Zoogeography is the study of:
a) Animal behavior
b) Animal distribution
c) Animal genetics
d) Animal physiology
Which of the following factors does not influence animal distribution?
a) Climate
b) Food availability
c) Geological history
d) Social behavior
The Wallace Line separates the fauna of which two regions?
a) South America and Africa
b) North America and Asia
c) Australia and Asia
d) Europe and Asia
Endemism refers to species that are:
a) Found in multiple regions
b) Limited to a specific geographic area
c) Exclusively aquatic
d) Highly migratory
Which of the following is not a major biogeographic region?
a) Neotropical
b) Australasian
c) Polar
d) Savannian
The term “allopatric speciation” refers to speciation that occurs due to:
a) Geographic isolation
b) Sympatric mating
c) Hybridization
d) Genetic drift
Which of the following is not an example of a dispersal barrier for animals?
a) Mountain ranges
b) Oceans
c) Rivers
d) Air currents
The Great Rift Valley in Africa is an example of:
a) A dispersal barrier
b) A migration route
c) A biogeographic boundary
d) A biodiversity hotspot
The term “vicariance” refers to:
a) The formation of new species due to geographic isolation
b) The division of a species into multiple populations
c) The splitting of a population by a physical barrier
d) The dispersal of species across large distances
Which of the following is not a factor influencing island biogeography?
a) Island size
b) Distance from the mainland
c) Climate stability
d) Ocean currents
The presence of lemurs in Madagascar and nowhere else is an example of:
a) Endemism
b) Dispersal
c) Vicariance
d) Speciation
Which of the following is not a type of island?
a) Continental
b) Oceanic
c) Volcanic
d) Peninsula
The presence of similar ecological niches in geographically distant regions can result in:
a) Adaptive radiation
b) Vicariance
c) Convergent evolution
d) Endemism
Which of the following factors does not affect the distribution of marine organisms?
a) Ocean currents
b) Salinity
c) Elevation
d) Temperature
The Bering Land Bridge connected which two continents during periods of low sea level?
a) North America and South America
b) North America and Asia
c) Europe and Asia
d) Africa and Asia
Which of the following is not a major zoogeographic region of the world?
a) Nearctic
b) Oriental
c) Equatorial
d) Palearctic
Which of the following is not a method of dispersal for terrestrial animals?
a) Flight
b) Swimming
c) Wind
d) Hitchhiking
The distribution of plants and animals in response to elevation is known as:
a) Latitudinal gradient
b) Altitudinal zonation
c) Dispersal barrier
d) Oceanic upwelling
The Drake Passage between South America and Antarctica is an example of:
a) A biogeographic boundary
b) A migration route
c) A dispersal barrier
d) A biodiversity hotspot
Which of the following is not a factor contributing to high biodiversity in tropical rainforests?
a) Stable climate
b) High primary productivity
c) Glacial activity
d) Complex habitat structure
The presence of marsupials in Australia and absence elsewhere is an example of:
a) Dispersal
b) Vicariance
c) Endemism
d) Adaptation
Which of the following is not a type of dispersal mechanism for plants and animals?
a) Zoochory
b) Anemochory
c) Hydrochory
d) Mycorrhizae
The presence of flightless birds on islands is often attributed to:
a) Vicariance
b) Dispersal
c) Adaptation
d) Speciation
The Mediterranean region is known for its high levels of:
a) Endemism
b) Migration
c) Dispersal
d) Speciation
The concept of “island biogeography” was developed by:
a) Charles Darwin
b) Alfred Russel Wallace
c) Robert MacArthur and E. O. Wilson
d) Carl Linnaeus
The presence of similar ecological niches in geographically distant regions can result in:
a) Adaptive radiation
b) Vicariance
c) Convergent evolution
d) Endemism
Which of the following factors does not affect the distribution of marine organisms?
a) Ocean currents
b) Salinity
c) Elevation
d) Temperature
The Bering Land Bridge connected which two continents during periods of low sea level?
a) North America and South America
b) North America and Asia
c) Europe and Asia
d) Africa and Asia
Which of the following is not a major zoogeographic region of the world?
a) Nearctic
b) Oriental
c) Equatorial
d) Palearctic
Which of the following is not a method of dispersal for terrestrial animals?
a) Flight
b) Swimming
c) Wind
d) Hitchhiking
The distribution of plants and animals in response to elevation is known as:
a) Latitudinal gradient
b) Altitudinal zonation
c) Dispersal barrier
d) Oceanic upwelling
The Drake Passage between South America and Antarctica is an example of:
a) A biogeographic boundary
b) A migration route
c) A dispersal barrier
d) A biodiversity hotspot
Which of the following is not a factor contributing to high biodiversity in tropical rainforests?
a) Stable climate
b) High primary productivity
c) Glacial activity
d) Complex habitat structure
The presence of marsupials in Australia and absence elsewhere is an example of:
a) Dispersal
b) Vicariance
c) Endemism
d) Adaptation
The presence of flightless birds on islands is often attributed to:
a) Vicariance
b) Dispersal
c) Adaptation
d) Speciation
The Mediterranean region is known for its high levels of:
a) Endemism
b) Migration
c) Dispersal
d) Speciation
The concept of “island biogeography” was developed by:
a) Charles Darwin
b) Alfred Russel Wallace
c) Robert MacArthur and E. O. Wilson
d) Carl Linnaeus
Which of the following is not a characteristic of oceanic islands?
a) Close proximity to continents
b) Formed by volcanic activity
c) Often have unique species
d) Limited in size
Which of the following is a factor contributing to the high species diversity in the Amazon rainforest?
a) High altitude
b) Harsh climate
c) Rich soil
d) Low rainfall
The presence of lemurs in Madagascar is an example of:
a) Endemism
b) Dispersal
c) Vicariance
d) Speciation
Which of the following is not a factor influencing the distribution of terrestrial animals?
a) Climate
b) Geology
c) Air currents
d) Ocean currents
The Himalayan mountain range serves as a dispersal barrier for species between which two regions?
a) Africa and Asia
b) Europe and Asia
c) North America and South America
d) Asia and Australia
The concept of “ecological niche” is most closely related to:
a) Zoogeography
b) Biogeography
c) Community ecology
d) Population ecology
Which of the following is not a factor contributing to the diversity of species on islands?
a) Isolation
b) Island size
c) Distance from the mainland
d) Continental drift
The Amazon River basin is home to a vast array of species due to its:
a) Low temperatures
b) Constant habitat disturbance
c) High levels of precipitation
d) Lack of vegetation
Which of the following is not a major zoogeographic realm?
a) Nearctic
b) Neotropical
c) Afrotropical
d) Boreotropical
Which of the following statements about biogeographic realms is true?
a) They are characterized by uniformity in species composition.
b) They are defined solely by geographical boundaries.
c) They do not influence patterns of species distribution.
d) They are interchangeable with biomes.
The presence of flightless birds on islands is often attributed to:
a) Vicariance
b) Dispersal
c) Adaptation
d) Speciation
Which of the following factors does not influence the distribution of marine organisms?
a) Ocean currents
b) Salinity
c) Elevation
d) Temperature
The Bering Land Bridge connected which two continents during periods of low sea level?
a) North America and South America
b) North America and Asia
c) Europe and Asia
d) Africa and Asia
Which of the following is not a major zoogeographic region of the world?
a) Nearctic
b) Oriental
c) Equatorial
d) Palearctic
Which of the following is not a method of dispersal for terrestrial animals?
a) Flight
b) Swimming
c) Wind
d) Hitchhiking
The distribution of plants and animals in response to elevation is known as:
a) Latitudinal gradient
b) Altitudinal zonation
c) Dispersal barrier
d) Oceanic upwelling
The Drake Passage between South America and Antarctica is an example of:
a) A biogeographic boundary
b) A migration route
c) A dispersal barrier
d) A biodiversity hotspot
Which of the following is not a factor contributing to high biodiversity in tropical rainforests?
a) Stable climate
b) High primary productivity
c) Glacial activity
d) Complex habitat structure
The presence of marsupials in Australia and absence elsewhere is an example of:
a) Dispersal
b) Vicariance
c) Endemism
d) Adaptation