Bioinformatics — MCQs August 22, 2025 by u930973931_answers 50 Score: 0 Attempted: 0/50 Subscribe 1. Which of the following is the primary database for nucleotide sequences? (A) PDB (B) GenBank (C) KEGG (D) UniProt 2. The Protein Data Bank (PDB) mainly stores: (A) DNA sequences (B) RNA sequences (C) Protein 3D structures (D) Enzyme kinetics 3. Which algorithm is most commonly used for sequence alignment? (A) Needleman–Wunsch (B) Dijkstra (C) Kruskal (D) Prim 4. BLAST is used for: (A) Protein folding prediction (B) Sequence similarity searching (C) Gene editing (D) DNA sequencing 5. FASTA format is commonly used for: (A) Protein structures (B) Sequence data storage (C) Gene expression values (D) Molecular docking 6. Which tool is used for multiple sequence alignment? (A) ClustalW (B) BLAST (C) FASTA (D) RasMol 7. The Human Genome Project was completed in: (A) 1990 (B) 2003 (C) 2010 (D) 2015 8. In bioinformatics, annotation refers to: (A) Editing DNA (B) Predicting gene functions (C) Sequencing nucleotides (D) PCR amplification 9. UniProt is a database for: (A) Protein sequences and functions (B) RNA secondary structures (C) DNA motifs (D) Metabolites 10. Which programming language is most widely used in bioinformatics? (A) Java (B) Python (C) C++ (D) Ruby 11. KEGG database is primarily used for: (A) Gene sequencing (B) Pathway analysis (C) Protein 3D modeling (D) RNA splicing 12. The Needleman–Wunsch algorithm is used for: (A) Local alignment (B) Global alignment (C) Phylogenetic trees (D) Protein docking 13. Smith–Waterman algorithm is used for: (A) Local sequence alignment (B) Global sequence alignment (C) Protein folding (D) DNA replication modeling 14. Phylogenetic trees represent: (A) Protein folding (B) Evolutionary relationships (C) Enzyme activity (D) DNA replication 15. Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) are used in bioinformatics for: (A) Phylogenetic tree building (B) Gene prediction (C) Protein crystallography (D) PCR design 16. In databases, “redundancy” refers to: (A) Missing data (B) Duplicate entries (C) Updated information (D) Incorrect values 17. Which file format is used for protein structures? (A) .fasta (B) .pdb (C) .txt (D) .xml 18. What does BLAST stand for? (A) Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (B) Biological Linear Algorithm Search Tool (C) Bioinformatics Linked Alignment Search Tool (D) Basic Linear Algorithm Search Technique 19. Molecular docking is used to study: (A) Gene expression (B) Protein–ligand interactions (C) DNA replication (D) RNA transcription 20. Transcriptomics deals with the study of: (A) Proteins (B) Metabolites (C) RNA transcripts (D) DNA sequences 21. The central dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of information from: (A) Protein → DNA → RNA (B) DNA → RNA → Protein (C) RNA → Protein → DNA (D) Protein → RNA → DNA 22. Structural bioinformatics deals with: (A) Protein structures (B) Genome mapping (C) Gene sequencing (D) DNA replication 23. Which database provides information about protein families and domains? (A) Pfam (B) PDB (C) KEGG (D) GenBank 24. Which bioinformatics tool is used for primer design? (A) Primer-BLAST (B) ClustalW (C) KEGG (D) PyMOL 25. A phylogenetic tree with a single common ancestor is called: (A) Monophyletic (B) Polyphyletic (C) Paraphyletic (D) Heterophyletic 26. The process of converting raw sequence data into meaningful biological information is called: (A) Sequencing (B) Annotation (C) Hybridization (D) Amplification 27. Which database is specialized in metabolic pathways? (A) KEGG (B) PDB (C) GenBank (D) Pfam 28. Which of the following is an application of bioinformatics? (A) Drug discovery (B) Protein structure prediction (C) Genome sequencing (D) All of the above 29. The FASTQ file format is used in: (A) Next-generation sequencing data (B) Protein crystallography (C) Metabolomics (D) DNA microarrays 30. Which visualization tool is commonly used for protein 3D structures? (A) PyMOL (B) ClustalW (C) BLAST (D) KEGG 31. Homology modeling is used to: (A) Predict protein structure (B) Design primers (C) Align nucleotide sequences (D) Study metabolic pathways 32. The main role of transcriptomics is to study: (A) Protein folding (B) Gene expression (C) DNA replication (D) Enzyme kinetics 33. Which database contains curated protein-protein interactions? (A) STRING (B) PDB (C) GenBank (D) KEGG 34. Which algorithm is widely used in BLAST? (A) Dynamic programming (B) Heuristic approach (C) Neural network (D) Greedy algorithm 35. The reference sequence database maintained by NCBI is called: (A) RefSeq (B) GenBank (C) KEGG (D) UniProt 36. Protein secondary structure includes: (A) Alpha helices and beta sheets (B) Disulfide bonds (C) Domains (D) Complete 3D folding 37. Microarray technology is used to study: (A) DNA mutations (B) Gene expression (C) Protein–ligand docking (D) Evolutionary trees 38. Which term describes similarity due to common ancestry? (A) Homology (B) Analogy (C) Convergence (D) Divergence 39. The process of predicting a protein’s 3D structure from its sequence is called: (A) Homology modeling (B) Structural genomics (C) Protein folding prediction (D) Annotation 40. Which software is used for sequence alignment visualization? (A) Jalview (B) PyMOL (C) RasMol (D) SwissDock 41. Molecular dynamics simulations are used to: (A) Model protein movements (B) Align DNA sequences (C) Study gene mutations (D) Construct phylogenetic trees 42. In bioinformatics, ORF stands for: (A) Open Reading Frame (B) Operational RNA Function (C) Ordered Ribosome Frame (D) Original RNA Factor 43. Which technique is commonly used for protein structure determination? (A) X-ray crystallography (B) DNA sequencing (C) PCR (D) Northern blotting 44. RNA-Seq is mainly used for: (A) Studying protein folding (B) Analyzing transcriptomes (C) Mapping metabolic pathways (D) Predicting DNA structures 45. Comparative genomics involves: (A) Comparing DNA sequences between species (B) PCR-based sequencing (C) Gene editing (D) Protein crystallography 46. Which of the following is NOT a primary database? (A) GenBank (B) EMBL (C) DDBJ (D) KEGG 47. A database of protein families based on multiple sequence alignment is: (A) Pfam (B) PDB (C) KEGG (D) STRING 48. A hidden Markov model is best applied in: (A) Gene prediction (B) PCR primer design (C) Protein crystallography (D) Electrophoresis 49. Which is a secondary database that compiles information from primary sources? (A) Swiss-Prot (B) GenBank (C) EMBL (D) DDBJ 50. Which approach is widely used in drug discovery using bioinformatics? (A) Virtual screening (B) Southern blotting (C) PCR amplification (D) Microinjection