Ecology — MCQs

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1. Ecology — MCQs





2. Who is known as the “father of ecology”?





3. Which level of ecology studies populations of the same species?





4. The total amount of living matter in an ecosystem is called:





5. Which biome has the greatest biodiversity?





6. Which of the following is an abiotic factor?





7. The rate at which producers create organic matter is called:





8. Which pyramid is always upright?





9. A group of interacting populations forms a:





10. Which gas is most responsible for global warming?





11. The study of freshwater ecosystems is called:





12. Which organisms are primary producers?





13. Which cycle involves the movement of water through evaporation, condensation, and precipitation?





14. The term “niche” refers to:





15. Which biome has permafrost?





16. The largest biome on Earth is:





17. Which organisms recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem?





18. The main source of energy in most ecosystems is:





19. Which species has a major impact on ecosystem structure despite its low abundance?





20. What is the gradual change in species composition in an area over time called?





21. Which succession occurs on bare rock?





22. Which gas is fixed by nitrogen-fixing bacteria?





23. The upper layer of the ocean where sunlight penetrates is called:





24. Which organisms occupy the first trophic level?





25. Which interaction benefits one species without affecting the other?





26. Which interaction is harmful to both species?





27. Energy flow in an ecosystem is:





28. The maximum population size that the environment can support is called:





29. DDT is an example of:





30. Which organisms are at the top of the food chain?





31. The ozone layer protects Earth from:





32. Which type of biodiversity refers to variation within species?





33. Which biome is dominated by grasses and few trees?





34. Which organisms convert dead matter into nutrients?





35. The science of restoring damaged ecosystems is called:





36. Which ecological pyramid can be inverted?





37. The thin layer of life-supporting region on Earth is called:





38. Acid rain is mainly caused by:





39. Which cycle involves photosynthesis and respiration?





40. Which biome has the least rainfall?





41. Which type of succession occurs after a forest fire?





42. Which greenhouse gas is most potent per molecule?





43. What percentage of energy is typically transferred from one trophic level to the next?





44. Which zone of a lake is shallow and well-lit?





45. Which organisms break down organic waste anaerobically?





46. Which law states that “energy is neither created nor destroyed”?





47. Which organisms are the first colonizers in primary succession?





48. What is the study of the distribution of organisms called?





49. The gradual increase in Earth’s average temperature is called:





50. Which organisms are most affected by biomagnification?





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