Applications of biotechnology in food production MCQs Food science

1. What is the primary application of biotechnology in food production?

a) Improving crop yields
b) Enhancing food flavor
c) Reducing food spoilage
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

2. Which of the following is a biotech-derived product used to improve the nutritional content of food?

a) Bt corn
b) Golden Rice
c) Roundup Ready Soybean
d) Bt Cotton
Answer: b) Golden Rice

3. Which microorganism is commonly used in the production of bread?

a) Yeast
b) Bacteria
c) Mold
d) Virus
Answer: a) Yeast

4. Which biotech application is used to produce insulin for diabetic patients?

a) Gene editing
b) Fermentation
c) Recombinant DNA technology
d) Gene silencing
Answer: c) Recombinant DNA technology

5. What is the role of genetically modified (GM) yeast in food production?

a) To enhance flavor
b) To produce enzymes and bioactive compounds
c) To increase shelf life
d) To improve texture
Answer: b) To produce enzymes and bioactive compounds

6. Which enzyme is commonly used in the production of cheese?

a) Lactase
b) Lipase
c) Rennin
d) Amylase
Answer: c) Rennin

7. What is the purpose of using GM bacteria in the production of yogurt?

a) To increase bacterial growth rate
b) To produce probiotics and enhance flavor
c) To improve texture
d) To increase shelf life
Answer: b) To produce probiotics and enhance flavor

8. Which biotech method is used to create genetically modified crops that are resistant to pests?

a) CRISPR-Cas9
b) Agrobacterium-mediated transformation
c) Microinjection
d) Gene gun
Answer: b) Agrobacterium-mediated transformation

9. Which of the following biotech applications is used to improve the fermentation process in wine production?

a) GM yeast strains
b) Genetic modification of grapes
c) Enzyme enhancement
d) Microbial fermentation control
Answer: a) GM yeast strains

10. What is the role of biotechnology in the production of bioethanol?

a) To enhance flavor
b) To produce ethanol from biomass through fermentation
c) To improve nutritional content
d) To increase shelf life
Answer: b) To produce ethanol from biomass through fermentation

11. How is biotechnology used to enhance the quality of beer?

a) By modifying the beer’s color
b) By using GM yeast to improve fermentation
c) By adding artificial flavors
d) By increasing carbonation
Answer: b) By using GM yeast to improve fermentation

12. What is the application of biotransformation in food production?

a) To alter the flavor of food
b) To convert one compound into another using microorganisms
c) To increase the shelf life of food
d) To improve food texture
Answer: b) To convert one compound into another using microorganisms

13. Which biotech application is used to create hypoallergenic foods?

a) Gene editing
b) Recombinant DNA technology
c) Protein engineering
d) Fermentation
Answer: c) Protein engineering

14. What is the purpose of using genetically modified (GM) crops in the production of plant-based meat substitutes?

a) To improve taste
b) To enhance nutritional value
c) To increase protein content
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

15. Which biotech process is used to produce the enzyme rennet for cheese making?

a) Recombinant DNA technology
b) Fermentation
c) Gene silencing
d) Cloning
Answer: a) Recombinant DNA technology

16. What is a key benefit of using GM crops in food production?

a) Increased resistance to diseases
b) Improved flavor
c) Higher cost of production
d) Longer cooking time
Answer: a) Increased resistance to diseases

17. Which biotech application is used to develop crops with improved drought tolerance?

a) Gene editing
b) Microbial fermentation
c) Recombinant protein production
d) Enzyme enhancement
Answer: a) Gene editing

18. How does biotechnology contribute to the production of low-fat dairy products?

a) By modifying milk composition through genetic modification
b) By adding artificial sweeteners
c) By using different fermentation techniques
d) By altering milk pasteurization methods
Answer: a) By modifying milk composition through genetic modification

19. Which biotech approach is used to produce plant-derived pharmaceuticals?

a) Recombinant DNA technology
b) Traditional breeding
c) Chemical synthesis
d) Microbial fermentation
Answer: a) Recombinant DNA technology

20. What is the role of bioreactors in food production?

a) To store raw materials
b) To enhance the flavor of food
c) To provide a controlled environment for microbial growth and product synthesis
d) To package finished products
Answer: c) To provide a controlled environment for microbial growth and product synthesis

21. Which enzyme is used in the production of high-fructose corn syrup?

a) Amylase
b) Glucose isomerase
c) Lactase
d) Cellulase
Answer: b) Glucose isomerase

22. What is the application of biotechnology in the production of biofortified crops?

a) To enhance crop resistance to pests
b) To increase the nutritional content of crops
c) To improve crop yield
d) To alter crop color
Answer: b) To increase the nutritional content of crops

23. Which biotech method is used to produce enzymes for use in bread-making?

a) Fermentation
b) Recombinant DNA technology
c) Gene silencing
d) Protein engineering
Answer: b) Recombinant DNA technology

24. What is the purpose of using GM crops in the production of biofuels?

a) To increase the efficiency of biofuel production
b) To enhance the flavor of biofuels
c) To reduce the cost of biofuels
d) To improve the shelf life of biofuels
Answer: a) To increase the efficiency of biofuel production

25. How does biotechnology contribute to the development of allergen-free foods?

a) By using traditional breeding techniques
b) By modifying proteins to reduce allergenicity
c) By adding artificial flavors
d) By altering food processing methods
Answer: b) By modifying proteins to reduce allergenicity

26. Which biotech application is used to produce genetically modified fish for aquaculture?

a) Gene silencing
b) Recombinant DNA technology
c) Fermentation
d) Microbial fermentation
Answer: b) Recombinant DNA technology

27. What is the role of genetically modified (GM) crops in sustainable agriculture?

a) To increase the use of chemical fertilizers
b) To enhance soil health
c) To improve crop yields and reduce environmental impact
d) To increase the cost of farming
Answer: c) To improve crop yields and reduce environmental impact

28. Which biotech process is used to develop crops with improved nutrient profiles?

a) Gene editing
b) Crossbreeding
c) Traditional breeding
d) Hybridization
Answer: a) Gene editing

29. How does biotechnology enhance the safety of food products?

a) By improving packaging methods
b) By modifying food ingredients to reduce contamination risks
c) By increasing the shelf life of food products
d) By altering food processing techniques
Answer: b) By modifying food ingredients to reduce contamination risks

30. What is the primary benefit of using GM microorganisms in food production?

a) Enhanced taste
b) Increased nutritional value
c) Efficient production of specific compounds or enzymes
d) Improved texture
Answer: c) Efficient production of specific compounds or enzymes

31. Which biotech application is used to improve the efficiency of protein production in plants?

a) Recombinant DNA technology
b) Traditional breeding
c) Chemical synthesis
d) Gene silencing
Answer: a) Recombinant DNA technology

32. What is the role of genetically modified (GM) crops in reducing pesticide use?

a) By increasing crop yield
b) By enhancing crop resistance to pests
c) By improving soil fertility
d) By altering crop color
Answer: b) By enhancing crop resistance to pests

33. Which biotech method is used to produce bioactive compounds such as vitamins and antioxidants in plants?

a) Gene editing
b) Fermentation
c) Recombinant DNA technology
d) Traditional breeding
Answer: c) Recombinant DNA technology

34. What is the purpose of using GM crops to produce industrial enzymes?

a) To enhance the nutritional content of the crops
b) To increase the efficiency of industrial processes
c) To improve the taste of the crops
d) To extend the shelf life of the crops
Answer: b) To increase the efficiency of industrial processes

35. Which biotech application is used to develop crops with enhanced drought tolerance?

a) Gene editing
b) Microbial fermentation
c) Recombinant DNA technology
d) Enzyme enhancement
Answer: a) Gene editing

36. How does biotechnology contribute to the production of low-calorie sweeteners?

a) By using GM microorganisms to produce sweeteners through fermentation
b) By altering the color of sweeteners
c) By increasing the shelf life of sweeteners
d) By improving the texture of sweeteners
Answer: a) By using GM microorganisms to produce sweeteners through fermentation

37. What is the role of genetic modification in improving crop yield?

a) By increasing plant resistance to diseases and pests
b) By enhancing flavor
c) By extending shelf life
d) By altering color
Answer: a) By increasing plant resistance to diseases and pests

38. Which biotech process is used to create plant-based vaccines?

a) Gene editing
b) Recombinant DNA technology
c) Fermentation
d) Microbial fermentation
Answer: b) Recombinant DNA technology

39. What is the benefit of using GM crops in producing biodegradable plastics?

a) Increased crop yield
b) Enhanced plastic durability
c) Reduction in environmental pollution
d) Improved plastic color
Answer: c) Reduction in environmental pollution

40. Which biotech approach is used to enhance the safety and quality of meat products?

a) Genetic modification of livestock
b) Traditional breeding methods
c) Chemical additives
d) Altered processing techniques
Answer: a) Genetic modification of livestock

41. What is the primary goal of using GM microorganisms in food production?

a) To increase food flavor
b) To enhance nutrient content
c) To produce specific compounds or enzymes efficiently
d) To improve food texture
Answer: c) To produce specific compounds or enzymes efficiently

42. Which biotech method is used to improve the quality of fruits and vegetables by modifying their genetic makeup?

a) Gene editing
b) Traditional breeding
c) Hybridization
d) Crossbreeding
Answer: a) Gene editing

43. What is the role of genetic modification in developing disease-resistant crops?

a) To improve taste
b) To increase crop yield
c) To enhance resistance to specific pathogens
d) To alter crop color
Answer: c) To enhance resistance to specific pathogens

44. Which biotech application is used to develop crops with improved soil nutrient utilization?

a) Gene editing
b) Microbial fermentation
c) Recombinant DNA technology
d) Traditional breeding
Answer: a) Gene editing

45. What is the purpose of using GM crops in the production of bioplastics?

a) To enhance the durability of plastics
b) To reduce environmental impact by producing biodegradable plastics
c) To improve the color of plastics
d) To increase plastic production speed
Answer: b) To reduce environmental impact by producing biodegradable plastics

46. How does biotechnology aid in the production of functional foods?

a) By enhancing their nutritional content
b) By improving their taste
c) By increasing their shelf life
d) By altering their appearance
Answer: a) By enhancing their nutritional content

47. What is the application of biotechnology in the production of low-fat dairy products?

a) Using GM bacteria to alter milk composition
b) Adding artificial sweeteners
c) Modifying dairy processing techniques
d) Using traditional fermentation methods
Answer: a) Using GM bacteria to alter milk composition

48. Which biotech approach is used to develop crops that can grow in saline soils?

a) Gene editing
b) Traditional breeding
c) Hybridization
d) Chemical modification
Answer: a) Gene editing

49. What is the role of biotechnology in the production of plant-based meat alternatives?

a) To increase the protein content
b) To enhance flavor and texture
c) To improve nutritional value
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

50. Which biotech method is used to develop crops with enhanced resistance to environmental stresses?

a) Gene editing
b) Traditional breeding
c) Crossbreeding
d) Hybridization
Answer: a) Gene editing

Applications of biotechnology in food production MCQs Food science

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