Animal Biogeographic Patterns MCQS January 8, 2026April 6, 2024 by u930973931_answers 50 min Score: 0 Attempted: 0/50 Subscribe 1. What is biogeography? (A) The study of animal behavior (B) The study of animal anatomy (C) The study of animal distribution and diversity in space and time (D) The study of animal genetics 2. Which of the following factors influences animal biogeographic patterns? (A) Climate (B) Geological events (C) All of the above (D) Evolutionary history 3. Which type of biogeographic boundary separates distinct regions with different animal species compositions? (A) Convergence (B) Disjunction (C) Vicariance (D) Endemism 4. Which biogeographic region is characterized by its high species diversity and endemism? (A) Neotropical (B) Nearctic (C) Palearctic (D) Ethiopian 5. Which of the following is an example of a dispersal barrier affecting animal distribution? (A) Mountain ranges (B) Rivers (C) Oceans (D) All of the above 6. Which type of dispersal involves animals moving away from their original habitat? (A) Active dispersal (B) Passive dispersal (C) Jump dispersal (D) Random dispersal 7. Which of the following biogeographic realms includes regions such as Australia, New Guinea, and New Zealand? (A) Neotropical (B) Palearctic (C) Indo-Malayan (D) Australasian 8. Which term describes species that are unique to a particular geographic area? (A) Keystone species (B) Endemic species (C) Native species (D) Invasive species 9. Which of the following factors contributes to the formation of biogeographic patterns? (A) Continental drift (B) All of the above (C) Plate tectonics (D) Climate change 10. Which biogeographic region includes regions such as North America, Greenland, and parts of Siberia? (A) Indo-Malayan (B) Neotropical (C) Afrotropical (D) Nearctic 11. Which biogeographic concept suggests that species evolve independently in geographically isolated areas? (A) Dispersal (B) Vicariance (C) Endemism (D) Allopatric speciation 12. Which of the following is an example of a biogeographic barrier created by geological events? (A) Ice caps (B) Deserts (C) Islands (D) Mountain ranges 13. Which biogeographic region includes regions such as Africa, Madagascar, and parts of the Arabian Peninsula? (A) Neotropical (B) Palearctic (C) Afrotropical (D) Indo-Malayan 14. Which term refers to the study of past biogeographic patterns and events? (A) Historical biogeography (B) Paleobiogeography (C) Phylogeography (D) Biogeographic modeling 15. Which of the following is NOT considered a major biogeographic realm? (A) Arctic (B) Palaearctic (C) Neotropical (D) Nearctic 16. Which of the following is an example of a biogeographic realm that includes regions such as India, Southeast Asia, and parts of China? (A) Palearctic (B) Indo-Malayan (C) Nearctic (D) Australasian 17. Which biogeographic realm includes regions such as Europe, Asia (excluding the Indian subcontinent), and North Africa? (A) Nearctic (B) Palearctic (C) Neotropical (D) Afrotropical 18. Which term describes the movement of animals from one habitat to another? (A) Migration (B) Dispersal (C) Vicariance (D) Endemism 19. Which biogeographic realm includes regions such as South America, Central America, and the Caribbean? (A) Afrotropical (B) Australasian (C) Indo-Malayan (D) Neotropical 20. Which biogeographic concept suggests that species evolve in the same geographic area but become reproductively isolated? (A) Dispersal (B) Sympatric speciation (C) Vicariance (D) Allopatric speciation 21. Which of the following is NOT a type of dispersal mechanism? (A) Wind dispersal (B) Volcanic dispersal (C) Water dispersal (D) Animal dispersal 22. Which term describes the range of habitats where a species can live? (A) Biogeographic region (B) Ecological niche (C) Dispersal barrier (D) Species richness 23. Which of the following is an example of a natural biogeographic barrier? (A) Mountain ranges (B) Canals (C) Roads (D) Urban areas 24. Which term describes the number of different species present in a particular area? (A) Biogeographic diversity (B) Species composition (C) Endemism (D) Species richness 25. Which biogeographic region includes regions such as Asia Minor, Arabia, and parts of Central Asia? (A) Palearctic (B) Nearctic (C) Indo-Malayan (D) Afrotropical 26. Which term describes the variety of habitats within a particular area? (A) Ecological diversity (B) Species diversity (C) Habitat diversity (D) Genetic diversity 27. Which biogeographic realm includes regions such as South Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Indian subcontinent? (A) Nearctic (B) Indo-Malayan (C) Palearctic (D) Afrotropical 28. Which term describes the movement of animals due to seasonal changes? (A) Dispersal (B) Migration (C) Vicariance (D) Endemism 29. Which of the following is an example of an anthropogenic biogeographic barrier? (A) Urbanization (B) Rivers (C) Mountain ranges (D) Deserts 30. Which biogeographic concept suggests that species evolve due to the physical separation of populations? (A) Allopatric speciation (B) Vicariance (C) Sympatric speciation (D) Dispersal 31. Which of the following is NOT a biogeographic realm? (A) Tropical (B) Nearctic (C) Arctic (D) Oriental 32. Which term describes species that play a critical role in maintaining the structure and function of an ecosystem? (A) Indicator species (B) Invasive species (C) Endemic species (D) Keystone species 33. Which biogeographic realm includes regions such as Europe, Asia Minor, and parts of North Africa? (A) Nearctic (B) Afrotropical (C) Indo-Malayan (D) Palearctic 34. Which term describes species that have been introduced to a new habitat and have negative impacts on native species? (A) Keystone species (B) Indicator species (C) Endemic species (D) Invasive species 35. Which biogeographic region includes regions such as Sub-Saharan Africa, Madagascar, and the Seychelles? (A) Afrotropical (B) Neotropical (C) Nearctic (D) Indo-Malayan 36. Which term describes the process by which new species evolve in response to changes in their environment? (A) Dispersal (B) Migration (C) Colonization (D) Speciation 37. Which biogeographic realm includes regions such as the Arctic, Greenland, and parts of Siberia? (A) Nearctic (B) Palearctic (C) Indo-Malayan (D) Australasian 38. Which term describes species that are naturally found in a particular geographic area? (A) Native species (B) Keystone species (C) Endemic species (D) Invasive species 39. Which biogeographic realm includes regions such as India, Southeast Asia, and the Indian subcontinent? (A) Nearctic (B) Neotropical (C) Palearctic (D) Indo-Malayan 40. Which term describes species that are used to assess the health of an ecosystem? (A) Keystone species (B) Indicator species (C) Endemic species (D) Invasive species 41. Which biogeographic realm includes regions such as North and Central America, and parts of Greenland? (A) Nearctic (B) Neotropical (C) Afrotropical (D) Indo-Malayan 42. Which term describes the movement of animals from one habitat to another due to competition for resources? (A) Dispersal (B) Colonization (C) Vicariance (D) Migration 43. Which biogeographic realm includes regions such as Europe, Asia (excluding the Indian subcontinent), and North Africa? (A) Nearctic (B) Neotropical (C) Afrotropical (D) Palearctic 44. Which term describes the process by which species disappear from a habitat? (A) Extirpation (B) Migration (C) Colonization (D) Speciation 45. Which biogeographic realm includes regions such as South America, Central America, and the Caribbean? (A) Nearctic (B) Neotropical (C) Palearctic (D) Afrotropical 46. Which term describes the movement of animals due to changes in environmental conditions? (A) Dispersal (B) Migration (C) Colonization (D) Extirpation 47. Which biogeographic realm includes regions such as Africa, Madagascar, and parts of the Arabian Peninsula? (A) Nearctic (B) Afrotropical (C) Neotropical (D) Palearctic 48. Which term describes the variety of genetic material within a species or population? (A) Genetic diversity (B) Native species (C) Keystone species (D) Indicator species 49. Which biogeographic realm includes regions such as Australia, New Guinea, and New Zealand? (A) Neotropical (B) Nearctic (C) Afrotropical (D) Australasian 50. Which term describes the ability of a species to exist in a variety of habitats? (A) Keystone species (B) Ecological niche (C) Native species (D) Genetic diversity