the following is not a condition for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?





20. Gene flow refers to:





21. Adaptive radiation is observed in:





22. Speciation due to geographic isolation is called:





23. Which scientist is associated with the theory of uniformitarianism?





24. Which of the following evidences support evolution?





25. Atavism refers to:





26. Which is the raw material for evolution?





27. Which evolutionary force is entirely random?





28. The fossil Archaeopteryx shows characteristics of:





29. Who proposed the “five kingdom classification”?





30. Which term refers to small evolutionary changes within a population?





31. Macroevolution results in:





32. The study of embryos to understand evolution is called:





33. The founder effect is most common in:





34. Which evolutionary evidence is strongest at the molecular level?





35. The term “gene pool” refers to:





36. Natural selection acts directly on:





37. Which type of selection favors average traits?





38. Which type of selection favors extreme traits?





39. Sexual selection leads to:





40. Coevolution refers to:





41. Evolutionary trees are called:





42. Which isotope is commonly used for dating fossils?





43. The first life forms were most likely:





44. The Miller-Urey experiment demonstrated:





45. Which theory suggests life originated from non-living matter?





46. The term “fitness” in evolution refers to:





47. Which scientist is associated with population studies influencing Darwin?





48. Evolutionary convergence leads to:





49. Which period is known as the “age of reptiles”?





50. The earliest known hominid fossil is:





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