1. What is environmental biotechnology?
A) Studying animal behavior
B) Using biotechnological processes to solve environmental problems
C) Mining minerals
D) Analyzing genetic sequences
Answer: B) Using biotechnological processes to solve environmental problems
2. Which of the following is a primary goal of environmental biotechnology?
A) Increasing pollution levels
B) Decreasing biodiversity
C) Minimizing environmental impact
D) Ignoring ecological concerns
Answer: C) Minimizing environmental impact
3. What is the role of microorganisms in environmental biotechnology?
A) To accelerate pollution
B) To degrade pollutants
C) To increase waste production
D) To inhibit ecological processes
Answer: B) To degrade pollutants
4. Which technology is used to clean up oil spills in marine environments in environmental biotechnology?
A) Genetic engineering
B) Bioremediation
C) Process analytics
D) Metabolic engineering
Answer: B) Bioremediation
5. What is the significance of phytoremediation in environmental biotechnology?
A) It increases pollution levels
B) It reduces environmental impact
C) It accelerates waste production
D) It inhibits ecological processes
Answer: B) It reduces environmental impact
6. Which of the following is an example of a biodegradable material used in environmental biotechnology?
A) Plastic bags
B) Synthetic chemicals
C) Fossil fuels
D) Bioplastics
Answer: D) Bioplastics
7. What is the function of microbial consortia in environmental biotechnology?
A) To reduce pollution
B) To increase waste production
C) To inhibit microbial growth
D) To limit biotechnological processes
Answer: A) To reduce pollution
8. Which process is used to treat wastewater in environmental biotechnology?
A) Genetic engineering
B) Bioremediation
C) Fermentation
D) Sewage treatment
Answer: D) Sewage treatment
9. What is the role of biofuels in environmental biotechnology?
A) To increase pollution
B) To reduce greenhouse gas emissions
C) To accelerate waste production
D) To inhibit ecological processes
Answer: B) To reduce greenhouse gas emissions
10. Which enzyme is commonly used in environmental biotechnology for pollutant degradation?
A) Protease
B) Amylase
C) Lipase
D) Cellulase
Answer: C) Lipase
11. What is the purpose of using genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in environmental biotechnology?
A) To increase pollution levels
B) To accelerate waste production
C) To enhance pollutant degradation
D) To inhibit ecological processes
Answer: C) To enhance pollutant degradation
12. Which of the following is an application of environmental biotechnology in waste management?
A) Producing synthetic fibers
B) Recycling plastics
C) Manufacturing automobiles
D) Extracting minerals
Answer: B) Recycling plastics
13. What is the function of biosensors in environmental biotechnology?
A) To increase pollution
B) To analyze DNA sequences
C) To monitor environmental parameters
D) To inhibit ecological processes
Answer: C) To monitor environmental parameters
14. Which technology is used to reduce air pollution in environmental biotechnology?
A) Genetic engineering
B) Bioremediation
C) Catalytic converters
D) Metabolic engineering
Answer: C) Catalytic converters
15. What is the significance of green chemistry principles in environmental biotechnology?
A) They promote pollution
B) They reduce environmental impact
C) They accelerate waste production
D) They inhibit ecological processes
Answer: B) They reduce environmental impact
16. Which organism is commonly used in environmental biotechnology for soil remediation?
A) Fish
B) Birds
C) Bacteria
D) Reptiles
Answer: C) Bacteria
17. What is the role of biomimicry in environmental biotechnology?
A) To increase pollution
B) To mimic natural processes for sustainable solutions
C) To inhibit ecological processes
D) To limit biotechnological processes
Answer: B) To mimic natural processes for sustainable solutions
18. Which of the following is an example of a renewable resource used in environmental biotechnology?
A) Petroleum
B) Coal
C) Solar energy
D) Natural gas
Answer: C) Solar energy
19. What is the function of microbial fuel cells in environmental biotechnology?
A) To increase pollution
B) To generate electricity from organic matter
C) To inhibit ecological processes
D) To limit biotechnological processes
Answer: B) To generate electricity from organic matter
20. Which technique is used to monitor and control environmental biotechnology processes?
A) Genetic engineering
B) Downstream processing
C) Process analytics
D) Metabolic engineering
Answer: C) Process analytics
21. What is the role of biopolymers in environmental biotechnology?
A) To increase pollution
B) To produce plastics and fibers
C) To inhibit ecological processes
D) To limit biotechnological processes
Answer: B) To produce plastics and fibers
22. What is the function of metabolic engineering in environmental biotechnology?
A) To reduce enzyme activity
B) To limit product diversity
C) To optimize biochemical pathways for environmental applications
D) To increase waste production
Answer: C) To optimize biochemical pathways for environmental applications
23. Which enzyme is commonly used in environmental biotechnology for wastewater treatment?
A) Protease
B) Amylase
C) Lipase
D) Cellulase
Answer: A) Protease
24. What is the purpose of using biofilters in environmental biotechnology?
A) To increase pollution
B) To remove contaminants from air or water
C) To inhibit ecological processes
D) To limit biotechnological processes
Answer: B) To remove contaminants from air or water
25. Which technology is used to monitor air quality in environmental biotechnology?
A) Genetic engineering
B) Bioremediation
C) Sensor networks
D) Metabolic engineering
Answer: C) Sensor networks
26. What is the significance of microbial consortia in environmental biotechnology?
A) They promote pollution
B) They accelerate waste production
C) They facilitate complex environmental processes
D) They limit biotechnological processes
Answer: C) They facilitate complex environmental processes
27. Which enzyme is commonly used in environmental biotechnology for nitrogen removal in wastewater?
A) Nitrate reductase
B) Protease
C) Amylase
D) Lipase
Answer: A) Nitrate reductase
28. What is the role of biochar in environmental biotechnology?
A) To increase pollution
B) To promote soil fertility and carbon sequestration
C) To inhibit ecological processes
D) To limit biotechnological processes
Answer: B) To promote soil fertility and carbon sequestration
29. Which of the following is an application of environmental biotechnology in biodiversity conservation?
A) Increasing pollution levels
B) Restoring degraded ecosystems
C) Accelerating waste production
D) Inhibiting ecological processes
Answer: B) Restoring degraded ecosystems
30. What is the function of microbial enzymes in environmental biotechnology?
A) To increase pollution
B) To catalyze biochemical reactions for pollutant degradation
C) To inhibit ecological processes
D) To limit biotechnological processes
Answer: B) To catalyze biochemical reactions for pollutant degradation
31. Which technology is used to monitor and analyze microbial communities in environmental biotechnology?
A) Genetic engineering
B) Metagenomics
C) Process analytics
D) Metabolic engineering
Answer: B) Metagenomics
32. What is the significance of biofertilizers in environmental biotechnology?
A) They increase pollution
B) They improve soil fertility and promote sustainable agriculture
C) They inhibit ecological processes
D) They limit biotechnological processes
Answer: B) They improve soil fertility and promote sustainable agriculture
33. Which enzyme is commonly used in environmental biotechnology for heavy metal remediation?
A) Metalloproteases
B) Amylases
C) Lipases
D) Phytases
Answer: A) Metalloproteases
34. What is the purpose of using genetically modified crops in environmental biotechnology?
A) To increase pollution
B) To enhance crop resilience and productivity
C) To inhibit ecological processes
D) To limit biotechnological processes
Answer: B) To enhance crop resilience and productivity
35. Which technology is used for biogas production in environmental biotechnology?
A) Genetic engineering
B) Anaerobic digestion
C) Process analytics
D) Metabolic engineering
Answer: B) Anaerobic digestion
36. What is the function of biofilms in environmental biotechnology?
A) To increase pollution
B) To promote microbial growth and activity in wastewater treatment
C) To inhibit ecological processes
D) To limit biotechnological processes
Answer: B) To promote microbial growth and activity in wastewater treatment
37. Which of the following is an application of environmental biotechnology in climate change mitigation?
A) Accelerating pollution
B) Reducing greenhouse gas emissions
C) Inhibiting ecological processes
D) Limiting biotechnological processes
Answer: B) Reducing greenhouse gas emissions
38. What is the role of microbial biosurfactants in environmental biotechnology?
A) To increase pollution
B) To enhance biodegradation of hydrophobic pollutants
C) To inhibit ecological processes
D) To limit biotechnological processes
Answer: B) To enhance biodegradation of hydrophobic pollutants
39. Which enzyme is commonly used in environmental biotechnology for pesticide degradation?
A) Pesticidease
B) Protease
C) Amylase
D) Lipase
Answer: A) Pesticidease
40. What is the purpose of using phage therapy in environmental biotechnology?
A) To increase pollution
B) To control bacterial pathogens in environmental systems
C) To inhibit ecological processes
D) To limit biotechnological processes
Answer: B) To control bacterial pathogens in environmental systems
41. Which technology is used for soil stabilization in environmental biotechnology?
A) Genetic engineering
B) Soil bioaugmentation
C) Process analytics
D) Metabolic engineering
Answer: B) Soil bioaugmentation
42. What is the significance of green roofs in environmental biotechnology?
A) They increase pollution
B) They reduce urban heat island effect and stormwater runoff
C) They inhibit ecological processes
D) They limit biotechnological processes
Answer: B) They reduce urban heat island effect and stormwater runoff
43. Which enzyme is commonly used in environmental biotechnology for cellulose degradation?
A) Cellulase
B) Protease
C) Amylase
D) Lipase
Answer: A) Cellulase
44. What is the function of biofouling control strategies in environmental biotechnology?
A) To increase pollution
B) To prevent the accumulation of organisms on surfaces
C) To inhibit ecological processes
D) To limit biotechnological processes
Answer: B) To prevent the accumulation of organisms on surfaces
45. Which technology is used for soil remediation in environmental biotechnology?
A) Genetic engineering
B) Phytoremediation
C) Process analytics
D) Metabolic engineering
Answer: B) Phytoremediation
46. What is the role of biopesticides in environmental biotechnology?
A) To increase pollution
B) To control pests using natural agents
C) To inhibit ecological processes
D) To limit biotechnological processes
Answer: B) To control pests using natural agents
47. Which enzyme is commonly used in environmental biotechnology for organic waste degradation?
A) Protease
B) Amylase
C) Lipase
D) Composting enzyme
Answer: C) Lipase
48. What is the significance of using biofiltration in environmental biotechnology?
A) It increases pollution
B) It removes contaminants from air or water using biological processes
C) It inhibits ecological processes
D) It limits biotechnological processes
Answer: B) It removes contaminants from air or water using biological processes
49. Which technology is used for groundwater remediation in environmental biotechnology?
A) Genetic engineering
B) In-situ bioremediation
C) Process analytics
D) Metabolic engineering
Answer: B) In-situ bioremediation
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