What is the primary fuel used in most thermal power plants?
A) Natural Gas
B) Coal
C) Nuclear Fuel
D) Solar Energy
Answer: B
Which component is used to convert heat energy into mechanical energy in a thermal power plant?
A) Boiler
B) Turbine
C) Condenser
D) Generator
Answer: B
The efficiency of a thermal power plant is typically in the range of:
A) 5-10%
B) 15-25%
C) 30-45%
D) 50-60%
Answer: D
Which of the following is not a type of thermal power plant?
A) Combined Cycle
B) Geothermal
C) Hydroelectric
D) Biomass
Answer: C
The Rankine cycle is used in thermal power plants for:
A) Refrigeration
B) Steam power generation
C) Solar energy conversion
D) Battery charging
Answer: B
In a thermal power plant, which device is used to increase the temperature of the feedwater using waste heat?
A) Superheater
B) Economizer
C) Boiler
D) Deaerator
Answer: B
Which pollutant is a major concern associated with the combustion of coal in thermal power plants?
A) Carbon monoxide (CO)
B) Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
C) Nitrogen oxides (NOx)
D) Particulate matter (PM)
Answer: B
The primary purpose of a condenser in a thermal power plant is to:
A) Increase the pressure of the steam
B) Reduce the temperature of the steam
C) Increase the efficiency of the turbine
D) Control the flow rate of the cooling water
Answer: B
Which fuel is known for its high calorific value and low sulfur content, making it suitable for thermal power plants?
A) Lignite
B) Peat
C) Natural Gas
D) Anthracite
Answer: C
Which type of turbine is commonly used in modern thermal power plants due to its higher efficiency?
A) Impulse turbine
B) Pelton turbine
C) Kaplan turbine
D) Reaction turbine
Answer: D
The term “CHP” in thermal power plant engineering stands for:
A) Combined Heat and Power
B) Coal Handling Plant
C) Condenser Heat Pump
D) Controlled Heat Production
Answer: A
The process of reheating steam in a thermal power plant is primarily done to:
A) Increase the efficiency of the turbine
B) Decrease the pressure in the condenser
C) Remove impurities from the steam
D) Reduce the temperature of the turbine blades
Answer: A
Which of the following is a disadvantage of nuclear thermal power plants compared to fossil fuel-based plants?
A) Higher operating costs
B) Lower environmental impact
C) Limited availability of fuel
D) Easier waste disposal
Answer: C
Which component of a thermal power plant controls the generation of electrical power?
A) Boiler
B) Turbine
C) Generator
D) Condenser
Answer: C
Which type of cooling system is commonly used in thermal power plants located near rivers or lakes?
A) Cooling tower
B) Air-cooled condenser
C) Dry cooling system
D) Once-through cooling
Answer: D
The term “boiler efficiency” in thermal power plants refers to:
A) The ratio of fuel energy input to electrical energy output
B) The percentage of steam produced compared to water input
C) The efficiency of converting heat energy into mechanical energy
D) The heat transfer efficiency within the combustion chamber
Answer: A
The emission of greenhouse gases from thermal power plants contributes primarily to:
A) Global warming
B) Acid rain
C) Ozone depletion
D) Soil erosion
Answer: A
Which pollutant is a major concern in thermal power plants using oil as fuel?
A) Carbon dioxide (CO2)
B) Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
C) Nitrogen oxides (NOx)
D) Lead (Pb)
Answer: C
Which energy source is not directly applicable to thermal power generation?
A) Wind
B) Geothermal
C) Biomass
D) Hydrogen
Answer: A
The term “superheater” in a thermal power plant refers to a device that:
A) Increases the temperature of the steam above its saturation point
B) Reduces the temperature of the steam before it enters the turbine
C) Removes impurities from the steam
D) Increases the pressure of the steam
Answer: A
Which type of coal has the highest carbon content and the highest energy density?
A) Lignite
B) Bituminous
C) Sub-bituminous
D) Anthracite
Answer: D
The main advantage of a combined cycle power plant over a conventional thermal power plant is its:
A) Higher fuel efficiency
B) Lower initial cost
C) Simpler operation
D) Reduced environmental impact
Answer: A
Which gas is used as a coolant in some advanced gas-cooled thermal power plants?
A) Helium
B) Nitrogen
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Hydrogen
Answer: A
Which factor is not a consideration in the site selection for a thermal power plant?
A) Proximity to fuel source
B) Availability of cooling water
C) Distance from residential areas
D) Availability of wind energy
Answer: D
Which of the following is a renewable energy source commonly used in thermal power plants?
A) Biomass
B) Petroleum
C) Natural Gas
D) Propane
Answer: A
The term “ASHRAE” in thermal power plant design stands for:
A) American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers
B) Annual Steam Heat Rate Adjustment Estimator
C) Advanced Steam Heat Recovery and Efficiency
D) Association for Sustainable Heat Recovery and Emission Control
Answer: A
Which component of a thermal power plant controls the pressure of the steam entering the turbine?
A) Economizer
B) Superheater
C) Governor
D) Deaerator
Answer: C
The term “cogeneration” in thermal power plants refers to:
A) Simultaneous generation of electricity and heat
B) Generation of electricity using steam turbines
C) Use of combined cycle power plants
D) Installation of carbon capture systems
Answer: A
Which factor does not affect the efficiency of a thermal power plant?
A) Ambient temperature
B) Steam pressure
C) Fuel type
D) Wind speed
Answer: D
Which of the following is a disadvantage of air-cooled condensers compared to water-cooled condensers in thermal power plants?
A) Higher water consumption
B) Larger space requirement
C) Higher installation cost
D) Corrosion issues
Answer: B
The term “subcritical” in thermal power plants refers to:
A) Steam conditions above critical point
B) Steam conditions below critical point
C) Use of supercritical steam turbines
D) Operation at very low temperatures
Answer: B
The term “mercury control” in thermal power plants refers to efforts to reduce emissions of:
A) Carbon dioxide (CO2)
B) Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
C) Nitrogen oxides (NOx)
D) Mercury (Hg)
Answer: D
Which component of a thermal power plant is responsible for removing dissolved gases from feedwater?
A) Superheater
B) Deaerator
C) Economizer
D) Boiler
Answer: B
The term “stack height” in thermal power plants refers to the height of:
A) Cooling towers
B) Fuel storage tanks
C) Flue gas stack
D) Steam turbine
Answer: C
Which environmental regulation is primarily concerned with limiting emissions from thermal power plants?
A) Clean Water Act
B) Clean Air Act
C) Endangered Species Act
D) Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
Answer: B
Which type of coal has the lowest moisture content and is more energy efficient?
A) Lignite
B) Bituminous
C) Sub-bituminous
D) Anthracite
Answer: D
The term “pulverized fuel firing” in thermal power plants refers to the process of:
A) Direct combustion of coal chunks
B) Burning coal in fluidized bed boilers
C) Injection of powdered coal into the furnace
D) Gasification of coal
Answer: C
Which component of a thermal power plant is responsible for supplying air for combustion in the boiler?
A) Superheater
B) Turbine
C) Boiler
D) Air preheater
Answer: D
Which renewable energy source is not commonly used in thermal power plants?
A) Solar
B) Wind
C) Geothermal
D) Hydropower
Answer: B
The term “condenser vacuum” in thermal power plants refers to the pressure maintained in the:
A) Boiler
B) Condenser
C) Turbine
D) Generator
Answer: B
The term “flue gas desulfurization” in thermal power plants refers to the process of removing:
A) Carbon monoxide (CO)
B) Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
C) Nitrogen oxides (NOx)
D) Particulate matter (PM)
Answer: B
Which factor is not a concern in the cooling water system design for a thermal power plant?
A) Water temperature
B) Flow rate
C) Turbine efficiency
D) Environmental impact
Answer: C
The term “turbine governor” in thermal power plants refers to a device that controls the:
A) Steam temperature
B) Steam pressure
C) Turbine speed
D) Generator voltage
Answer: C
Which environmental issue is directly associated with the cooling water discharge from thermal power plants?
A) Air pollution
B) Soil erosion
C) Thermal pollution
D) Noise pollution
Answer: C
The term “carbon capture and storage (CCS)” in thermal power plants refers to technology used to reduce emissions of:
A) Carbon monoxide (CO)
B) Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
C) Nitrogen oxides (NOx)
D) Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Answer: D
Which component of a thermal power plant is responsible for regulating steam flow to the turbine?
A) Economizer
B) Governor
C) Deaerator
D) Superheater
Answer: B
The term “open-cycle gas turbine” in thermal power plants refers to a system that:
A) Uses a single turbine for electricity generation
B) Recycles exhaust gases for heat recovery
C) Uses natural gas as the primary fuel
D) Uses steam for turbine cooling
Answer: C
Which pollutant is primarily responsible for the formation of acid rain from thermal power plant emissions?
A) Carbon monoxide (CO)
B) Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
C) Nitrogen oxides (NOx)
D) Particulate matter (PM)
Answer: B
The term “flue gas” in thermal power plants refers to gases discharged from the:
A) Boiler
B) Turbine
C) Generator
D) Condenser
Answer: A
Which component of a thermal power plant is responsible for transforming mechanical energy into electrical energy?
A) Boiler
B) Turbine
C) Condenser
D) Generator
Answer: D