Biostatistics of Animal mcqs December 8, 2025April 9, 2024 by u930973931_answers 60 min Score: 0 Attempted: 0/60 Subscribe 1. What does the term "biostatistics" refer to? (A) The study of living organisms (B) The application of statistics to biological data (C) The analysis of genetic information (D) The study of animal behavior 2. In a population of animals, what does the term "mean" represent? (A) The sum of all values divided by the number of values (B) The midpoint of the data (C) The most common value (D) The value that occurs most frequently 3. Which of the following measures of central tendency is affected by extreme values? (A) Mean (B) Median (C) Mode (D) Range 4. What is the purpose of using a scatterplot in biostatistics? (A) To show the distribution of data (B) To display the relationship between two variables (C) To calculate probabilities (D) To summarize categorical data 5. Which statistical test is used to determine if there is a significant difference between the means of two groups? (A) Chi-square test (B) T-test (C) ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) (D) Regression analysis 6. In biostatistics, what does "p-value" represent? (A) The confidence interval of the data (B) The probability of accepting the null hypothesis when it is false (C) The significance level of the study (D) The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true 7. Which type of data can be categorized into discrete or continuous variables? (A) Nominal (B) Ordinal (C) Ratio (D) Interval 8. What is the purpose of hypothesis testing in biostatistics? (A) To summarize data (B) To make predictions about future outcomes (C) To compare sample statistics to population parameters (D) To calculate probabilities 9. What does the term "correlation coefficient" measure in biostatistics? (A) The spread of data around the mean (B) The average value of a dataset (C) The strength and direction of a relationship between two variables (D) The probability of an event occurring 10. Which measure of dispersion is affected by extreme values in a dataset? (A) Range (B) Standard deviation (C) Interquartile range (D) Variance 11. What does the term "normal distribution" refer to in biostatistics? (A) A distribution of data that is perfectly symmetrical (B) A distribution of data that forms a bell-shaped curve (C) A distribution of data that is skewed to the right (D) A distribution of data that is skewed to the left 12. In a two-way ANOVA, how many factors are being analyzed? (A) One (B) Two (C) Three (D) Four 13. What does "probability sampling" involve? (A) Assigning treatments randomly to experimental units (B) Choosing samples based on specific criteria (C) Using convenience samples (D) Selecting samples randomly from the population 14. Which of the following is NOT a measure of central tendency? (A) Mean (B) Median (C) Variance (D) Mode 15. Which statistical test is appropriate for analyzing the relationship between a categorical independent variable and a continuous dependent variable? (A) Regression analysis (B) Chi-square test (C) ANOVA (D) T-test 16. What does the term "confidence interval" represent in biostatistics? (A) The level of significance of the study (B) The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis (C) The range of values within which the true population parameter is estimated to lie (D) The range of values within which the sample mean is expected to vary 17. Which of the following is NOT a type of probability sampling? (A) Simple random sampling (B) Stratified sampling (C) Cluster sampling (D) Convenience sampling 18. Which measure of central tendency is most appropriate for skewed data? (A) Mean (B) Mode (C) Median (D) Range 19. What does the term "statistical power" refer to? (A) The probability of a Type I error (B) The ability of a statistical test to detect a true effect (C) The probability of a Type II error (D) The confidence level of the study 20. In biostatistics, what does "null hypothesis" state? (A) There is a significant difference between groups or an effect of treatment (B) There is no difference between groups or no effect of treatment (C) There is a perfect correlation between variables (D) There is no correlation between variables 21. Which of the following is NOT a measure of association used in biostatistics? (A) Pearson correlation coefficient (B) Spearman rank correlation coefficient (C) Kendall's tau coefficient (D) Standard deviation 22. What does "ANOVA" stand for in biostatistics? (A) Analysis of Numerical Variables and Associations (B) Analysis of Nominal Variables and Attributes (C) Analysis of Data Variation (D) Analysis of Variance 23. Which statistical test is used to determine if there is a relationship between two categorical variables? (A) T-test (B) Chi-square test (C) ANOVA (D) Regression analysis 24. In biostatistics, what does "standard error" measure? (A) The spread of data around the mean (B) The variability within a sample (C) The precision of the sample mean as an estimate of the population mean (D) The accuracy of the sample mean as an estimate of the population mean 25. What is the purpose of randomization in experimental design? (A) To increase the statistical power of the study (B) To control for confounding variables (C) To ensure each experimental unit has an equal chance of being assigned to a treatment group (D) To minimize bias in sample selection 26. Which measure of dispersion is calculated as the square root of the variance? (A) Standard deviation (B) Range (C) Interquartile range (D) Mean absolute deviation 27. What does "statistical significance" indicate in biostatistics? (A) The practical importance of the results (B) The strength of the relationship between variables (C) The likelihood that the results occurred by chance (D) The reliability of the study findings 28. Which of the following is a non-parametric statistical test? (A) Chi-square test (B) ANOVA (C) T-test (D) Regression analysis 29. What does "confidence level" represent in biostatistics? (A) The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis (B) The range of values within which the true population parameter lies (C) The precision of the sample mean (D) The strength of the relationship between variables 30. Which of the following is NOT an assumption of the T-test? (A) Equal sample sizes (B) Homogeneity of variances (C) Independence of observations (D) Normal distribution of data 31. In biostatistics, what does ANOVA compare? (A) Means of two independent groups (B) Means of two related groups (C) Means of two or more independent groups (D) Proportions of two or more groups 32. What does "type I error" refer to? (A) Failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is false (B) Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true (C) Accepting the alternative hypothesis when it is true (D) Failing to accept the alternative hypothesis when it is true 33. Which type of sampling involves dividing the population into groups and then randomly selecting from those groups? (A) Simple random sampling (B) Stratified sampling (C) Systematic sampling (D) Cluster sampling 34. What is the main purpose of a regression analysis? (A) To test hypotheses (B) To summarize categorical data (C) To compare means between groups (D) To describe the relationship between two or more variables 35. Which statistical test is used to compare the variances of two or more groups? (A) F-test (B) T-test (C) Chi-square test (D) ANOVA 36. What is the term for the value that occurs most frequently in a dataset? (A) Mean (B) Median (C) Mode (D) Range 37. What does the term "skewness" refer to in a dataset? (A) The concentration of data around the median (B) The spread of data around the mean (C) The symmetry of the distribution (D) The average distance from the mean 38. What is "kurtosis" in a dataset? (A) The measure of the peak of the distribution (B) The measure of the spread of data around the mean (C) The measure of skewness (D) The measure of central tendency 39. In biostatistics, what does a histogram show? (A) The distribution of a single variable (B) The relationship between two variables (C) The spread of data around the median (D) The correlation between variables 40. What is the purpose of using covariance in biostatistics? (A) To determine the probability of an event occurring (B) To measure the spread of data around the mean (C) To calculate the average value of a dataset (D) To measure the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two variables 41. What does data normalization involve? (A) Summarizing data into categories (B) Adjusting data to a common scale without distorting differences (C) Calculating the mean of a dataset (D) Measuring variability within a sample 42. Which measure of central tendency is least affected by outliers? (A) Mean (B) Mode (C) Median (D) Range 43. What is the main purpose of a box plot? (A) To show the relationship between two variables (B) To visualize the distribution and spread of data (C) To calculate probabilities (D) To summarize categorical data 44. What does statistical inference involve? (A) Measuring central tendency (B) Summarizing data in a frequency distribution (C) Making conclusions about a population based on sample data (D) Testing hypotheses 45. In biostatistics, what does a correlation matrix show? (A) Frequency distribution of one variable (B) Strength and direction of relationships between multiple variables (C) Summary statistics of data (D) Correlation between two variables 46. Which of the following is a non-parametric test? (A) ANOVA (B) T-test (C) Mann-Whitney U test (D) Linear regression 47. What does "type II error" refer to? (A) Failing to accept the alternative hypothesis when it is true (B) Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true (C) Accepting the alternative hypothesis when it is false (D) Failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is false 48. What does simple random sampling ensure? (A) The sample represents a specific subgroup (B) Groups are represented proportionally (C) Each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected (D) Every sample has an equal chance of being selected 49. Which type of data can be ranked but not measured? (A) Nominal (B) Interval (C) Ordinal (D) Ratio 50. What is the interquartile range (IQR)? (A) The range within which the middle 50% of data falls (B) Difference between max and min values (C) The range of the central 25% (D) Difference between mean and median 51. Which statistical measure is used to summarize the relationship between two categorical variables? (A) T-test (B) Chi-square test (C) ANOVA (D) Pearson correlation coefficient 52. What is the mean absolute deviation (MAD)? (A) The sum of squared differences from the mean (B) The average of absolute differences from the mean (C) The square root of the variance (D) The difference between max and min 53. What does homogeneity of variances refer to? (A) Variables are correlated (B) Means are similar (C) Data is evenly distributed (D) Variances of different groups are equal 54. What is a residual in regression analysis? (A) Coefficient of determination (B) Difference between observed and predicted value (C) Slope of regression line (D) Mean of residuals 55. Which measure is used to assess goodness-of-fit of a model? (A) Mean absolute deviation (B) Standard deviation (C) R-squared (D) Chi-square statistic 56. What is the purpose of survival analysis? (A) To analyze frequency of events (B) To estimate time until an event occurs (C) To test treatment effectiveness (D) To compare means between groups 57. What does a normality test assess? (A) Whether data has a significant mean (B) Whether data follows a normal distribution (C) Whether data is equally distributed (D) Whether data has significant variance 58. In a dataset, what is the range? (A) Middle value (B) Difference between maximum and minimum (C) Average of all values (D) Most frequently occurring value 59. What is kurtosis used to measure? (A) Asymmetry of distribution (B) Average of the dataset (C) Spread of data around the mean (D) Peakedness or flatness of the distribution 60. Which statistical measure is used to compare the means of three or more groups? (A) T-test (B) Chi-square test (C) Regression analysis (D) ANOVA