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Physical Geography

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1. . What is the process called when rocks break down into smaller pieces without changing their chemical composition?





2. 2. . The Earth’s outermost layer is called the:





3. 3. . Which of the following is the largest ocean on Earth?





4. 4. . What term describes the boundary between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other?





5. 5. . The theory that explains the movement of the Earth’s plates is known as:





6. 6. . The process by which sediment is carried away from its source is known as:





7. 7. . Which type of volcano is characterized by a broad, gently sloping cone?





8. 8. . The Earth’s core is primarily composed of which elements?





9. 9. . The highest mountain peak in the world is:





10. 10. . Which river is the longest in the world?





11. 11. . What is the term for a large body of saltwater that is partially enclosed by land?





12. 12. . The process of glaciers carving out U-shaped valleys is known as:





13. 13. . The term “savanna” refers to a:





14. 14. . Which of the following is a primary factor in determining climate?





15. 15. . What is the process called when rocks and soil are transported by wind, water, or ice?





16. 16. . Which layer of the Earth’s atmosphere is closest to the surface and contains most of the atmospheric mass?





17. 17. . What is the name of the phenomenon where cold, dense air moves down from a high-pressure area to a low-pressure area?





18. 18. . The Ring of Fire is known for its:





19. 19. . What type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?





20. 20. . A biome characterized by very low temperatures, little precipitation, and permafrost is called:





21. 21. . The term “alluvial fan” refers to:





22. 22. . The process by which a river or stream forms a new channel is known as:





23. 23. . Which of the following is a characteristic feature of karst topography?





24. 24. . The “Ozone Layer” is located in which atmospheric layer?





25. 25. . What is the name of the boundary between two tectonic plates that slide past each other horizontally?





26. 26. . Which desert is the largest in the world?





27. 27. . The phenomenon where warm ocean waters influence weather patterns is known as:





28. 28. . The “Greenhouse Effect” refers to:





29. 29. . Which of the following is NOT a type of plate boundary?





30. 30. . The process of soil formation is influenced by:





31. 31. . Which mountain range runs along the border between the United States and Canada?





32. 32. . The term “delta” refers to:





33. 33. . The Great Barrier Reef is located off the coast of which country?





34. 34. . The term “isthmus” refers to:





35. 35. . Which of the following is a major river in Africa?





36. 36. . The “Ring of Fire” is associated with which geological activity?





37. 37. . Which type of glacier is found in mountainous regions and flows down valleys?





38. 38. . The “Geoid” refers to:





39. 39. . The “Great Rift Valley” is located in which part of the world?





40. 40. . The term “biome” refers to:





41. 41. . The term “austral” refers to:





42. 42. . The term “habitat” refers to:





43. 43. . Which of the following is a feature of a temperate forest?





44. 44. . Which process describes the conversion of solid water (ice) directly into water vapor?





45. 45. . The “hydrosphere” refers to:





46. 46. . Which layer of the Earth is responsible for the majority of its geological activity?





47. 47. . The process of converting liquid water into water vapor is known as:





48. 48. . The term “microclimate” refers to:





49. 49. . The term “ecosystem” refers to:





50. 50. . Which of the following biomes is characterized by very low temperatures and permafrost?





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